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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Modification of the thrombocyte function using hormonal contraception. 1. Thrombocyte count, thrombocyte propagation and platelet aggregation under hormonal contraception].

The number of platelets, spreading and aggregation of platelets in plasma of 102 women treated with Ovosiston, an anticonceptive agent, were investigated. A significant increase of the number of platelets, spreading and aggregation of platelets was observed. Conclusions from isolated observations are not possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Problems of male contraception. 2. Male hormonal contraception, post-testicular points of attack, immunization and enzyme inhibition].

In principle control of male fertility is possible by mechanical, surgical and pharmacological methods. However, up to now only the following mechanical and surgical procedures are practicable: coitus interruptus, coitus condomatus and vasectomy. Since the safety of the latter is comparable to the pill, vasectomy is a major alternative to the contraceptive methods used by the female partner. Practical aspects of vasectomy and possible complications are reviewed. Finally, pharmacological approaches and problems involved in the control of male fertility are discussed with special reference to antispermatogenic substances, steroid hormones, immunization and enzyme inhibitors. The concept of antienzymatic contraception is based on the inhibition of penetration of enzymes (acrosin) localized within the acrosomal cap. Unfortunately, penetration of most of the acrosin inhibitors into the acrosome to inactivate acrosin is prevented by the high selectivity of the acrosomal membranes. Thus, pharmacological control of male fertility is still far from being practicable.

Acrosin↗
PubMed1979

[Hormonal contraception (author's transl)].

Hormonal contraceptives will continue to be used for some time to come as the safest means by which to prevent pregnancy. This is the background against which an account is given of the forms of hormonal contraception, their safety, selection of preparations, prescription for young people, side-effects, contra-indication to prescription, and indication for discontinuation.--In the context of side-effects, particular reference is made to the effects of steroids upon fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism, the cardiovascular system, and early pregnancy.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1976

[Liver function in hormonal contraception].

Numerous interactions between hormonal contraceptives and liver function have been described. Changed laboratory results do not represent obligatory pathologic conditions or hepatotoxi effects. Some of these changed results are transient, suggesting that liver cells are capable of adaptation. The use of oral contraceptives is contraindicated in the following liver diseases: - recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (recurrent jaundice of pregnancy, Dubin-Johnson syndrome, Rotor syndrome); - acute disturbances of liver function. In general it is recommended that hormonal contraceptives should not be used by patients with biliary cirrhosis although some authors have stated that chronic disturbances of liver function did not appear to be aggravated by these agents. Impairment of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism needs careful control of the laboratory tests concerned. Due to its low frequency the increased risk of gallstones does not necessitate the withdrawal of the medication. Up to now the interrelationship between the use of contraceptive steroids and the induction of hepatic tumours has not been proven.

5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase↗
PubMed1976

[Changes of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system under contraceptive steroids. Contribution to the etiology of hypertension under hormonal contraceptives].

Treatment with hormonal contraceptives leads to a considerable stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system. First of all, there is a 2,5- to 4fold increase of renin substrate synthesis in the liver. As a consequence, more angiotensin I and angiotensin II are released. Angiotensin II stimulates the secretion of aldosterone in the adrenals, thus producing a higher aldosterone concentration in plasma. The urinary excretion of aldosterone is elevated to a lesser degree, probably because of the simultaneously increased binding of aldosterone to plasma proteins. The release of renin is suppressed to 50% by negative feedback mechanisms. Some possible factors in the etiology of hypertension induced by oral contraceptives are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Problem of oral surgical interventions during pregnancy, menstruation and under the intake of hormonal contraceptives].

Pregnancy, menstruation and hormonal contraceptives are no contraindications for necessary oral surgical procedures. If the pregnancy takes a normal course, surgical interventions with absolute indication are possible at any time. Surgical interventions with relative indication should be performed during the second trimester of pregnancy. The dental treatment of pregnant women should be terminated, as far as possible, by the 7th or 8th month of pregnancy. Metabolic imbalances, static loading and gingival changes deserve special attention.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

Hormonal contraceptives and women's sleep health: A systematic review.

Sex hormones and hormonal contraceptives influence the regulation of sleep-wake behavior. However, there are very few large-scale studies to date that have comprehensively evaluated how hormonal contraceptives influence women's sleep health. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the existing research on hormonal contraceptive use and sleep in women ages 18-50. The systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement checklist. Nineteen studies were included in this review. Data were extracted and evaluated for risk of bias and heterogeneity. The included studies demonstrated high heterogeneity in terms of objective and/or subjective sleep-related measures and non-sleep primary study outcomes and demonstrated significant risks of bias, underscoring the need for methodological consistency in assessing women's sleep health. Several clinical considerations may be gleaned from this existing research in terms of the behavioral assessment and treatment of sleep difficulties in women using hormonal contraceptives. Additional investigation is needed to identify standardized research and clinical methodology guidelines for assessing and treating women's sleep health.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[Voice disorders following the use of hormonal contraceptives].

