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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Diagnosis of Hymenoptera hypersensitivity by skin testing with Hymenoptera venoms.

This double-blind study provides evidence that skin testing with dialyzed Hymenoptera venoms is a more accurate, reliable method of diagnosing hypersensitivity to the sting of honeybee, yellow jacket, yellow hornet, white-faced hornet, and wasp than is skin testing with the corresponding whole body diagnostic allergenic extract. Furthermore, the incidence of false-positives was greatly reduced by using the dialyzed Hymenoptera venom (HDV) diagnosis. In this clinical trial, most sensitive individuals had skin test reactions greater than the diluent control at concentrations of 1 mug/ml or below. Levels of venom diagnostic of 100 mug/ml appeared to produce nonspecific local irritation. Skin test with whole body diagnostic allergenic extract did not produce a consistent differentiation between sensitive and nonsensitive individuals. No untoward reactions were seen using the dialyzed Hymenoptera venom (HDV) diagnostic.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Ampulex clypecomplana Chen & Li (Hymenoptera: Ampulicidae).

Ampulex clypecomplana Chen & Li, 2010 (Hymenoptera: Ampulicidae) is an important predatory insect in Hymenoptera. However, molecular information about this predatory insect is currently limited. In this study, we employed ONT long-read sequencing, MGI-SEQ short-read sequencing, Hi-C sequencing and transcriptomic data to assemble the high-quality genome of A. clypecomplana. The genome assembly length was 338.43 Mb, with a Scaffold N50 length of 19.05 Mb. Our BUSCO analysis further confirmed the gene coverage completeness of the genome assembly to be 99.2%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that A. clypecomplana appeared approximately 132 million years ago. We annotated 110.75 Mb of repetitive sequences, accounting for 32.72% of the entire genome. In A. clypecomplana, we identified 180 gene expansions and 1029 genes that underwent contraction or loss. The high-quality genome of A. clypecomplana provides a valuable genetic resource for future research in evolution, molecular biology, and applied studies.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Large-scale Genome Analyses Provide Insights into Hymenoptera Evolution.

The order Hymenoptera includes a large number of species with diverse lifestyles and is known for its significant contributions to natural ecosystems. To better understand the evolution of this diverse order, we performed large-scale comparative genomics on 131 species from 13 superfamilies, covering most representative groups. We used these genomes to reveal an overall pattern of genomic change in terms of gene content and evolutionary rate throughout hymenopteran history. We identified genes that possibly contributed to the evolution of several key innovations, such as parasitoidism, wasp-waist, stinger, and secondary phytophagy. We also discovered the distinct genomic trajectories between the clade containing major parasitoid wasps (Parasitoida) and stinging species (Aculeata) since their divergence, which are involved in many aspects of genomic change, such as rapidly evolving gene families, gene gain and loss, and metabolic pathway evolution. In addition, we explored the genomic features accompanying the three independent evolution of secondary phytophagy. Our work provides insights for understanding genome evolution and the genomic basis of diversification in Hymenoptera.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

An analysis of Wolbachia incidence and genetics in non-ant Hymenoptera diversity.

Wolbachia bacteria are widespread maternally inherited symbionts of Nematoda and diverse Arthropoda hosts. Their evolutionary success is determined by the ability to affect the biology of the host in different ways, promoting the relative fitness of females harbouring Wolbachia, as well as sporadic cases of horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between different host species. Here, we revised Wolbachia infection in the Hymenoptera with respect to the symbiont occurrence in host taxa and Wolbachia genetics. The representatives of about half of the extant families and 1000 out of 140,000 non-ant hymenopteran species have been tested for Wolbachia infection. We concluded that Wolbachia are found in all major hymenopteran families. More than 75% of Wolbachia diversity belongs to the A supergroup, whereas other variants belong to the B supergroup and only two isolates belong to the supergroup F. One of the main results of this study is the discovery of a specific Wolbachia genetic pattern (based on multilocus sequence typing [MLST]) in Apoidea hosts. Two haplotypes, ST-479 and ST-wH14, along with their alleles within other sequence types (STs), form the core of symbiont diversity, comprising 81% of unique host-Wolbachia ST associations. These haplotypes have not been reported beyond the Apoidea superfamily or Hymenoptera order. The reasons and mechanisms underlying this pattern in Apoidea remain unknown. Another important result of our study concerns the use of the MLST protocol, which has been previously criticised. We analysed 51 Wolbachia genomes for the average nucleotide identity (ANI) and MLST data, and found that genome and MLST variation are highly correlated. Therefore, the MLST protocol for Wolbachia remains reliable for many research tasks.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

The genome sequence of an ichneumonid wasp, Netelia melanura (Thomson, 1888) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae).

