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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1993

How hyper are we? A look at hypermedia management in academic health sciences libraries.

Advances in instruction-delivery technology have a direct impact on academic media centers. New technology challenges librarians philosophically, financially, and ethically to provide access to information and instructional systems. Each institution has a unique set of circumstances governing decisions to provide access to hypermedia. If patron needs are met satisfactorily through labs outside the library, it may not be necessary for the library to incorporate hypermedia into its collection. Other library media centers may serve as a main point of access, or a substantial alternative computing resource may exist in departments or professional schools. Regardless of which route is taken, hypermedia is a viable instructional delivery system and can coexist with traditional services. Future studies on various aspects of hypermedia and multimedia management should be encouraged. Academic health sciences librarians would benefit from the study of hypermedia and multimedia collection-development policies, equipment, and personnel management. As computer networking of multimedia and image databases becomes available, it will be interesting to see the role academic health sciences libraries assume in integrating these data-bases with traditional information-delivery systems. Changing technology and instructional methods will affect budgets as well as library relationships with academic departments and computing centers.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1995

The pragmatics of clinical hypermedia: experiences from 5 years of participatory design in the MEDEA project.

To explore a medical hypermedia design process where requirements engineering and participatory design are used in a naturalistic setting, 5 years of participatory action research (PAR) have been performed in the development of a hypermedia system to be used in primary care practice. In PAR, the participating organizations cooperate with the researchers in deciding and later evaluating organizational actions, and the results are concluded cooperatively. A new type of system emerged from the study, in that the resulting design has its focus on the management of large volumes of hypermedia material, the traceability of authority in the documents, and teamwork support. Regarding the participatory design process, it was found to be essential to deal with social and organizational issues in the design group and its surroundings--and not to cover these over. For instance, an agreement was reached with the managers responsible for health care in the county where the design process took place, whereby the design activity was also given priority at the highest local administrative level. Since health care is a practice organization, there is a potential market for similar systems if only ways of organizing design and marketing the products of participatory design are further developed. Modified versions of structured product specification methods could be a valuable complement. The conclusion of the study is that the development and spread of hypermedia systems in health care may require considerable changes in current design routines and organizations.

Administrative Personnel↗

PubMed1989

Hypermedia in radiology: computer-assisted education.

Hypertext is a new computer-based method of presenting information that provides greater flexibility than conventional methods of continuing education. With a hypertext system, an individual using the computer can acquire more information on a word or concept that needs to be pursued in depth. Hypermedia is an expanded concept which uses the computer's ability to incorporate images, sounds, and video images in addition to text. This interactive, multimedia approach customizes information for more effective learning. The authors devised a prototype hypermedia textbook of nuclear medicine using a personal computer with hypermedia software that contains text, graphs, tables, figures, literature citations, and an easily persuable image database. All the information is organized with multiple cross-references, allowing instant branching to relevant facts, in different levels of detail. The system's applications and the ease of expansion or modification by the user are described.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗

PubMed1994

Parasitology tutoring system: a hypermedia computer-based application.

The teaching of parasitology is a basic course in all life sciences curricula, and up to now no computer-assisted tutoring system has been developed for this purpose. By using Knowledge Pro, an object-oriented software development tool, a hypermedia tutoring system for teaching parasitology to college students was developed. Generally, a tutoring system contains a domain expert, a student model, a pedagogical expert and the user interface. In this project, particular emphasis was given to the user interface design and the expert knowledge representation. The system allows access to the educational material through hypermedia and indexing at the pace of the student. The hypermedia access is facilitated through key words defined as hypertext and objects in pictures defined as hyper-areas. The indexing access is based on a list of parameters that refers to various characteristics of the parasites, e.g. taxonomy, host, organ, etc. In addition, this indexing access can be used for testing the student's level of understanding. The advantages of this system are its user-friendliness, graphical interface and ability to incorporate new educational material in the area of parasitology.

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMed1993

Development of a computer-assisted instructional tool for evaluation and treatment of renal masses. An experiment in hypermedia.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Using a personal computer and a commercially available "authoring" application, the authors constructed an interactive hypermedia teaching tool for the evaluation and management of renal masses. METHODS AND RESULTS: Through a series of questions, images, illustrations, hypertext, and graphical flow charts, the user reviews the spectrum of renal masses, including neoplasms, inflammatory disease, cysts, and "pseudomasses." The various imaging modalities (computed tomography [CT], ultrasound [US], magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], and angiography) are illustrated, with selective advantages and disadvantages to each technique highlighted. Selected algorithms for evaluation and treatment of masses are provided. Text, questions, a teaching file, and algorithms form the major sections of the program. Numerous links within and between the major sections of the program, a capacity unique to hypermedia, allow for nonlinear entry into the program, tailored to the individual user. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminarily, medical students and residents have responded positively to this hypermedia project. Furthermore, their comments and criticism have provided important feedback for future updates and enhancements.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗

PubMed1996

Using hypermedia to improve the mathematics problem-solving skills of students with learning disabilities.

