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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Cancer of the prostate: early diagnosis by zinc and hormone analysis?

Zinc, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations have been measured in normal prostatic tissue and in specimens obtained from untreated patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and carcinoma of the prostate (CaP). The metal--androgen relationship was examined and related to the pathological condition of the patients. The evidence suggests that discriminant analysis combining the hormonal data into a single variable is a reliable test for distinguishing between BPH and CaP patients. We have observed that the high Zn values found in BPH specimens were always associated with a DTH:T ratio greater than 1. Androgen tissue ratios less than 1 were characteristic of all CaP specimens, and these were usually preceded by a reduction in prostatic Zn concentration. Since these patterns, particularly those associated with neoplasia, precede the clinical manifestations, they may be used as an index for predicting the onset of carcinoma in the prostate gland. They may also be of value in monitoring the progress of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Hormonal analysis and delayed hypersensitivity reactions in identical twins with severe acne.

Identical twins aged 17 and another pair aged 21 are described. One pair had febrile ulcerative conglobate acne; the other, cystic acne. The location of acne, the type of the lesions and the course of the disease were very similar in the two twins of each pair. The testosterone levels of the 17-year-old pair varied and their acne was in the active stage, while the 21-year-old pair had high testosterone levels and their acne was abating. The 17-year-old pair had negative Mantoux reactions and they reacted negatively to DNCB sensitization. The authors suggest that acne skin may have a certain genetically determined local factor, e.g. hormone receptor, which gives rise to acne in a certain hormonal situation.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1977

Chromosome aberrations and sister-chromatid exchange in workers in chemical laboratories and a rotoprinting factory and in children of women laboratory workers.

Cultured lymphocytes from 73 workers in chemical laboratories and the printing industry were found to have a significantly increased frequency of chromatid and isochromatid breaks, in comparison with 49 control subjects (42 adults and 7 children). An increase of the same magnitude was also found in 14 children, aged 4 days--11 yr, of 11 women laboratory workers who had worked during pregnancy. A significant correlation between age and frequency of chromosome aberrations was noted for both the exposed and control children but not for the adults. The frequency of sister-chromomatid exchange was significantly increased in 12 technicians working in laboratories performing hormone analysis. 4 children of 2 female technicians working during pregnancy also had a significnatly increased frequency of sister-chromatid exchange. The cause and biological significance of these findings are not yet known.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Antenatal diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

The concentration of 17-OH-progesterone (17-OHP) was measured retrospectively in a second-trimester amniotic-fluid sample obtained from a mother who had an infant with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The concentration was more than three times the mean amniotic-fluid-17OHP concentration determined in pregnancies of comparable gestational age with normal outcome. In four further pregnancies tested, where the parents were heterozygous for CAH, amniotic-fluid concentrations of 17-OHP were normal. To date, three of the mothers have delivered normal infants. CAH can be detected in early pregnancy by specific radioimmunoassay techniques for steroid-hormone analysis in amniotic fluid. This antenatal test could be useful in those cases in which parents do not wish to risk having affected offspring.

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction↗
PubMed2026

Cultivar-dependent regulation of cytokinin biosynthesis in wheat: developmental expression of TaIPT genes and hormonal crosstalk during reproductive development.

BACKGROUND: Cytokinins are key regulators of plant growth, reproductive development, and yield formation. In cereals, cytokinin biosynthesis is catalyzed by isopentenyltransferase (IPT) enzymes, yet the genomic organization and developmental regulation of IPT genes in polyploid wheat remain incompletely understood, especially at the cultivar level. RESULTS: Here, we present an integrated genomic, transcriptional, and hormonal analysis of the TaIPT gene family during vegetative and reproductive development in two wheat cultivars, awnless Kontesa and awned Ostka. Genome-wide analysis identified nine core TaIPT genes represented by 25 homoeologs distributed across the A, B, and D subgenomes, for which a unified nomenclature was established. Phylogenetic analysis resolved TaIPTs into conserved evolutionary clades corresponding to ATP/ADP-dependent and tRNA-dependent IPT groups. Expression profiling revealed distinct spatial and temporal patterns of TaIPT transcription across roots, leaves, inflorescences, and developing spikes. Several TaIPT genes showed enhanced expression during early reproductive stages, coinciding with dynamic changes in cytokinin concentrations. Comparative analyses revealed cultivar-specific expression and co-variation patterns, with Kontesa displaying more compartmentalized TaIPT expression and Ostka showing coordinated activation of multiple TaIPT genes during early grain development. Hormone profiling further indicated stage-dependent associations between TaIPT expression, cytokinin metabolism, and the balance between cytokinins and abscisic acid. These relationships are interpreted as correlative and provide a framework for future functional testing rather than direct evidence of causality. CONCLUSIONS: Together, these results provide a cultivar-focused framework for understanding the organization and regulation of cytokinin biosynthesis genes in wheat. The data highlight cultivar-dependent TaIPT expression patterns and their association with cytokinin dynamics during reproductive development, while also identifying the need for homoeolog-specific and functional validation. This study establishes a foundation for future research on cytokinin-mediated regulation of wheat growth and grain development.

