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Results for “Incidence rates”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1975

Benign epilepsy of children with centrotemporal EEG foci. A study of incidence rate in outpatient care.

The incidence rates of epileptic seizures and epileptic seizures with centrotemporal (Rolandic) discharges were found to be 134/100,000 and 21/100,000, respectively. These were determined in an epidemiological study in a population consisting of 52,252 children aged 0-15 years in a county in the northern part of Sweden. Epileptic seizures with Rolandic discharges represented about 16% of all the epileptic seizures (febrile convulsions not included). They were four times more common than classic petit mal with 3/sec spike-and-wave activity.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Bone cancer among female radium dial workers. Latency periods and incidence rates by time after exposure: brief communication.

Bone cancer in 1,250 women exposed to radium while working in the luminous watch-dial industry between 1913 and 1929 were analyzed for times of appearance ("latency periods") and incidence rates over time after first exposure. The lowest radium intake dose associated with bone cancer, among 751 women whose intake doses had been determined, was 202.5 muCi. Mean and median bone cancer latency periods tended to decline, but average survival among women without bone cancer also decreased with increasing intake level. Bone cancer incidence rates over time were compared in 2 intake-dose groups (200--749 and greater than or equal to 759 muCi) by means of an actuarial method that takes competing risks into account. Incidence rates were consistently higher in the higher intake-dose group versus the lower dose group at each 5-year period after first exposure. The variability in the odds ratios across the time periods was not statistically significant, and the actuarial method provided little evidence for an effect of intake dose on the pattern of incidence rate over time. With the use of similar methods, no significant variability was evident in the relative odds of bone cancer over time after exposure between one group of women first exposed to radium at less than 18 years of age and another group exposed when 18 or more years old.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Risk factors for lung cancer in Singapore Chinese, a population with high female incidence rates.

The high incidence of lung cancer in Chinese females in Singapore, especially among those belonging to the Cantonese dialect group, and the relatively high rates in Chinese males have been studied by means of interviews of cases and controls. A significant dose-response effect of cigarette smoking was found for all male and female groups, but neither smoking nor any other exposure explains the high incidence of lung cancer observed in Cantonese females who exhibit high rates of adenocarcinoma appraently unrelated to smoking. In general, persons with a low consumption of green vegetables were at higher risk for lung cancer. This finding might be due to an increased susceptibility in the presence of a relative deficiency of vitamin A.

China↗

PubMed1978

Age-standardized incidence rates of primordial cyst (keratocyst) on the Witwatersrand.

Cases of primordial cysts derived from the records of all the hospital pathology departments and private pathology practices on the Witwatersrand, were recorded for the 10-year period 1965-74. The population at risk (1970 census) was 974,390 Whites and 1,567,280 Blacks. Age-specific morbidity rates for each sex and race were calculated, as well as age-standardized incidence rates standardized against African, World and European standard populations. The age-standardized incidence rates for primordial cysts, standardized against a World standard population, per million per year are 0.61, 0, 4.86 and 3.50 for Black males and females and White males and females, respectively. In the population at risk, primordial cysts are much more common in Whites than in Blacks, the incidence being eight times higher in White males than in Black males. The present study confirms that there is a bimodal age distribution but with a higher incidence of the cyst in the age group 50-64 years than previously suspected. This may be either because a substantial number of cases remain undiagnosed for many years or because there are two groups of primordial cyst: one which is triggered in young patients and the other in older patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Occupational incidence rates of mental health disorders.

This study attempted to provide occupational health professionals with an empirical basis for identifying and selecting specific occupations for further research into the relationship between job stress and worker health. Specifically, this involved an examination of the admission records of community mental health centers throughout one state (Tennessee) to determine the incidence rate of diagnosed mental health disorders for 130 major occupations (i.e., occupations employing 1,000 or more workers in the state). These occupations were then rank-ordered by incidence rate to provide a general scheme for evaluating the relative frequency of mental health disorders among the select occupations. The results indicated a disproportionate incidence of mental health anomalies among the hospital/health care professions. Some tentative explanations of this finding are presented, and suggestions are made for future research efforts.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Incidence rates and risk factors of benign breast neoplasms.

