SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Immunologic Memory”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1977

Effects of the number of DNP groups on dinitrophenylated human serum albumin upon the induction of immunological memory for the dinitrophenyl determinant.

Immunological memory to the DNP determinant is shown to be a positive correlate of the primary anti-DNP response and of the extent of DNP substitution in the priming antigen. Antigen dose-response curves for immunological memory first increase with antigen dose to reach a maximum and then decrease in the high dose region. Increasing the extent of DNP substitution in the priming antigen shifts the dose-response curves to lower antigen doses and promotes the antigen's ability to induce immunological memory to a level greater than that expected by its ability to induce a primary response. The findings are interpreted in terms of postulated effects of degree of DNP substitution on the binding of antigen to cell receptors.

Antibody Formation↗

PubMed1985

Cyclic development of immunological memory to bacterial lipopolysaccharide.

Immunological memory to the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O113 was generated in strains of inbred mice given a single subimmunogenic dose of either E. coli O113 lipopolysaccharide or the native protoplasmic polysaccharide of E. coli O113. Such memory, which only involved antibody of the immunoglobulin M class, developed in a cyclic manner that was characteristic for the strain of mice used. It involved cell proliferation as well as differentiation and persisted for at least 25 days after priming with a single injection of a subimmunogenic dose of E. coli O113 lipopolysaccharide.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

Transition in the character of immunological memory in mice after immunization. II. Memory in T and B cell populations.

Teh immunological memory in antibody response of mice to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated at the level of antibody-producing cells or their precursor B cells and thymus-dependent helper T cells. Spleen cells obtained from mice previously primed with alum-precipitated BSA at various times were transferred to irradiated syngeneic mice. Spleen cells from mice immunized 8 days or 64 days before presented a high degree of adoptive secondary response, whereas the adoptive response of cells from mice immunized 2 days previously was found to be inferior even to that of unprimed spleen cells. Primed spleen cells treated with anti-mouse thymocyte rabbit serum plus complement were supplemented with normal thymus cells and the restoration of the responsiveness was examined. It was suggested that the memory was carried mainly by T cells in the earlier phases of the immunological memory (2 days or 8 days after the primary immunization). On the other hand, the immunological memory in the B-cell population was shown to grow gradually toward the later phase (later than 40 days).

Animals↗

PubMed1979

[Depression and stimulation of immunologic memory by typhoid lipopolysaccharide and polysaccharide].

The effect of typhoid lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and polysaccharide (PS) on immunological memory in the system of IgM and IgG synthesis and rosette-forming cells was studied. When introduced into animals previously immunized with SRBC, PS stimulated, under certain conditions, immunological memory in the system of IgM synthesis and rosette-forming cells, while the injection of LPS induced only an insignificant stimulation of immunological memory. No stimulation in the system of IgG synthesis was observed after the injection of both LPS and PS. The suppression of immunological memory was noted in the animals receiving LPS as well as in those receiving PS the immunosuppressing effect produced by LPS was more pronounced.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Cholera toxin adjuvant promotes long-term immunological memory in the gut mucosa to unrelated immunogens after oral immunization.

This study was conducted to investigate whether cholera toxin (CT), used as a mucosal adjuvant, would promote the development in mice of immunological memory to unrelated antigens administered by the oral route. We found that oral priming immunizations with keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) in combination with CT adjuvant induced long-term, at least 22 months and perhaps lifelong, immunological memory in the intestinal lamina propria (LP). In contrast, oral priming immunizations with KLH alone failed to stimulate immunological memory. Moreover, memory responses in the KLH plus CT-immunized mice were elicited by antigen alone, i.e. without CT adjuvant, suggesting that once immunological memory is established in the intestinal mucosa, e.g. by oral vaccination, elicitation of secondary-type responses does not require the presence of CT and thus could result from re-encounter with specific bacterial or viral antigens in the intestine. We also found that a single priming-dose of KLH plus CT adjuvant was sufficient to stimulate long-term, antigen-specific memory in the intestinal mucosa. Finally, the ability of CT to induce immunological memory in the gut mucosa required the whole toxin and could not be achieved by using the toxoid, the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), which lacks the adenylate cyclase/cAMP-activating property of the whole molecule. The results support the view that mucosal adjuvants, incorporated into oral vaccines, might be an effective means to achieve long-term immunological memory and protection against pathogenic micro-organisms at mucosal surfaces.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1976

Transition in the character of immunological memory in mice after immunization. I. Memory for IgM and IgG antibody responses.