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Netelia melanura (ichneumonid wasp; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Ichneumonidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 253.87 megabases. Most of the assembly (94.81%) is scaffolded into 7 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 28.04 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces reference genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

Netelia melanura; ichneumonid wasp; genome sequenc↗
PubMed2026

The genome sequence of an ichneumonid wasp, Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst, 1829) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae).

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Venturia canescens (ichneumonid wasp; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Ichneumonidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 299.96 megabases. Most of the assembly (97.25%) is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 27.35 kilobases. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 14 281 protein-coding genes. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces reference genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

Hymenoptera↗
PubMed2026

The genome sequence of the brown tree ant, Lasius brunneus (Latreille, 1798) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Lasius brunneus (Brown Ant; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Formicidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 264.94 megabases. Most of the assembly (97.62%) is scaffolded into 15 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 18.03 kilobases. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 15 125 protein-coding genes. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

Hymenoptera↗
PubMed2026

The genome sequence of an ichneumonid wasp, Ophion crassicornis Brock, 1982 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae).

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Ophion crassicornis (ichneumonid wasp; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Ichneumonidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 726.34 megabases. Most of the assembly (98.51%) is scaffolded into 13 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 38.03 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

Hymenoptera↗
PubMed2026

The genome sequence of an ichneumonid wasp, Promethes sulcator (Gravenhorst, 1829) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae).

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Promethes sulcator (ichneumonid wasp; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Ichneumonidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 278.74 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.67%) is scaffolded into 10 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 29.43 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

Hymenoptera↗
PubMed1976

Diagnosis of allergy to stinging insects by skin testing with Hymenoptera venoms.

SKin testing was done on 30 patients with a history of anaphylactic reactions after a Hymenoptera sting and on 30 control subjects. The patients all had positive basophilhistamine release to one or more venoms on challenge with the specific venoms used for skin testing (honey bee, yellow jacket, white-faced hornet, yellow hornet, and Polistes). At 0.1 mug of venom/ml and at 1.0 mug of venom/ml, 75% and 100%, respectively, of the sensitive patients had a positive skin test. There was a significant (P less than 0.001) correlation between skin test and histamine release results. Of the 150 skin tests in control patients, only 1 was positive. Venom skin tests provide, for the first time, a simple, readily available technique to accurately diagnose allergy to stinging insects.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed2026

The first two complete mitochondrial genomes for the genus Neotrichoporoides (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) and their phylogenetic analysis.

Neotrichoporoides belongs to the family Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). As a group of parasitic wasps, it plays an indispensable role in the biological control of agricultural and forest pests and in maintaining ecosystem balance. To date, only nine complete mitochondrial genomes of Eulophidae have been sequenced worldwide, including the two newly sequenced species in this study. To enrich our understanding of the mitochondrial genomic diversity of Eulophidae and to provide preliminary insights into its phylogenetic relationships, we sequenced and comparatively analyzed the mitochondrial genomes of two Neotrichoporoides species. The mitogenomes of N. nyemitawus (GenBank: PZ188956; 15,164 bp) and N. viridimaculatus (GenBank: PX794932; 15,297 bp) contain 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and one control region (CR), and exhibit a strong AT bias, with AT contents of 85.5% and 85.0%, respectively. We further analyzed mitochondrial gene rearrangements across 17 species from Encyrtidae, Eulophidae and Pteromalidae and summarized family-specific rearrangement characteristics. tRNA rearrangements were detected in all three families. Eulophidae harbors conserved PCGs, while the inverse transposition of trnA and transposition of trnV are likely reported for the first time within this family. The two Neotrichoporoides species differ only in the arrangement of several tRNAs. Comparative analysis of PCGs revealed differences in molecular evolutionary rates among genes, with ATP8, ND2 and ND4 evolving faster than the others. Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial genome sequences showed that species from two subfamilies formed a monophyletic group, and congeneric species clustered into a single clade. This study contributes to resolving phylogenetic relationships within Eulophidae and further deepens our understanding of this family.

