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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Suppression of seasonal allergic rhinitis symptoms with daily hydroxyzine.

The effectiveness of hydroxyzine in the suppression of allergic rhinitis symptoms was evaluated using a double-blind, parallel study design during the 1977 ragweed season. Forty-three subjects with positive ragweed skin tests and a history of an exacerbation of symptoms during August and September of the previous two years were randomly assigned to receive either hydroxyzine or placebo. Subjects scored the severity and duration of symptoms in a daily diary and adverse effects were evaluated from a structured interview at two-week intervals. Although drowsiness and dry mouth were frequent initially among the hydroxyzine-treated patients, these minor side effects rapidly disappeared as the dose was slowly increased, and all but one subject tolerated 150 mg/day. Subsequently, during the period of the highest ragweek pollen counts, the hydroxyzine-treated group spent significantly more days free of symptoms or with only mild sneezing, rhinorrhea, and eye symptoms than subjects who took placebo (p less than 0.05). Thus, hydroxyzine appeared to be well tolerated on a continuous daily basis and was effective in suppressing most of the symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Comparison of hydroxyzine with antihistamines more traditionally used for allergic rhinitis appears warranted.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relative efficacy and safety of loratadine, hydroxyzine, and placebo in chronic idiopathic urticaria and atopic dermatitis.

The subjects of this double-blind study were 59 patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria or atopic dermatitis randomly assigned to receive 10 mg of loratadine once daily and placebo twice daily (n = 20), 25 mg of hydroxyzine thrice daily (n = 20), or placebo thrice daily (n = 19). The patients (15 men, 44 women) were aged 18 to 65 years. Among the 18 patients with urticaria and 41 with atopic dermatitis, daily symptom scores decreased 43% and 57% in those receiving loratadine, 47% and 38% in those receiving hydroxyzine, and 0% and 33% in the placebo patients. The difference between the treated and placebo patients was significant among the urticaria patients. According to a global evaluation of treatment effects, more treated than placebo patients reported marked or complete symptom relief; among the patients with atopic dermatitis, the difference was significant between the loratadine and placebo patients. Somnolence or sedation during treatment was reported by one of the patients receiving loratadine, by eight of the hydroxyzine patients, and by two of the placebo patients; the difference between the loratadine and hydroxyzine patients was significant. It was concluded that loratadine is as effective as hydroxyzine in the treatment of urticaria and demonstrates a significant antipruritic effect in atopic dermatitis, but does not have the central nervous system effects of hydroxyzine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of pirbuterol and pirbuterol and hydroxyzine in patients with reversible airway obstruction.

The effects of single oral doses of pirbuterol 10 mg plus hydroxyzine 10 mg, and of pirbuterol 10 mg plus placebo, were compared in a single-blind cross-over trial in 17 adult patients with reversible airway obstruction. The initial bronchodilator response after the two treatments was similar, but mean specific airway conductance at 3, 4, 6 and 8 h, and mean FEV1 and FVC after 3 and 4 hours, were significantly higher after pirbuterol + hydroxyzine than after pirbuterol + placebo. The mean thoracic gas volume measured at 3 and 4 h was lower after pirbuterol + hydroxyzine. Heart rate, blood pressure and a continuous ECG record did not differ after the two treatments. The findings suggest that the combination of pirbuterol and hydroxyzine brings about more prolonged bronchodilatation in patients with reversible airway obstruction than does pirbuterol alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Simulated assembly line performance following ingestion of cetirizine or hydroxyzine.

Twelve healthy subjects participated in three daytime work periods, in a double-blind repeated measures Latin square design. Subjects received cetirizine (10 mg), hydroxyzine (25 mg), or placebo at 0800. Performance was measured each day during eight 50-minute test periods on a simulated assembly line task between 0830 and 1700. Before entry into the study, subjects were trained to a minimum 80% correction rate on the performance task. Performance decrements were consistently associated with hydroxyzine but not with cetirizine. Subjects made fewer correct responses with hydroxyzine compared with both cetirizine and placebo. Subjectively, participants reported feeling sleepier and performing worse during the hydroxyzine condition than following placebo. Cetirizine, however, did not differ from the other two conditions on self-assessments of alertness or performance. These findings support the hypothesis that objective measures of human functioning are more specific than are subjective measures.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Suppression of histamine-induced pruritus by hydroxyzine and various neuroleptics.