Triticum↗
PubMed1979

Changes of serum testosterone and of LH-RH test after treatment of cryptorchidism by intranasal LH-RH.

The aim of the present investigation was to study, in a collaborative double-blind study, the treatment with intranasal LH-RH application of boys aged 1 1/2 to 12 years, who suffered from unilateral or bilateral cryptorchidism. A total of 88 subjects were randomly and blindly allocated to LH-RH and placebo therapy. Before and after 4 weeks of treatment basal testosterone serum levels were estimated and LH-RH tests were performed. Intranasal treatment with LH-RH resulted in partial or complete descents of testes in 23 out of 88 patients, whereas the position of testes remained unchanged in 17 subjects. 42 boys did not respond to placebo therapy, but complete descents were observed in 6 boys of the placebo group. Hormone analysis data of 4 different laboratories were recorded and statistically evaluated. No changes of LH, FSH and testosterone were found in the placebo groups. Only patients of the Frankfurt group responded to LH-RH test with augmented LH release after therapy (P less than 0.05). All patients treated with intranasal LH-RH showed a significant decrease of FSH release after therapy (P less than 0.05 to P less than 0.01). Basal testosterone serum levels were found to be increased after therapy only in the patients treated at Zürich (P less than 0.05). Data of the present study combine to suggest that chronic application of LH-RH may result in an overstimulation phenomenon, and that LH-RH test as well as basal testosterone levels cannot be used as prognostic index of therapy efficacy.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1977

Radioimmunoassays of ethinyl-norgestrienone (R-2323) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and their clinical applicability.

Radioimmunoassays for 2 synthetic progestins (Ethinyl-norgestrienone, R 2323 and medroxyprogesterone acetate, MPA) are demonstrated. 10 patients aged 31 to 72 years were treated with ethinyl-norgestrienone with different schedules and 3 men suffering from benign prostatic hypertrophy were treated with medroxygesterone acetate. Plasma levels of testosterone, LH, FSH were monitored before, during and after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pituitary and ovarian response to acute stimulation with LH-RH in normal and anovulatory women.

The LH FSH estradiol and progesterone responses to acute stimulation with LH-RH were studied in 12 normal women with ovulatory cycles (4 in the initial follicular phase, 4 in the mid-follicular phase and 4 in the late follicular phase) and in two castrated women, two under hormonal contraception, two with ovarian amenorrhea, twelve with central amenorrhea of no detectable origin (6 with normal and 6 with low basal gonadotrophins), eleven anovulatory patients with pseudomenstruation, two with anorexia nervosa, and two with pituitary amenorrhea. Each woman received a rapid i.v. injection of 100 microgram synthetic LH-RH at 9:00 a.m. Serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay in samples collected before and 60, 120, 240 and 480 minutes after injection. The findings were : 1) A significant rise in estradiol and progesterone levels, in addition to LH and FSH elevation, in normal women; 2) A lack of ovarian steroid response in the castrated women and in ovarian amenorrheas, which suggests that the source of steroid response to stimulation is not extragonadal; 3) Significant differences in the responses of the four hormones to LH-RH in the women with central amenorrhea in comparison with the normal group with great variability of results; the steroid response in the presence of a positive LH response might correlate with the severity and/or prognosis of the disorder, a point deserving further study; 4) In anovulatory women with pseudomenstruation, LH responses for the most part normal, and particularly, progesterone responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Pure crystalline estradiol pellet implantation for contraception.

The subcutaneous implantation of estradiol pellets was found to be a simple and effective contraceptive method with good patient acceptance and minimal untoward effects. The pellets (25 mg each) were implanted through a Kearn's trocar into the abdominal wall, 2.5 to 5 cm above and parallel to Poupart's ligament. The regimen began with four pellets, and the dose was maintained or decreased by one pellet every 6 months (four, three, two, one). A potent progestogen was utilized monthly for induction of withdrawal bleeding. Altogether, 236 patients were followed for a total of 1,060 courses in 6,360 cycles (489,02 woman-years). Two pregnancies occurred during therapy. Pearl's index was 0.37. No significant alterations occurred in body weight and blood pressure. Glucose tolerance test, standard blood profiles, and Papanicolaou smears were normal during therapy. No cases of thrombophlebitis, blurred vision, headaches, gastric symptoms, or amenorrhea-galactorrhea were observed. The suppression of ovulation was confirmed by endometrial biopsies, basal body temperature, and serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and progesterone in a selected group of patients.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1975

Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism. Investigative procedures.