Eulophidae↗
PubMed1977

The effect of diet on the ultrastructure of the mid-gut cells of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk.) (Insecta: Hymenoptera) at various ages.

The ultrastructure of mid-gut cells of female Nasonia fed on a diet of 10% sterile sucrose is described. There are extensive alterations in cell organelles, particularly the mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum (R.E.R.) and lipid inclusions, when compared to similar insects fed a normal diet of dipteran pupae. A proportion of the mitochondria found in the apical cell region are enlarged in size and contain electron-dense granules. The remaining mitochondria are smaller, but also contain electron-dense granules. Cytochrome-c oxidase activity appears to be absent from the enlarged mitochondria. The R.E.R. appears reduced in many cells of the 1 day old, sugar-fed insects, however, this component fluctuates throughout the remaining life span. The lipid inclusions prominent in the 1 day old, pupae-fed insects are not present in sucrose-fed females of the same age, but lipid deposition was recorded later in the life span. There are many large residual bodies and cytolysosomes present in the old, sugar-fed insects. These changes in ultrastructure are discussed in relation to diet and longevity.

Aging↗
PubMed1977

The ultrastructure of the mid-gut cells of Nasonia vitripennis (Walker) (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae).

The ultrastructure of the mid-gut cells of female Nasonia vitripennis is described. The mid-gut consists of a uniform, single-cell epithelium. The cells of different gut regions were analysed using morphometric techniques in order to determine any differences in the components. The structure of the cells is described in the unfed animal, and after varying periods of feeding on host body-fluids. Tissues were sampled after 12 h and 24 h of feeding on host body-fluids and after 24 h feeding/24 h starvation. The cells were found to be complex and contain an organelle component that allows solute-transport and extensive lipid synthesis. A limited cytochemical analysis involving the lysosomal marker enzyme-acid phosphatase--and the respiratory enzyme--cytochrome oxidase was carried out.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2026

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of a Newly Recorded Chinese Species of Diglyphus sabulosus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and Insights into Its Phylogenetic Position.

Diglyphus Walker, 1844 is an economically important genus which many species acting as biocontrol agents against agromyzid leafminer pests, but there is a lack of mitogenomic data on the evolutionary relationships within this genus, hindering a comprehensive understanding of its evolutionary history. We used traditional morphological methods to identify species, and present the first complete mitochondrial genome sequence and characterization of features of Diglyphus sabulosus and further infer its phylogenetic position based on the amino acid sequences of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs). The complete mitochondrial genome of D. sabulosus is 15,690 bp in length, including 13 PCGs, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and a control region. The AT content of the whole genome sequence was 81.0%, indicating a significant AT bias. All protein-coding genes have the typical ATN as the start codon and TAA as the stop codon. Phylogenetic analysis inferred from the amino acid sequences of 13 PCGs revealed that all species within the family Eulophidae constituted a monophyletic clade, supporting the monophyly of this family. D. sabulosus and D. poppoea form a well-supported sister group, representing the species with the closest phylogenetic relationship within the analyzed taxa. In this study, the mitogenome structure was analyzed and the taxonomic status of D. sabulosus was clarified, thus providing a theoretical basis for understanding the phylogenetic relationships of Diglyphus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A morphometric and cytochemical analysis of aging changes in the flight muscle of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk) (Hymenoptera, pteromalidae).

A morphometric and cytochemical analysis was carried out on the effect of age and diet on the flight muscles of Nasonia vitripennis (Walk). A significant decline in mitochondrial volume with age is revealed in pupae-fed insects, but this is not recorded in sucrose-fed insects. There is also a significant decline in the activity of cytochrome oxidase in sucrose-fed, but not in pupae-fed, insects. It is concluded that the sucrose diet caused a delay in the ultrastructural deterioration of the flight muscles.

Aging↗