The immunological memory in antibody response of mice to bovine serum albumin was investigated at the level of IgM and IgG antibody-forming cells, The antigen at a dose much lower than required for eliciting a detectable level of the primary antibody response could latently activate the immune machinery to an extent adquate for specific recall, whereas higher doses of antigen were effective in evoking strong anamnestic response. The potentiality to develop the anamnestic response was found even in the latent phase of the primary antibody response and was maintained for more than 2 months. The immunological memory acquired in an early phase after the primary immunization mainly involved IgM antibody response and late memory concerned IgG response.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Morpho-functional interrelations in the development of immunologic memory].

Data available in literature on immunomorphological aspects of the immunological memory formation are summarized. Features of B memory cells and mechanisms of their activation are analyzed. Relations between antigen localization in the lymphoid follicles, the formation of virgin centres there and induction of B memory cells and organs of the immune system in the immunological memory are discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

[Immunologic memory for Staphylococcus studied by adoptive transfer].

The basic regularities of the formation and realization of immunological memory to staphylococcal corpuscular antigen were studied in adoptive transfer experiments on CBA mice. The capacity of spleen cells for generating anamnestic response to staphylococci in the body of irradiated syngeneic recipients appeared on day 3 after the immunization of donors. The formation of immunological memory to staphylococci in mice was shown to be directly related to the dose of the antigen. The study also revealed that intact splenocytes did not suppress the realization of immunological memory to staphylococci in the system of adoptive transfer. The conclusion of the absence of the "isogeneic barrier" for memory cells specific to staphylococcal corpuscular antigen was made.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

[Role of T- and B-cells in immunologic memory and the prolonged production of antibodies in the body].

The role of T and B cells in the immunological memory and prolonged antibody production in mice was studied; for this purpose CBA mice were immunized with SRBC in doses of 1 X 10(6) or 1 X 10(9) cells, decapitated 21--25 days later, and their spleen cells were treated with T or B antiserum and transferred in a dose 7 x 10(7) cells to syngeneic recipients treated with cyclophosphamide for suppressing their immunity. The treatment of the donor spleen cells with T or B antiserum resulted in a considerable decrease in the hemagglutinin level, as well as in the number of IgM- and IgG-forming cells. The transfer of T and B cells, mixed in equal amounts, to syngeneic recipients restored the immunological memory of the animals; in those cases when the mixture had the prevalence of T cells the restoration of the immunological memory was even more pronounced. The donor spleen cells treated with T or B antiserum, when tested for their ability to produce IgM- and IgG-forming cells in vitro (prior to their transfer to the recipient), showed a decrease in the production of IgM-forming cells (68%) and IgG-forming cells (74%) only under the action of B antiserum, whereas T antiserum had no influence on the production of IgM- and IgG-forming cells in vitro.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

The properities of lymphocytes which carry immunologic memory of phiX 174.

Cells that carry immunologic memory of phiX 174 have been studied in the rat. Memory cells could not be detected in thoracic duct lymph before the 10th day after priming. Thereafter, they increased rapidly in number to reach a plateau by the 4th week. This long latency was not due to a protracted process of maturation of cells formed and delivered to the lymph during the early post-induction period because memory never appeared in rats immunized adoptively with cells obtained before the 11th day. The fact that phiX memory cells are resistant to inhibition by vinblastine also indicates that memory is carried by cells which are released from regionally stimulated lymphoid tissue only after they have ceased dividing and become functionally mature. Adoptively acquired memory decays rapidly at first, but slowly from the 2nd week after cell transfer. This suggests that two cell populations of differing half-life are involved. If two distinct populations are necessary to the full expression of phiX memory, both populations recirculate because the memory cells in lymph draining the sites of the primary response and those reaching the central lymph of adoptive hosts give parallel dose-response curves.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

[Stimulation of cellular immunity and immunologic memory be somatotropic hormone].

The role of somatotropic hormone (STH) in the development of delayed hypersensitivity and immunological memory was studied in guinea pigs. The STH injected at periods of sensitization and realization of delayed hypersensitivity stimulated the skin reactions. Suppression of the endogenic STH by the antiserum to the guinea pig. STH prevented development of hypersensitivity at both periods. Hypersensitivity was restored after the cessation of antiserum effects. The period of sensitization proved to be most sensitive, whereas the period of immunological memory persistence remained resistant.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Patterns of the forming of an immunologic memory to staphylococcal corpuscular antigen].

