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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Identification of a common antigen of herpes simplex virus bovine herpes mammillitis virus, and B virus.

In immunoelectrophoretic analyses one common antigen was demonstrated in antigen preparations from herpes simplex virus types 1- and 2- (HSV-1 and HSV-2), bovine herpes mammillitis (BHM) virus-, and B virus-infected cells solubilized by Triton X-100. The antigen was also demonstrated in solubilized purified HSV-1 and BHM virus. The common antigen was identified as antigen 11 of HSV-1 or HSV-2. Differences were found in the polypeptide composition of the related antigens when isolated from the four different herpesviruses, but a glycopolypeptide with a molecular weight of 125,000 was present in each of the four different antigen preparations, indicating that this polypeptide carried the common antigenic determinants.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1977

The herpesvirus group.

Several agents in the herpesvirus group are known to infect man. They cause a wide variety of conditions, ranging from coldsores to chickenpox and shingles. At the same time a number of the herpesviruses have been linked with malignant diseases in both lower animals and man.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Ocular findings associated with encephalomyelitis caused by Herpesvirus simiae.

A 29-year-old monkey handler developed acute encephalomyelitis with serological evidence of Herpesvirus simiae infection. He had sudden unilateral loss of vision on the 32nd day of illness caused by vitreous hemorrhage. This cleared gradually, revealing chorioretinal scarring and a gliovascular vitreous band which eventually caused local tractional retinal detachment.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Hazards from simian herpes viruses: reactivation of skin lesions with virus shedding.

A new simian herpes virus with biological properties similar to herpes simplex and to simian "B" virus has been used as a model system for studying virus latency in dorsal root spinal sensory ganglia. Following intradermal injection, virus is present in the skin lesions and corresponding ganglia only, during the acute stage of the disease. By organ-culture techniques, latent virus was rescued from ganglia up to 2 years later. No latent virus was ever found in skin organ cultures of the primary site. Treatment with cortisone up to 18 months later reactivated virus latent in the ganglia, and virus returned to the skin where it produced small but typical herpes lesions which shed virus. Reactivation of Herpesvirus tamarinus was achieved after 28 months. This is believed to be the first report of a model system for the study of herpes latency in which skin lesions are found to recur, and provides an opportunity for more detailed investigations of the mechanisms of virus latency in man. The presumption that reactivation of skin lesions will also be possible in rhesus monkeys seropositive for "B" virus points to a possibly grave and largely unsuspected hazard for those engaged in primate research.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Comparative complement fixation and serum neutralization antibody titers to herpes simplex virus type 1 and Herpesvirus simiae in Macaca mulatta and humans.

The serological relationship of herpes simplex type 1 virus and Herpesvirus simiae was studied. Antibody titers to these viruses were determined in 163 Macaca mulatta sera and 67 human sera by serum neutralization (SN) and complement fixation (CF) tests. Both groups of sera were also tested by CF with envelope and capsid antigens of herpes simplex type 1. By SN, the majority of the monkeys and all of the humans had a higher titer to herpes simplex type 1 than to H. simiae. By CF, with crude antigens the titers in the monkey sera were greater to H. simiae than to herpes simplex type 1, although four sera had equal titers to both antigens; the titers in the human sera were conversely higher with the herpes simplex type 1 antigen, except for four sera which had equal titers to both antigens. The capsid CF antigen of herpes simplex type 1 was reactive with the human sera but virtually nonreactive with the monkey sera; the envelope CF antigen of herpes simplex type 1 was reactive with both monkey and human sera but was somewhat less reactive than the crude herpes simplex type 1 CF antigen. In addition, serum samples from a patient recently infected with H. simiae were examined by CF and SN for antibody to both herpes simplex type 1 and H. simiae viruses. The serological profile indicated a positive correlation with the infecting virus. Although the SN titers did not conclusively reflect an infection with H. simiae, the CF titers were higher to H. simiae than to herpes simplex in later sera and thus appeared to be compatible with H. simiae infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Treatment of wounds from animals suspected of carrying neurotropic viruses.