Voice disorders due to hormonal contraceptives in twenty-six patients are reported. All patients are working in occupations with a strong use for their voices especially of the singing voice. The disorders are primarily caused by norsteroid containing preparations (Non-Ovlon). Therefore these preparations should not be applied for patients in voice professions. With regard to good prophylactic measures and an early diagnosis a regular joint gynaecological and phoniatric examination is recommended.

Contraceptives, Oral↗
PubMed1979

[Hormonal contraceptives and high blood pressure (author's transl)].

The aim of this report is to offer an explanation for the high incidence of arterial hypertension in women taken hormone contraceptives. The real incidence of this association has been considered in women initially having a normal blood pressure and in others who had high blood pressure before using these contraceptives. The estrogen and progestogen components in hormone contraceptives were analyzed individually in various studies. The most recent investigations seem to indicate that progestogen is the main cause of high blood pressure. Different mechanism that could link hormone contraceptives to high blood pressure were investigated. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis involving the action of estrogens and progestogens on the renin substrate, plasma renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone were analyzed. Another possible mechanism could involve glucocorticoids, altering the metabolism of glucose, pyruvate, cholesterol, and triglycerides, Kidney disease involving renal function, microangiopathic anemia, and renal thromboembolism; hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (noraepinephrine and dopamine-beta-hidroxylase blood levels); prostaglandins; genetic mechanism; and individual mechanism were all taken into consideration. Lastly the priorities of the different systems linking high blood pressure to hormone contraceptives and the relationships between them are analyzed.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1979

Ovulation recovery after hormonal contraception.

In an attempt to study the ovulation recovery after hormonal contraception, 20 patients who were on B. C. P. (birth control pills) during 12--36 months, were switched to I. U. D. contraception, and the ovarian changes occurred were assessed by laparoscopy and laparoscopic ovarian biopsy. Fresh corpus leuteum was found in 12 cases (60%), some follicular activity in 4 cases (20%) and no signs of activity in 4 cases (20%). Our results suggest that neither the length of hormonal contraception nor the patient's age have any particular influence upon the return of ovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Dinitrochlorobenzene sensitisation test in women on hormonal contraceptives.

Cell-mediated immunity was measured in women on hormonal contraceptives using the 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (D.N.C.B.) sensitisation test. Three groups of women were studied: forty-eight women were taking oral contraceptives of combined oestrogen/progestogen (thirty-seven of them had used oral contraceptives for a year or longer); twelve women were using a sequential pill (ethinyloestradiol and megestrolacetate); and sixteen women had received intramuscular injections of medroxyprogesterone acetate. The results were compared with those of a control group of twenty-nine age-matched women not taking contraceptive steroids. In women on the combined contraceptive pill and those who had received intramuscular progesterone, mean D.N.C.B. reactivity was significantly increased. The results were even more striking in women who had used combined contraceptive pills for more than one year. These results do not accord with the previously reported decrease in cell-mediated immunity in women on hormonal contraceptives.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Hormonal contraception for adolescents? (author's transl)].

Pregnancy in adolescence is seldom planned. If an adolescent girl comes to the doctor with a pressing desire for hormonal contraception, the many risks must be weighed against each other. Endocrinologically the "post-pill amenorrhea" and later reduced fertility are quantitatively of little importance. Developmentally and psychologically the danger of delayed growth as a result of the steroids present in the ovulation inhibitors is small. It is particularly important to weight the perinatal risks of an unwanted pregnancy against the risks of a hormonal contraceptive. Among the psychosocial factors impaired development of personality is prominent. Altogether, an unwanted pregnancy carries considerably more risk for an adolescent girl than hormonal contraception.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Changes in the endometrium from the use of hormonal preparations and hormonal contraceptives].

The paper analyses changes in the uterine mucosa caused by the use of hormone drugs, including hormonal contraceptives and studied by light and electron microscopy. Special emphasis is given to changes caused by overdosage of the drugs. Long-term usage of estrogens and progesterone, both separately and particularly in combination, results in marked atrophy and slcerosis of not only uterine mucosa but also of the uterus itself. In women over 35, a long-term oral use of hormonal contraceptives may lead to the development of thromboses and thromboembolias. Therapeutic suggestions are given for different changes of the mucosa revealed by histological studies. A reliable diagnosis should be based on both morphological and functional aspects.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Liver cell adenoma associated with oral contraceptive hormone therapy.

A patient receiving oral contraceptive hormone therapy developed a hepatic adenoma. Widespread haemorrhages, which were apparently unrelated to trauma, developed in the adenoma. Attention is drawn to the increasing incidence of Pill-associated hepatic tumours, and to the possibility of a fatal haemorrhage.

Adult↗