The experiments carried out on inbred mice have revealed that the level of the immunological memory to staphylococci depends on the intensity of the antigenic stimulation; high priming dose of antigen proving to be the most effective one. The opposite character of immune responsiveness observed during primary antibody response to particulate staphylococcal antigen in C3H and A/Sn mice increased after the second immunization. It is established that immunological memory to staphylococci may be induced in genetically athymic mice. Many antibody-forming cells are found in the bone marrow of the secondary immunized mice. This phenomenon may be due to the repopulation of the bone marrow tissue by recirculating memory cells.

Agglutinins↗

PubMed1975

Amplification of cell-associated immunological memory by secondary antigenic stimulus. Secondary type increase in memory.

In mice primed with a mixture of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and adjuvant (capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPS-K)) cell-associated immunological memory was increased secondarily after a second injection of BSA alone, whereas a primary injection of BSA alone into normal unprimed mice did not result in detectable memory. The optimum antigen doses for expression of the primary and secondary memories of adoptively transferred cells from unboosted primed donors or boosted donors in in vivo culture systems were very similar, although those observed in intact mice were very different, as reported previously. The size of the secondary memory of adoptively transferred cells from boosted donors was more than ten times greater than that of the primary memory of adoptively transferred cells from unboosted primed donors. The lag period for increase of the secondary memory was shorter than that for the primary memory. Both primary and secondary memories increased during a long period (up to 3 months) after the antigenic stimulus. From the results of this study it was concluded that cell-associated immunological memory could be amplified in a secondary fashion upon contact with a second stimulus.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1978

Immunologic "memory" for microbial antigens in lymphocytes obtained from human bronchial mucosa.

Memory for previous immunologic contact with microbial antigens has been detected in lymphocytes from human bronchi as a secondary immune response, when tested in vitro. Antigens stimulated a predominantly proliferative response in blood lymphocytes that was significantly greater than the response in mucosal lymphocytes with purified protein derivative and Herpes simplex type 1 antigens. Co-culture experiments with autologous blood lymphocytes showed that cell-dependent suppression was one mechanism of the low response of bronchial lymphocytes. In the patient who inhaled a foreign body, a proliferative response to antigens was restricted to bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue lymphocytes, suggesting a recruitment of antigen-reactive cells from a circulating pool.

Antigens, Viral↗

PubMed1990

[Immunologic memory in the course of udder immunization for the protection of calves against Salmonella infections].

Cows were vaccinated once or twice intracisternally in order to protect calves against salmonella infections. The amount of antibodies measured in the colostrum of re-vaccinated and not re-vaccinated cows indicated that a sensitive immunological memory has been provoked by this vaccination technique. This immunological memory showed a distinct synchronism with the state of pregnancy in order to provide a maximum amount of antibodies in the colostrum.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

The dynamics of immunological memory.

Memory has long been thought of as a stable phenomenon within the immune system: once generated it lasts for a very long time. This static view of immunological memory predicts that an established population of memory cells is independent of outside influences. Recent findings, concerning the population kinetics of the peripheral pool of lymphocytes and, more directly, concerning the influence of antigen on memory cell survival, are forcing us to reassess this idea. I present here a dynamic view of immunological memory which takes into account an immune system that appears in continual flux and whose constituent cells may rely upon recurrent signals for their survival. This view of memory also makes certain predictions and these are considered.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Immunological memory against viruses.

Viral infections often result in long-term immunological memory. This article reviews the phenotypic changes seen in memory T cells and suggests a re-evaluation of the current dogma that T cell memory is maintained by persistence of antigen.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Adjuvant action of capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on antibody response. IV. The roles of antigen and adjuvant for induction of primary and secondary antibody responses and for development of immunological memory to bovine serum albumin.

A study was performed to clarify the roles of primary and secondary injections of antigen and adjuvant (capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae, CPS-K) in induction of antibody responses and in the development of immunological memory in mice to bovine serum albumin (BSA). A primary injection of BSA alone neither induced significant primary antibody response nor increased immunological memory for a secondary antibody response but, if primary injections of BSA and CPS-K were performed simultaneously, high antibody responses were induced. Moreover, a prior injection of BSA alone or CPS-K alone decreased the level of primary antibody response and the degree of increase in memory following the subsequent injection of BSA mixed with CPS-K. In contrast, a secondary injection of BSA alone into mice once primed with a mixture of BSA and CPS-K elicited very high secondary type antibody response and increased secondarily the memory for a tertiary antibody response. Injection of CPS-K simultaneously with or shortly before or after the secondary injection of BSA did not increase the level of the secondary antibody response and the degree of the secondary increase in memory. Augmentation of the secondary antibody response was elicited by simultaneous injection of CPS-K only when the secondary response was induced inadequately by a suboptimum or supraoptimum dose of antigen.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