This article discusses current knowledge about teaching problem solving to students with learning disabilities (LD), using computers for teaching math to students with LD, and using computers for teaching problem solving to students with learning problems. Building upon identified effective learning strategies, direct instruction procedures, and principles of effective instructional design, the case is presented for the use of hypermedia in helping students with learning disabilities to improve their mathematics problem-solving abilities. Specific ideas and suggestions for applying hypermedia to cognitive strategy instruction and the graduated word problem sequence are given. Several cautions regarding hypermedia use are presented.

Child↗

PubMed1995

Experimental teleradiology. Novel telematics services using image processing, hypermedia and remote cooperation to improve image-based medical decision making.

We illustrate the possible impact of information technology on digital radiology using two pilot projects. The first aimed to improve the transfer of radiological information and the interaction between radiologist and referring physician, using hypermedia documents and hypermedia electronic mail. During a 12-month evaluation period, approximately 100 hypermedia reports were generated and distributed to hepatologists and neurosurgeons. The second project aimed to improve planning of orthopaedic surgery, using an image processing service for three-dimensional visualization and a conferencing system to support active cooperation. Over two months, 12 routine cases were reconstructed in three dimensions and conferencing was carried out between surgeons and radiologists in hospitals 15 km apart. Initial results were encouraging. Telematics may be valuable in reconciling the growing need for multidisciplinary cooperation with the growing geographical and organizational separation of different experts. We conclude that to benefit from information technology, the focus should not be on a direct translation of traditional working methods, but rather on possibilities that were not available in the film-based environment.

Belgium↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Integrated imaging of the breast. Use of a hypermedia program and multimedia archives for teaching purposes].

This paper deals with the results obtained with a computerized senology system developed at the Institute of Radiology of "La Sapienza" University in Rome. The system combines a hypermedia program with a multimedia didactic archive integrated with the radiologic information system. These programs have been developed on Macintosh computers: the hypermedia one on a Macintosh IIfx with 160-Mb hard disk and 8-Mb RAM and a Supercard software, the multimedia archive on Macintosh IIvx, IIvi and Quadra 650 units, connected with an Ethernet network to a server Quadra 950 (RAM: 20 Megabytes; optical disk: 1 Giga) and using the 4th Dimension as software. The basics of breast anatomy, radiologic semiology and breast diseases are illustrated with the hypermedia program: such a system has many advantages to teach the basics requiring just a process of learning by heart. The multimedia archive allows to classify a large number of difficult and uncommon clinical cases, according to the ACR code. Thus, it is useful also to teachers to study particular subjects, including anatomical variants and uncommon conditions. In conclusion, we believe these systems to be valuable tools in the formation and update of the physicians devoted to the study of breast diseases.

Breast↗

PubMed1995

Sharing of worldwide spread knowledge using hypermedia facilities & fast communication protocols (Mosaic and World Wide Web): the example of ExPASy.

The sharing of knowledge worldwide using hypermedia facilities and fast communication protocols (i.e., Mosaic and World Wide Web) provides a growth capacity with tremendous versatility and efficacy. The example of ExPASy, a molecular biology server developed at the University Hospital of Geneva, is striking. ExPASy provides hypermedia facilities to browse through several up-to-date biological and medical databases around the world and to link information from protein maps to genome information and diseases. Its extensive access is open through World Wide Web. Its concept could be extended to patient data including texts, laboratory data, relevant literature findings, sounds, images and movies. A new hypermedia culture is spreading very rapidly where the international fast transmission of documents is the central element. It is part of the emerging new "information society".

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMed1997

Formative evaluation of a World Wide Web-based Chiari malformation hypermedia program.

The interface design of a Chiari malformation hypermedia document was tested with formative evaluation, a type of usability testing. The evaluation tested six common interactive design features essential for the design of user-friendly interfaces: image, size, label highlighting, text presentation (scrolling vs. hyperlinks), color (text, visual material, and background), and button behavior. Six neurosurgical residents answered a questionnaire focusing on these interactive design features during the development of the hypermedia document. Over a period of two months, the responses to the questions and suggestions made by the volunteers were used to improve the six interactive design features for the specific target audience of Toronto Hospital, Western Division neurosurgical residents.

Arnold-Chiari Malformation↗

PubMed1996

An integrated approach to senology education: combination of a hypermedia program with a multimedia archive.

The aim of this work was to demonstrate the computerized system on senology, which combines a hypermedia application to a multimedia didactical archive, integrated with a radiological information system. These applications have been developed on Macintosh computers using the softwares Supercard and 4th Dimension. The hypermedia application deals with basic principles of anatomy as well as the radiologic semeiology and pathology through different imaging techniques in order to illustrate basic principles. Thus, students can modify their learning pathways and the timing as they wish. Limitations are related to time consumption in preparing the programs and technical difficulties in expanding them. Multimedia archive allows to classify a large number of difficult and uncommon clinical cases, creating an easily updatable teaching file in digital format which considerably improves access to stored image data, also reducing loss of films and film degradation. From initial experiences we conclude that these systems are valid devices in information and up to date for physicians dedicated to the study of breast pathology.