This study evaluates the ability of hydroxyzine and various neuroleptics to suppress histamine-induced pruritus in ten volunteer subjects with the use of a double-blind crossover protocol. The itch threshold was determined in each volunteer by intradermal injection of gradually increasing concentrations of histamine. Volunteers were then given the study drugs and placebo at the same interval of time, under near identical conditions, and the itch threshold was determined. Thiothixene, hydroxyzine hydrochloride, chlorpromazine, thioridazine, and a lactose placebo were evaluated. Compared to other drugs, hydroxyzine alone was more effective in the suppression of histamine-induced itch. Consequently, hydrozyzine may be more effective in histamine-induced pruritus. The neuroleptic drugs used in this study do not significantly suppress histamine-induced pruritus, but they may be beneficial in nonhistamine-induced pruritus or psychogenic pruritus.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of i.v. diazepam and hydroxyzine as surgical premedicants.

Diazepam and hydroxyzine as i.v. surgical premedicants were compared. A double-blind randomized sequence was used employing 7.5 and 15 mg of diazepam v. 75 and 150 mg of hydroxyzine. Each group consisted of 35 patients. Anxiety relief, sedation, lack of recall and patient acceptance were the principal assessments. Diazepam was superior to hydroxyzine in all respects. No serious side-effects were noted with either drug.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of droperidol, diazepam, and hydroxyzine hydrochloride as premedication.

A double-blind comparison of the efficacy and safety of droperidol (5 mg), hydroxyzine HCl (50 mg), diazepam (5 mg), and saline placebo, given concomitantly with meperidine (50 or 75 mg) for preoperative medication, was conducted in 280 female patients scheduled for minor gynecologic procedures. Droperidol proved to significantly superior to the other study drugs in alleviating apprehension (83% of patients calm versus 54, 46, and 34% for hydroxyzine, diazepam, and placebo, respectively). Some drowsiness, occurred in 68 percent of the droperidol-treated patients versus 31, 30, and 21 percent of the other 3 groups, respectively. Global evaluations were consistent with these findings. No clinically significant changes were observed in vital signs in any of the study-drug groups. Adverse reactions were unremarkable in all groups. Significantly less nausea occurred with droperidol than with other treatments, and signficantly less vomiting occurred with droperidol or hydroxyzine. Significantly fewer patients in the droperidol group than in the diazepam group required postoperative antiemetics.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in airway resistance following droperidol, hydroxyzine, and diazepam in normal volunteers.

The effects of droperidol, hydroxyzine, and diazepam on airway resistance (AR), functional residual capacity (FRC), and thoracic gas volume (TGV) were compared, using a CPI model-2000 body plethysmograph. Significant decreases in AR were seen following droperidol and hydroxyzine at all time intervals. A significant increase in AR also was noted 90 minutes after diazepam injection. FRC significantly decreased at 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes following droperidol, and at 90 minutes following hydroxyzine, while no change was seen following diazepam. No significant changes in TGV were seen following administration of any of the drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of hydroxyzine on attention and memory in elderly subjects].

A single intake of hydroxyzine 25 mg was compared to placebo, and lorazepam 1 mg as a verum, in a double-blind, triple-crossover trial. Each of the 12 elderly volunteers was tested on three different days, once under each condition. At 2.5 hours after drug intake they were assessed or reassessed for attention, immediate and delayed (30') memory, cognitive ability and feelings of anxiety and fatigue. Some subjects mentioned a minimal sedation under hydroxyzine 25 mg and under lorazepam 1 mg, but only hydroxyzine preserved memory and attention, while lorazepam caused clear deficiencies in memory recall.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Relative efficacy and safety of loratadine, hydroxyzine, and placebo in chronic idiopathic urticaria.

The efficacy and safety of a new non-sedating antihistamine, loratadine (Clarityn, CAS 79794-75-5) 10 mg q.d., was compared to the classical antihistamine, hydroxyzine 25 mg t.i.d. and placebo in a 4-week (optional 12 week) randomized, double-blind, multi-center study in 203 patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. Efficacy evaluations included weekly physician and patient assessments of pruritus, overall disease condition, and therapeutic response to treatment. Loratadine and hydroxyzine were significantly more effective than placebo and clinically comparable to each other as measured by all efficacy evaluations at each visit. Loratadine was safe and well tolerated with sedation and dry mouth similar to placebo and significantly less than hydroxyzine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The efficacy of oral theophylline and the combination of theophylline + hydroxyzine in chronic bronchial asthma.

