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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Anomalous subaortic position of the brachiocephalic vein (innominate vein): an echocardiographic study.

In 24 (0.98%) of 2457 patients with congenital heart disease the brachiocephalic vein was in an anomalous position below the aortic arch. This is a much higher proportion of such cases than reported so far. This high frequency may arise from differences in the study population and the method of diagnosis. This venous anomaly was more common in patients with tetralogy of Fallot or ventricular septal defect with pulmonary atresia. Patients with the venous anomaly were more likely to have a right aortic arch. The anomalous course of the brachiocephalic vein from the neck to the junction of the superior vena cava was shown by cross sectional echocardiography. In doubtful cases, Doppler study usually clarified the anatomical arrangement.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1990

[Mixed type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection with the left upper pulmonary vein draining into the innominate vein and the other pulmonary veins into the coronary sinus--surgical correction in 2 infants].

Surgical repair of the mixed type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) in infancy is known to be difficult. In this report, experience of two infants with the mixed type TAPVC with the left upper pulmonary vein (PV) draining into the innominate vein and the other PVs into the coronary sinus (IIa + Ia (left upper PV) type TAPVC) is presented. In such cases, it has been said that the left upper PV should be left uncorrected, but we anastomosed the left upper PV, that was thin and fragile, to the left atrium and corrected all the other anomalous PVs. The results were satisfactory. Recently, Extra-Corporeal circulation, microsurgery, and other techniques have significantly progressed, so we consider that the anastomosis is possible in most infants with IIa + Ia (left upper PV) type TAPVC. In the future, careful clinical follow-up and repeat catheterizations should be done, and we'd like to examine the long term patency of the left upper PV.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1984

Discrepant opacification of the internal jugular veins: indicator of innominate vein occlusion on computed tomography of the neck.

Discrepant enhancement of an internal jugular vein on computed tomography during intravenous infusion of contrast material via an upper extremity vein constitutes an abnormal finding. We demonstrate that the greater degree of opacification of the internal jugular vein on the affected side is due to reversal of flow on that side and is indicative of occlusion of a major venous pathway proximally.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Retrobronchial vertical vein in totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the innominate vein and its specific occurrence in right isomerism.

Recently, a case of right isomerism with totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) to the innominate vein through a vertical vein that ascended in the mediastinum posterior to the left-sided main bronchus was encountered. This retrobronchial vertical vein that has not been described previously in patients with TAPVC to the innominate vein prompted the performance of a retrospective analysis of 44 cases with TAPVC to the innominate vein in which angiography had been performed. The 44 cases consisted of 36 patients with situs solitus, 7 with right isomerism, and 1 with left isomerism. The spatial relation of the vertical vein to the adjacent pulmonary artery and main bronchus could be defined in 41 cases. The vertical vein was retrobronchial in 4 of 5 cases with right isomerism in which the location of the vertical vein could be defined with certainty. No case with situs solitus or left isomerism was associated with a retrobronchial vertical vein. In all 4 patients with a retrobronchial vertical vein, angiographic evidence of obstruction of pulmonary venous drainage was present, and was due to an extrinsic bronchial compression in 2 and to an intrinsic narrowing of the vertical vein in 2.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2000

Occlusion of azygos vein via direct percutaneous puncture of innominate vein following cavopulmonary anastomosis.

A 2-year-10-month-old boy was diagnosed with a complex congenital heart disease: right atrial isomerism, left superior vena cava (LSVC), complete atrioventricular septal defect, secundum type atrial septal defect, transposition of the great arteries with pulmonary atresia, patent ductus arteriosus, absence of a right superior vena cava (RSVC), and dextrocardia. He had received a left Blalock-Taussig (BT) shunt at the age of 3 months and a left bidirectional Glenn shunt one year after BT shunt. Progressive cyanosis was noted after the second operation and cardiac catheterization showed a functional Glenn shunt with an engorged azygos vein, which was inadvertently skipped for ligation. Because of the absence of RSVC, transcatheter occlusion of the azygos vein was performed successfully via direct puncture of the innominate vein.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1981

A case of the left innominate vein passing behind the ascending aorta.

The authors observed the postaortic left innominate vein, which passed behind the ascending aorta, in the body of a 69-year-old Japanese male during dissection in 1979. In this case, no rudiment of the ordinary left innominate vein could be found in front of the arteries arising from the arch of the aorta. There are few reports of this anomaly and an extensive search of the available literature revealed only ten cases, including three in Japan. Adachi classified the postaortic left innominate vein into two types, types I and II, on the basis of the positional relation between the left innominate vein and the ligamentum arteriosum. Our case was of type I, in which the left innominate vein passed ventral to the ligamentum arteriosum and ran across from left to right behind the ascending aorta to join the right innominate vein. The embryological explanation which generally is accepted for the postaortic left innominate vein lies in the transposition of a transverse connection, which becomes the left innominate vein in a later stage of development, between the left and right anterior cardinal veins from the ventral to dorsal sides of the rudiment of the ascending aorta.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Avulsion of the innominate vein during median sternotomy.