In patients with hypogonadism, the exact cause of the deficient androgenisation is not always clinically apparent. The data presented demonstrate that by means of hormone measurements, basally or after stimulation tests, the exact level of the lesion can usually be determined. This allows a decision with regard to appropriate therapy to be made on the basis of an accurate diagnosis. In many instances basal measurements of pituitary and gonadal hormones are all that is required to decide the level of the lesion. Care in interpreting basal levels is required, however, in view of methodological limitations and of known physiological variations with age, time of day and hour-to-hour fluctuations. If the basal hormone levels are borderline, or if the 'reserve function' of part or all of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis needs to be assessed, than the appropriate stimulation test should be performed. The indication for these stimulation procedures and results obtained in different conditions are described and problems of interpretation discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A syndrome of functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and sterility in a male with elevated serum estradiol.

A 36-year-old male complaining of impotence was examined. He was a genotypic male. Phenotypically, he exhibited signs of long-standing estrogen excess, such as feminine body build, gynecomastia, and varicose veins. His testes were soft and borderline small, and his prostate was small and soft. However, he had a normal-sized penis, normal male hair distribution, normal sense of smell, and normal intelligence. The laboratory data were compatible with mild hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Serum estradiol (E2) levels were consistently elevated. The patient had azoospermia and a decreased semen volume. Inappropriately low levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responded normally to gonadotropin-releasing hormone and clomiphene citrate. Levels of both testosterone (T) and E2 increased dramatically after prolonged clomiphene medication and in response to human chorionic gonadotropin. There was no change in either T or E2 levels in response to manipulations of the pituitary-adrenal axis. It is concluded that the elevated E2 level was responsible for suppression of gonadotropins which, in turn, caused mild hypogonadism and sterility in this patient. According to the stimulation tests, the source of the elevated E2 levels was testicular.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Immunoglobulins, proteinase inhibitors, albumin, and lysozyme in human cervical mucus. I. Communication: hormonal profiles and cervical mucus changes--methods and results.

The serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol-17beta, and progesterone were determined simultaneously with the concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA, C'3, alpha1-antitrypsin, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, alpha1x-antichymotrypsin, albumin, and lysozyme in cervical mucus during nine ovulatory cycles. Spinnbarkeit and ferning were also assessed, and the basal body temperature was measured and recorded during these cycles. The profiles were synchronized according to the LH peak. The midcycle period, characterized by the rapid increase and decline of estrogen and the beginning rise of progesterone, shows a prounced minimum of immunoglobulins, C'3, proteinase inhibitors, albumin, and lysozyme in cervical mucus, which is known to be most receptive to sperm penetration at this time. Although the variation of cervical mucus values is considerable during the early proliferative and the luteal phases, the midcycle values appear to be constantly low, showing slight differences among the profiles of the different parameters. The statistical evaluation and the assessment of the significance of parameters for ovulation detection and the assessment of the fertile period as well as the correlation of these parameters with basal body temperature will be the subject of the second communication of this series.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

Evaluation of metabolic, reproductive, and gut microbiota alterations in a comparative study of different preclinical models of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted, complex metabolic and endocrine disease where gut flora is considered an important factor in causing PCOS. This study aimed to identify a suitable PCOS model that contributes to gut microbial dysbiosis and metabolic and hormonal disturbances. Prepubertal SD rats were administered with normal control (NC), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), DHT with fructose (F), DHT+ high fat diet (HFD) for 91 days, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA with fructose, DHEA with HFD for 30 days, sodium valproate (SV), sodium valproate with fructose, and sodium valproate with HFD for 21 days. The estrous cycles were assessed over this timeframe. At the end of the experiment, superoxide dismutase and uterine and ovarian morphology were evaluated, along with hormone levels, lipid profiles, and 16S rRNA genomic sequencing. All models exhibited PCOS characteristics, including hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance (p ≤ .001), multiple follicular cysts on ultrasonography, and histological alterations. Gut microbial dysbiosis was observed across all PCOS-induced groups; however, the DHT alone group showed more pronounced alterations in microbial composition than the other experimental groups. Specifically, the DHT alone group exhibited reduced abundance of Firmicutes and increased abundance of Proteobacteria. Among the evaluated models, the DHT-only model showed more pronounced metabolic, hormonal, reproductive, and gut microbial alterations and may serve as a suitable model for PCOS research.

Animals↗