A case-control study of benign breast disease was conducted in Greater Boston in 1968-1969. Cases were nearly all women living in the reference population who were initially diagnosed as having fibrocystic disease, fibroadenoma or a "mixed" lesion during the study period. Controls were a random sample of the entire reference population. A mail questionnaire was completed for 678 cases and for 1807 controls. For fibrocystic disease the age-standardized incidence rate was 89.4 per 100,000 woman-years; for fibroadenoma it was 32.8. Fibrocystic disease rises in incidence to age 45 and then declines sharply. The incidence rate of fibroadenoma peaks during the 20's, while that of mixed tumors has a mode at 30 to 34. Among young women, the highest rates occur in married nulliparae, but this is not so at higher ages. Neither for fibroadenoma nor fibrocystic disease was there a consistent relationship of risk with parity or with age at first birth. Fibrocystic disease risk was strongly and directly related to age at natural menopause, directly but not strongly related to an index of socioeconomic status, and was increased among women who gave a history of arthritis. Both fibrocystic disease and fibroadenoma were much less frequent in more obese women. Neither fibrocystic disease nor fibroadenoma has an epidemiologic pattern which corresponds closely to that of breast cancer. Therefore, it seems reasonable to suggest that the apparent increased risk of breast cancer among women with benign breast disease is concentrated within a subset of these women.

Adenofibroma↗

PubMed1977

Correlations of incidence rates for selected cancers in the nine areas of the Third National Cancer Survey.

Incidence date from the Third National Cancer Survey were used to study geographic variation in the occurrence of nine common cancers of nonsexual sites and five sexual sites. It was hypothesized that cancers which varied together across the nine survey communities might have common etiologic factors. The variation was measured by a series of rank and product-moment correlation coefficients in order to summarize the association between pairs of cancers in white males and in white females. The most notable findings were the high correlations between the incidence rates for the three gastrointestinal sites (stomach, colon, and rectum) and bladder cancer in both men and women and the high correlation between three female sexual sites (breast, corpus, and ovary). These two clusters are also correlated with one another. A number of other substantial correlations between pairs of cancers were observed and discussed. These associations suggest possible common etiologic agents, despite the fact that the individual secular trends for some of these cancers differ.

Breast Neoplasms↗

PubMed1978

Age-standardized incidence rates of ameloblastoma and dentigerous cyst on the Witwatersrand, South Africa.

Although a great deal is known about the incidence of cancer, including oral cancer, no such study has been done on odontogenic tumors and jaw cysts. There are therefore no standardized data which would allow for comparative incidences in different countries and between different groups. In the present study, cases of ameloblastomas and dentigerous cysts derived from the records of all the hospital pathology departments and private pathology practices on the Witwatersrand, were recorded for the 10-year period 1965--1974. The population at risk (1970 census) was 974,390 Whites and 1,567,280 Blacks. The annual incidence rates, standardized against the standard world population, for ameloblastomas per million population are 1.96, 1.20, 0.18 and 0.44 for Black males, females and White males, females, respectively. The equivalent four figures for dentigerous cysts are 1.18, 1.22, 9.92 and 7.26. These figures show that ameloblastoma is very much more common in Blacks than Whites in the population at risk. Conversely, dentigerous cysts are much more common in Whites. This makes it unlikely that dentigerous cysts predispose to ameloblastoma formation. These epidemiologic observations give rise to speculation as to whether some component of the South African Black diet or other environmental substance might possibly be an etiologic factor in ameloblastoma.

Ameloblastoma↗

PubMed1978

Prostatic cancer: mortality and incidence rates by race and social class.