The efficacy of 265 mg theophylline (150 mg of the theophylline being slow-release) and the combination of 265 mg theophylline + 7.5 mg hydroxyzine hydrochloride were compared in a double-blind cross-over placebo-controlled study in 12 patients with chronic reversible bronchial asthma. The patients took their drugs at 7.00 a.m., 1.00 p.m. and 7.00 p.m. During the trial the patients measured their peak expiratory flow (PEF) every day at 7.00 a.m., 10.00 a.m. and 9.30 p.m. The frequency and severity of symptoms and side-effects as well as the auxiliary use of isoprenaline inhalations were also recorded. The trial involved three three-day periods. Both oral theophylline and the combination of theophylline + hydroxyzine caused significant improvements in PEF in all measurement times. The PEF-level was higher when the combination was used than with plain theophylline, though the difference was not significant. Only the combination of theophylline + hydroxyzine had a significant effect on the symptoms, and the use of additional isoprenaline inhalations was also reduced during the combination period. Side-effects were minimal. Circadian variation of bronchial obstruction was seen in all these patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

[Thin-layer chromatographic technic for the semiquantitative determination of hydroxyzine residues in animal material].

The solution behaviour of hydroxyzine in water and chloroform (in the strongly alkaline and the strongly acidic range) is utilized to extract it from animal material and to purify the extract. A concentration of 0.01 p.p.m. is detectable in liver, kidneys and muscular substance. 0.05 p.p.m. may be determined semiquantitatively by visual spot comparison. In milk, the detectable amount is 0.1 p.p.m. and 0.5 p.p.m. can be determined semiquantitatively. The recoveries of low concentrations of hydroxyzine are likely to be lower in milk samples than in organ samples.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Sensitive assay for determination of hydroxyzine in plasma and its human pharmacokinetics.

An assay suitable for hydroxyzine determination in human plasma following therapeutic doses was developed. The method involves GLC and chemical-ionization mass spectrometry of the acetate derivatives of hydroxyzine and of a pentadeuterated analog internal standard. Following administration of 100-mg single oral doses to normal male volunteers, peak plasma concentrations of approximately 80 ng/ml were observed; the half-life of drug removal was approximately 3 hr.

Half-Life↗
PubMed1992

Cleft lip repair using intramuscular hydroxyzine sedation and local anesthesia.

Intramuscular hydroxyzine was used alone for sedation in 18 cleft lip repairs with patients under 6 weeks of age. After injection of local anesthesia, the infants were quiet throughout the procedure. Blood pressure, pulse, respiration, and temperatures were normal throughout and the oxygen saturation remained above 94% in all cases. There were no complications noted with this series of patients and no patient required conversion to general anesthesia. Intramuscular hydroxyzine combined with local anesthesia and nerve block has been found to be a safe and effective method for cleft lip repairs in selected neonates under 6 weeks of age.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of combined administration of ethyl alcohol with caffeine and hydroxyzine on cardiac minute volume and stroke volume in rabbits.

The effect of combined administration of ethyl alcohol with caffeine and hydroxyzine on cardiac volume and vascular resistance was studied. Combined administration of these compounds diminished cardiac stroke volume and minute output and increased general vascular resistance. Simultaneous administration of ethanol with caffeine and hydroxyzine exerts an unfavorable effect on haemodynamics of circulatory system.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Physicochemical stability of a preanesthetic mixture of hydroxyzine hydrochloride and atropine sulfate.

The stability of a combination of hydroxyzine hydrochloride and atropine sulfate stored in syringes was studied. Syringes containing the two drugs were stored at 25 C and 3 C for ten days and analyzed at specific time intervals. Absorption spectra, chromatographic characteristics and pH were determined. Results showed the admixture to be stable for ten days at room temperature or under refrigeration. The technique used would probably not detect any significant degradation of atropine sulfate unless the reaction occurred with the hydroxyzine hydrochloride.

Atropine↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of salbutamol and ephedrine in oral bronchodilator combinations with theophylline and hydroxyzine: their effects on asthmatics.

The efficacies of three antiasthamatic bronchodilator combinations were compared using data obtained from sixteen patients. During the trial the patients measured their peak expiratory flow (PEF) every day at 7.00 a.m., 10.00 a.m. and 9.30 pm. Six patients also measured their PEF at 1.30 a.m. The frequency and severity of symptoms and side-effects as well as the auxiliary use of isoprenaline inhalations were also recorded. This double-blind cross-over trial consisted of five four-day periods including three periods with different drug combinations and two placebo periods. By increasing the sympathomimetic activity of the basic oral drug combination of theophylline and hydroxyzine with salbutamol or ephedrine the therapeutic effect of the combination was also increased although not statistically significantly. All combinations tested differed significantly from placebo in their effect. Harmful side-effects increased in proportion to the potency of the sympathomimetic drug used in the combination; they were minimal during treatment with the basic theophylline-hydroxyzine combination. Circadian variation of bronchial obstruction was a constant phenomenon in all asthmatics participating in this trial.

Administration, Oral↗