Two cases of disinsertion of the left innominate vein from the superior vena cava (S.V.C.) during primary median sternotomy have been encountered during the past 6 years. Methods of management consisting of either (1) ligation and division of the left innominate vein and patch angioplasty of the SVC injury, or (2) patch angioplasty of the disinsertion injury itself with preservation of the left innominate vein are presented. The rationale and possible complications of each method of treatment are discussed based on the anatomy and collateral circulation of the left innominate vein and other experiences with division of the left innominate vein.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Echographic detection of latent severe thrombotic stenosis of the superior vena cava and innominate vein in patients with a pacemaker: integrated diagnosis using sonography, pulse Doppler, and color flow.

Thrombosis of the innominate vein and SVC is a serious complication in patients with pacemakers, inducing pulmonary embolism or SVC syndrome. Venography is the definitive method for its diagnosis; however, it is too invasive for related studies. The purpose of this study was to validate sonography, pulse Doppler, and color flow in detecting noninvasively innominate vein or SVC thrombosis in patients with pacemakers. In 53 patients with pacemakers, the 1 severe SVC stenosis and 18 severe innominate vein stenoses due to thrombosis were diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography. Sonography accurately showed the severe SVC stenosis due to thrombosis, but had limitations on the innominate vein thrombosis. Color flow demonstrated mosaic flow, indicating poststenotic turbulence due to stenosis of the innominate vein and SVC caused by thrombosis in 15 of 16 patients, and pulse Doppler disclosed absence of flow due to complete occlusion of the innominate vein in 2 of 2 patients. Sensitivity and specificity for detecting severe innominate vein stenosis due to thrombosis using combined color flow and pulse Doppler was 94% and 100%, respectively. In conclusion, sonography, pulse Doppler, and color flow allow accurate detection of severe innominate vein or SVC stenosis due to thrombosis, and are therefore useful for the follow-up of patients with a pacemaker.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Color Doppler sonographic finding of retrograde jugular venous flow as a sign of innominate vein occlusion.

Occlusion or stenosis of the superior vena cava, the innominate vein, or both is an important clinical problem that requires prompt diagnosis. To confirm a suspected occlusion, imaging studies revealing the obstruction and the presence of collateral venous routes are needed. Color Doppler sonography (CDUS) is widely used to evaluate suspected venous thrombosis and collateral pathways. We present the CDUS findings in 2 cases of innominate vein occlusion. In case 1, CDUS of the neck and left upper arm, which harbored a permanent hemodialysis access, showed engorged veins in the upper arm, a patent dialysis access, and some collateral veins in the axilla. The subclavian and internal jugular veins were patent, but the flow in the left internal jugular vein was reversed. The left innominate vein was occluded. In case 2, CDUS of the upper arms showed that the veins, the dialysis access in the left upper arm, and the subclavian and jugular veins were patent, but the flow in the left internal jugular vein and in the right subclavian vein was reversed. Collateral veins were seen in the right axillary region. Both innominate veins were occluded. The resulting collateral pathways, ie, retrograde flow in the ipsilateral jugular vein crossing to the contralateral jugular vein through dural sinuses, were confirmed by venography in both cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Echocardiographic detection of anomalous course of the left innominate vein.

Anomalous course of the left innominate vein beneath the aortic arch is a rare congenital anomaly. We report the case of a 3 year old child in whom this defect was detected by two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. The echocardiographic appearance of the anomalous course of the left innominate vein is illustrated and the importance of identifying this rare systemic venous anomaly is discussed.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed2000

Transcatheter management of innominate vein thrombosis prior to bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis.

Innominate vein thrombosis was diagnosed in an 8-months-old infant after stage I surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Cardiac catheterization identified venous collaterals bypassing the innominate vein via the azygous vein. Coil occlusion of the distal azygous vein allowed a subsequent cavopulmonary anastomosis directing collateral flow into the pulmonary bed. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 49:61-63, 2000.

Azygos Vein↗
PubMed1993

Postaortic left innominate vein: radiological assessment and pathogenesis.

Postaortic left innominate vein (PALIV) is a rare venous anomaly and the findings on plain chest radiographs have not been well described. Plain chest radiographs, CT and MR of nine adults known to have PALIV were reviewed. They all showed a high aortic arch, including four with a right-sided aortic arch and one with a double aortic arch, in postero-anterior radiographs, and seven showed curved shadows in the left upper mediastinum. On all lateral chest radiographs (n = 5), the superior retrosternal region was opacified by the high aortic arch. CT or MR images confirmed the aortic arch and/or innominate artery to be in that part of the retrosternal space, normally occupied by the left innominate vein, in all cases. Association of a curved shadow in the superior mediastinum with a high aortic arch on plain chest radiographs is therefore suggestive of, though not diagnostic for, PALIV. This entity was well documented by CT or MR and the radiological findings were considered to imply that developmentally PALIV is secondary to a high position of the aortic arch.

Adult↗