Among the most striking epidemiologic characteristics of prostatic cancer in the United States is the sizeable excess in rates for the disease among blacks as compared with whites. This study attempted to determine whether the higher black rates might be explained by controlling for social class, using mortality data from Alameda County for the pericensal period 1968--1972 (n = 400), and the population-based series of cases for Alameda County included in the Third National Cancer Survey, 1969--1971 (n = 750). Reviewed first are previous studies addressed to the relationship of prostatic cancer and socioeconomic status (SES), most of which have been confined to whites. In the present study, each death or case was assigned to a socioeconomic class based on census tract of residence and rates by race and social class determined. Comparison of age-specific mortality and incidence rates by SES reveals no gradient for prostatic cancer in either whites or blacks.

Black or African American↗

PubMed1979

Incidence rate of oral lichen planus among Indian villagers.

In a house-to-house survey in South India, comprising 10,000 villagers, the age-adjusted incidence rate per 1,000 person-years for oral lichen planus was found to be 2.1 for males and 2.5 for females, based upon a 10-year follow-up study. The highest incidence was in the age group 55-64 for males and 45-54 for females. The age-adjusted relative risk was higher for the 'chewing habits' group (6.2) than for the 'smoking habit' group (2.2). The combined effect of the two habits appeared to be multiplicative; the age-adjusted relative risk for the mixed habit group being 13.7.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Incidence rates for cleft lip and palate in British Columbia 1952-71 for North American Indian, Japanese, Chinese and total populations: secular trends over twenty years.

The incidence of cleft lip and/or cleft palate was examined for the 1952-71 period for the Province of British Columbia. Although there were some fluctuations, some of which were significant, there was no general trend which indicated that the rates were either increasing or decreasing. These rates are important for a background calculation when investigating new invironment teratogens. The total rate of 1.97 per 1,000 live birth is comparable with other Caucasian populations where there is good ascertainment and adequate follow-up period. This study also confirmed the previously reported high rate for North American Indians in British Columbia (3.74 per 1,000 live births) and established rates for the Japanese (3.36 per 1,000 live births) and Chinese (1.76 per 1,000 live births) of British Columbia. Since these three sub-populations are relatively small in relation to the total population, they do not influence the overall total rate to any great extent.

British Columbia↗

PubMed1978

[Value and incidence rate of the inflammation of the bowels in a general children's autopsy material during twenty years (author's transl)].

The acute enteritis in the postneonatal period with or without dyspepsia appeared with an incidence ranging from 18,9% to 27,6% during twenty years period (1956--1975) observations in a general children's autopsy material. Bacteriological and serological analysis may be of success and complete the pathologic-anatomical diagnoses. Infective enteritis often is accompanied by pneumonia and/or otitis media. The acute enteritis can always be detected as an important feature in regard to the cause of death. Most children die within less than twenty-four hours from hospital admission. The hemorrhagic, ulcerous and necrotic form of the enterocolitis predominate the perinatal and neonatal period, frequently combined with peritonitis and bowel perforation. Bacteriological examinations should be obtained. This form of the acute enteritis and enterocolitis of the newborns must be taken into consideration of the ileus symptoms differential diagnosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Idiot savants: rate of incidence.

Based on the replies to a survey of 300 public residential facilities for the mentally retarded, an incidence rate for idiot savants was established. This rate of .06% is based on the reporting of 54 idiot savants within a population of 90,000 residents. Several reasons for caution in the acceptance of this incidence rate are discussed.

Aptitude↗

PubMed1978

Maternal age and Down syndrome: age-specific incidence rates by single-year intervals.

Maternal age-specific risks of giving birth to a child with the Down syndrome (DS) are given by single-year age intervals. Such data are of value for more precise genetic counseling and in cost-benefit analyses of prenatal diagnosis programs. The data were obtained by linking records of children with DS at the British Columbia Health Surveillance Registry ( BCHSR ) to the appropriate birth registrations to derive maternal ages. The data related to 519 affected children out of a total of 354,880 live births in British Columbia between 1961 and 1970. The results, which are based on a high level of ascertainment, are compared to those reported in the only other published study relating to risks by single-year maternal age groupings, where completeness of ascertainment was estimated to be only 38%.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979