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Results for “Histological differentiation”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Stage shift, histological differentiation, and survival patterns of lung squamous cell carcinoma versus adenocarcinoma in low-dose CT screening.

BACKGROUND: Whether LDCT-associated stage shift translates into similar survival patterns across lung cancer histologies remains uncertain. We compared stage shift, histological differentiation, tumor characteristics, and survival between lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in the National Lung Screening Trial. METHODS: Among participants diagnosed with LUSC or LUAD, stage distribution and histological differentiation were compared between LDCT and chest X-ray (CXR) arms. Survival among diagnosed cases was measured from randomization. Multivariable models tested screening arm-by-histology interactions. Screen-detected LDCT tumors were compared by histology. RESULTS: During 6.5 years of median follow-up, 498 LUAD and 249 LUSC cases were diagnosed in the LDCT arm, and 374 and 212, respectively, were diagnosed in the CXR arm. LDCT was associated with higher odds of stage I disease for LUAD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.48; 95% CI 1.88-3.28) and LUSC (aOR, 1.71; 95% CI 1.17-2.48), without significant interaction (P&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.116). LDCT was associated with lower hazard of lung cancer-specific death among diagnosed LUAD cases (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.54; 95% CI 0.43-0.66), but not among diagnosed LUSC cases (aHR, 1.04; 95% CI 0.78-1.39; P for interaction<0.001). LUSC had lower screening sensitivity, more frequent detection in annual screening rounds, greater prediagnostic tumor size increase, and fewer well-differentiated stage I tumors than LUAD. CONCLUSION: LDCT was associated with stage shift for both subtypes, but favorable survival patterns among diagnosed cases were mainly observed for LUAD. Lower screening sensitivity, greater prediagnostic tumor size increase, and poorer histological differentiation may help explain why stage shift did not translate into similar survival patterns for LUSC. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00047385.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Prognosis of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelids in relation to histologic differentiation and thoroughness of resection].

As life expectancy increases the diagnosis and treatment of basal cell carcinoma of the lids is assuming ever greater importance. While there is still some debate as to whether conservative or surgical treatment is preferable, the emphasis in conservative treatment varies. Our own view is based on an analysis of 531 surgically treated patients. For histologic differentiation we used the data of Lever (1958). Considering that our recidivity rate was only 6.2%, we recommend primary surgical treatment. After localization of the tumor the inner canthus in particular should be kept under observation for recurrences. Histologic differentiation showed the sclerodermiform basal cell carcinoma to be especially dangerous.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Correlation of estrogen and progesterone receptors with histologic differentiation in endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Endometrial carcinomas from 58 patients were graded histologically, and the histologic grade was compared with the estrogen and progesterone receptor content of the tumor tissues. Receptor content was determined by multiple concentration saturation analysis and sucrose density gradient analysis. A positive correlation was found between the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors and the degree of tumor differentiation. The majority (85%) of well-differentiated lesions contained significant amounts of both steroid receptor proteins. In contrast, only 13% of the poorly differentiated lesions were characterized by the presence of detectable levels of both estrogen and progesterone receptor proteins. The relationship of receptor content and degree of differentiation to prognosis and potential for response to hormonal therapy is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

[New method of differential histological diagnosis of different forms of amyloidosis].

A new method for morphological diagnosis of various forms of amyloidosis based on the use of a hot buffered hexamine-silver solution is suggested. Its potentials are illustrated on 37 cases of primary, hereditary, and secondary human amyloidosis as well as experimental amyloidosis. The proposed method permits morphological differential diagnosis of amyloidosis in those cases where other methods failed to do it.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1976

[Endoscopic-histological differential diagnosis of rare benign endolaryngeal proliferations (author's transl)].

In the period from 1961 to August, 1975, 2,222 microlaryngoscopic examinations were carried out at the ENT Department of the University. A correlation was seen between the increase in the number of examination in the last few years and the increase in the number of malignant tumours of the larynx, while malignant growths in the hypopharynx were found to be only slightly increased. An anlysis of 1,027 microlaryngoscopies carried out under anaesthesia over the last 2 2/3 years showed almost 50% cancers and precancers. In 5% of the case at most more rare laryngeal findings were also seen. Of these, the granular cell tumour, plasmocytoma, oncocytic cystadenoma and amyloid-tumour of the larynx, but also tuberculous laryngitis, are represented. The modern endoscopic examinations and the fundamental bioptic histomorphological examination of proliferations allow an exact differentiation of these changes in the tissues of the endolarynx. In this connection, a valuable technical aid is the v. Stuckard low-power magnifying laryngoscope, that has been in use for the past six months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Histological differential diagnosis of psoriasis vulgaris and seborrheic eczema of the scalp].