The methods used at the Clinical Research Centre, Northwick Park Hospital, to treat wounds potentially infected with neurotropic viruses are outlined. Emphasis is laid on first aid and on surgical attention. Patients should remain under medical supervision for at least four weeks after the injury, the need for specific post-exposure treatment depending on the nature of the exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Recovery from encephalomyelitis caused by Herpesvirus simiae. Report of a case.

A 29-year-old monkey handler developed an acute encephalomyelitis with neuromuscular dysfunction that progressed to respiratory arrest on the 18th day of illness. Thereafter, with supportive care, the patient's condition improved steadily. The titer of neutralizing antibodies to H simiae rose from 1:4 (eighth day of illness) to 1:512 (47th day of illness). Apparently the fifth known survivor of H simiae (herpesvirus B) encephalomyelitis, this patient is also remarkable because of virtually complete recovery, apparently the second documented instance of a good outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Multiple Herpesvirus simiae isolation from a rhesus monkey which died of cerebral infarction.

A rhesus monkey housed in the New England Regional Primate Research Center for more than 4 yr died after an illness of 19 da. Clinical signs included central nervous system involvement and ulcers on the labial mucosa. Microscopically, the cause of death was established as multiple cerebral infarction. Lesions characteristic of herpesvirus infections were not present in the brain nor in any other tissue; however, Herpesvirus simiae was isolated from oral and anal swabs as well as from tongue and lung tissue. Inoculation of this agent in H simiae antibody negative rhesus monkeys resulted in infection, as indicated by virus isolation, serologic conversion, conjunctivitis, and development of ulcers at the mucoepithelial border, but fatal infection did not develop.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1975

Recovery of herpes simiae (B virus) from both primary and latent infections in rhesus monkeys.

The suspected ability of herpes simiae (B virus) to persist in a latent form has been confirmed in rhesus monkeys. The virus was recovered from primary oral lesions of 2 young monkeys and again, 6 months after disappearance of symptoms, from cultures of Gasserian ganglia taken from the same individuals. B virus was identified by its effects in vivo and in vitro and in cross neutralization tests with antisera to reference B virus and herpes simplex virus. Tests showed that the same virus was present in oral lesions and in ganglia. The one-way immunological relationship between herpes simplex virus and B virus was clearly shown in results of cross neutralization tests.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Latency of Herpes Simiae (B virus) in rabbits.

When small doses of herpes simplex virus (HSV) were given to rabbits a significant degree of protection was afforded against later infection with herpes simiae (B virus). Only 12/47 rabbits died within 3 weeks of receiving B virus dosages that would normally have proved lethal. B virus became latent in survivors and was recovered from brain and spinal cord suspensions from rabbits which died within 6 months and from dorsal root ganglia of rabbits which had survived for more than 2 years without overt signs of infection. A minority of the survivors tested also yielded HSV. Rabbits with latent B virus in the ganglia showed little or no detectable neutralizing antibody to B virus. The possibility is discussed that human populations having a high frequency occurrence of HSV antibody may include carriers of latent B virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Multiple testing for the detection of B virus antibody in specially handled rhesus monkeys after capture from virgin trapping grounds.

Eight groups of rhesus monkeys totaling over 1,000 animals were captured in the virgin trapping grounds of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Individual caging and special handling technics were utilized to prevent cross-contamination during capture, holding, and subsequent shipment to quarantine facilities in the United States. Immediately following the arrival of the monkeys, 5 consecutive blood samples were obtained at approximately 2-wk intervals, and the sera were rested for neutralizing antibody against Herpesvirus simiae. In order to assure the greatest sensitivity possible, sera were not heat-inactivated and were tested against only 10 TCID50 units of virus in addition to the more commonly used concentration of 100 TCID50 units. The first test detected 80-90% of the positive animals within each group, and only 1 seroconversion was noted after the second test. Seventy-three percent of the adults, 36.6% of the young adults, and 12.4% of the juvenile macaques were found to be antibody-positive. Considering the measures employed to prevent cross contamination, these percentages probably reflect the true prevalence of B virus infection in these rhesus monkeys at the time of their capture in the wild.

Animals↗