Breast↗

PubMed1989

Hypermedia techniques for diagnostic imaging instruction: videodisk echocardiography encyclopedia.

Because of the visual complexity of medical images and the intensive tutorial experience required to develop image recognition expertise, professional training programs have concentrated on educating limited numbers of experts. Videodisk and CD-ROM (compact disk read only memory) image storage media now make it possible for a microcomputer workstation to provide a learning environment substantially equivalent to that of conventional time-consuming tutorial methods. A demonstration hypermedia program on echocardiography was constructed that provides a user-controlled learning environment with instant access to 54,000 video frames encompassing 1,200 clinical items. The instructional module is controlled by a microcomputer, which provides electronic linkage to relevant graphics, animations, text, categorized data bases, and digitized sound. The system has been successfully used in a residency program as the primary instructional tool for achieving an intermediate level of clinical expertise. Hypermedia offer substantial advantages over conventional books as a clinical reference source.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗

PubMed1996

Radiographic skills learning: procedure simulation using adaptive hypermedia.

The design and development of a simulation tool supporting learning of radiographic skills is reported. This tool has by textual, graphical and iconic resources, organized according to a building-block, adaptive hypermedia approach, which is described and supported by an image base of radiographs. It offers interactive user-controlled simulation of radiographic imaging procedures. The development is based on a commercially available environment (Toolbook 3.0, Asymetrix Corporation). The core of the system is an attributed precedence (priority) graph, which represents a task outline (concept and resources structure), which is dynamically adjusted to selected procedures. The user interface imitates a conventional radiography system, i.e. operating console, tube, table, patient and cassette. System parameters, such as patient positioning, focus-to-patient distance, magnification, field dimensions, tube voltage and mAs are under user control. Their effects on image quality are presented, by means of an image base acquired under controlled exposure conditions. Innovative use of hypermedia, computer based learning and simulation principles and technology in the development of this tool resulted in an enhanced interactive environment providing radiographic parameter control and visualization of parameter effects on image quality.

Computer Simulation↗

PubMed1990

Computer-based learning in radiology: a hypermedia application in CT.

Multimedia is a form of computer data presentation that uses multiple formats (text, illustration, sound, and animation) to enhance attention to and retention of presented information. Hypermedia is a nonlinear, branched access version of this that allows the user to pursue information more freely and variably than a linear format does. We used the hypermedia format to create an interactive medical teaching program that we believe holds the user's interest and attention better than a straight-text style does.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗

PubMedDate not supplied

HyperShell: an expert system shell in a hypermedia environment--application in medical audiology.

HyperShell is an expert system shell developed in a hypermedia environment. Several artificial intelligence techniques such as frames and semantic networks are used in an original interpretation to enhance the interaction between the user and the program. The typical navigation tools of hypermedia such as clickable buttons and text search are extended to the semantic structure of HyperShell, creating a set of new tools. Examples from a medical expert system (Audex HM) developed in HyperShell are described.

Audiology↗

PubMed1990

An introduction to interactive hypermedia.

Current computers can create and display documents that incorporate a variety of audiovisual media, and can be organized to allow the user, guided by curiosity and not by a fixed path through the material, to move through the information in non-linear pathways. These hypermedia documents and the concept of hypertext offer significant new possibilities for the creation of educational materials for the biomedical sciences. If the full capabilities of the computer are to be used to enhance the educational experience for learners, computer professionals need to collaborate with publishing and teaching professionals. Biomedical communications professionals can and should play a role in establishing and evaluating hypermedia documents for medical education.

Audiovisual Aids↗

PubMed1995

Efficient memory management strategy in hypermedia with interactive MR images.

When composing hypermedia with interactive image sets the main problem is to allocate minimal memory of random access memory (RAM). The stand-alone product should be accessible to the public and not require too much memory to maintain interaction between the images and the text. We designed a new hypermedia application using SuperCard and image stacks in PICS format running on a Macintosh LC computer. Memory use was effective since the images were kept in external files outside the application. On browsing cards the images were requested from the image file and each image was displayed within about 1 second as a floating frame on top of the card in the top window. Interactivity when presenting, for example, anatomical parts was achieved by bitmap objects which were activated through the image by pointing at them through the image. By pointing at a text object the corresponding anatomical bitmap object was visualised through the image. The stand-alone version of the application with up to 100 cards runs on a 2 Mb RAM set-up. The maximum sizes of the external image stacks are not dependent on the RAM size.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging↗

PubMed1995

Handling information and knowledge in the FORUM hypermedia authoring system: application to uterine magnetic resonance imaging.

Hypertext and hypermedia are used to access loosely structured information. The lack of conceptual model for hypertext application makes it difficult to represent the mental model of the author. Users are often lost in the information and the objective of the author is not achieved. In this paper, we describe an approach to handle information and knowledge in the FORUM hypermedia authoring system. It allows the author to create and maintain the hypertext more easily and facilitates the navigation of the reader. An application for learning uterine magnetic resonance imaging is also presented.

Computer Systems↗