The clinical differential diagnosis between seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis vulgaris of the scalp can be difficult. We, therefore, tried to elaborate histopathological criteria for a differentiation of the two dermatoses. Forty excisional biopsies were analysed without knowing the clinical diagnosis. The histopathological substrate within the epidermis is characterized in psoriasis by dermatitis-like and in seborrheic dermatitis by psoriasis-like alterations. Therefore, in some cases a definite histopathological diagnosis could not be made. Strong criteria favouring psoriasis are: moderate condensed hyperkeratosis with alternating parakeratosis, PAS-reactive serum inclusions and Munro abscesses within the horny layer, spongiform pustles and neutrophilic leukocytes within the epidermis. Strong criteria for seborrheic dermatitis are: irregular acanthosis with relatively thin condensed orthoor parakeratotic horny layer, spongiosis and spongiotic vesicles, exocytosis of lymphocytes and the lack of any hard criterias for psoriasis. The results may suggest that seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp may transform into psoriasis in patients with a genetical disposition ("psoriatic diathesis", "latent psoriasis") via a Köbner reaction. The existence of the seborrheic dermatitis (Morbus Unna) is not doubted by these investigations.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

Antibodies to Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of uterine cervix in India.

Antibody activity to Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2) was measured by the indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test in sera from 124 women with squamous-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, 46 women with non-cervical cancer and 116 matched normal women. The type-specific antibodies were assayed by IHA inhibition test. The proportion of cervical cancer cases positive for HSV-2 infection was significantly greater than that of non-cervical cancer cases and matched control women. No difference was observed in the percentages positive for HSV-1 infection among the three study groups. The mean titers of antibodies to HSV-1 as well as HSV-2 were significantly higher than the respective titers in the other two study groups. However, determination of type-specific antibodies did not help in establishing evidence for past infection by HSV-2 in patients with cervical cancer, as no type-specific HSV-2 antibodies were produced in 58% of the cases. The cervical cancer cases were also analysed according to clinical staging (Stages 0 to IV) and histological differentiation of squamous-cell carcinoma. Neither the percentage of positives for HSV-2 infection nor HSV-antibody titers varied, either in clinical staging or in histological differentiation of cervical cancer. These findings suggest that HSV-2 may be related to cervical cancer as an etiological agent but not as a passenger virus of carcinomatous tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[The distribution of isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase in benign and malignant neoplasms of the human prostate (author's transl)].

The distribution of LDH isoenzymes from homogenate supernatant of bioptically obtained benign and malignant tumours of the human prostate was investigated by agar gel electrophoresis and correlated with the degree of histological differentiation of these tumours. In comparison to the benign adenomas (52.6% H subunits), the values of H subunits declined (adenocarcinomas 47.3% H subunits) in dedifferentiated carcinomas to 37.1% on the average which demonstrate a tendency of increased malignancy. The LDH isoenzyme distribution of malignant tumours is correlated with the degree of histological differentiation of these tumours, which is important for the clinical prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

LH-hCG receptors and testosterone content during differentiation of the testis in the rabbit embryo.

The development of gonadotropin receptors for LH and hCG in the fetal rabbit testis from 17-29 days of gestation was followed by quantitative binding studies with [125I]iodohCG and compared with gonadal testosterone content and the histological differentiation of the fetal Leydig cells. The concentrations of gonadotropin receptors and testosterone in the fetal testis were low on days 17 and 18 and increased strikingly on day 19. This time sequence for development of LH-hCG receptors and steroid content of the testis was correlated exactly with the histological appearance of the endoplasmic reticulum characteristic of the differentiated Leydig cell. When fetal testes were examined at 12-h intervals between days 17 and 19, gonadotropin binding and testosterone content were closely correlated at all times studied. Thus, no dissociation between the two functions was demonstrable in the testis at any time during gestation. In the fetal ovary, LH-hCG binding and testosterone content were low or undetectable at all stages of gestation. These observations demonstrate a close temporal relationship between the appearance of the LH-hCG receptor and the synthesis of testosterone by the fetal testis and demonstrate that the histological and functional differentiation of the Leydig cell occurs within a few hours at approximately day 18 of gestation. The simultaneous appearance of LH-hCG receptors and testosterone synthesis in the gonad can be regarded as the biochemical manifestations of Leydig cell differentiation in the testis of the fetal rabbit.

Aging↗
PubMed1978

Whipple's disease of the lung.

Described here is a unique case of Whipple's disease in a 54 year old man with chronic severe cough and gastrointestinal symptoms in whom the initial diagnosis of Whipple's disease was made by lung biopsy. This is, to our knowledge, the first reported case in which the bacilliform structures of Whipple's disease have been demonstrated in tissues from other than the gastrointestinal tract of lymph nodes. Subsequently, a peroral biopsy of the small intestine was performed and revealed identical and pathognomonic features of Whipple's disease. The pulmonary roentgenologic findings are described and the histologic differential diagnosis of histiocytic infiltrates in the lung, which may be histologically similar to Whipple's disease, are briefly reviewed.

Histiocytes↗
PubMed1977

Radical pancreatoduodenectomy for cancer of the papilla of Vater.

Over a 22-year span, 87 patients with carcinoma of the papilla of Vater underwent radical pancreatoduodenectomy. No patient was lost to follow-up, and extended observation was possible in most cases: the definitive operation was at least five years earlier than this study in 87% and at least ten years earlier in 73%. Operative mortality was 11.5% among patients who had a single definitive operative procedure and 15.4% among those whose treatment involved reoperation after prior exploration elsewhere. Overall survival rates at two, five, and ten years were 56%, 34%, and 20% respectively. Factors associated with favorable survival were histologic differentiation (Broders grades 1 and 2), absence of nodal metastasis, and papillary histologic characteristics. Noteworthy is the fact that no patient having resection of an undifferentiated carcinoma (Broders grade 3 or 4) survived four years.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