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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Videotape aids informed consent decision.

Obtaining informed consent for clinical investigations represents a major legal, ethical, and moral consideration in human experimentation. Mechanisms for informing the patient vary widely, and usually no system exists to confirm the degree of information retained by the patient. A Veterans Administration Cooperative Study, begun in 1975, has used a videotape information package in addition to a standard written consent form to ensure uniformity. Each presentation was followed by a questionnaire to assess the amount of material learned before attempting randomization. Repeated showings were occasionally necessary and did not affect the rate of randomization. A videotape presentation, especially in cooperative studies, ensures uniformity, makes allowance for varying educational levels of patients, and provides documentation of the degree of informed consent.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Informed consent for fertility control services.

Informed consent has special relevance for patients seeking fertility control services who are not ill in the usual sense. Genuine informed consent requirements should not be confused with spurious ones induced by political pressure.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1979

Informed consent: special problems for psychiatry.

There is a growing demand for more patient autonomy in the doctor-patient relationship, and legal reformers believe that an expanded dodctrine of informed consent is the key to change. Informed consent is meant to force the doctor to give the patient the knowledge that will make his an equal bargaining partner. However, most evidence demonstrates that the majority of patients do not comprehend or retain medical information. Further, the legal doctrine of informed consent has never been coherently worked out. Informed consent in psychiatry is particularly complicated, because of the constitutional implications of right-to-refuse-treatment litigation and because patients may be incompetent to give informed consent as a result of their illness. One of the special problems for psychiatry is that complex consent requirements have been mandated by those who oppose certain somatic therapies. The author discusses the implications of these legal developments. He lists the kinds of informed-consent and refusal-to-consent situatons psychiatrists face and comments briefly on the most troublesome.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1978

Informed consent in medical practice. With particular reference to neurology.

Informed consent is a significant ethical as well as medicolegal issue. Both aspects are summarized in this article, which focuses on the major unresolved problems raised by legal and moral analyses of informed consent. The discussion stresses the effects of the doctrine of informed consent on medical practice, with particular reference to problems encountered in the neurological health field.

Comprehension↗
PubMed1978

A simple technique for increasing cancer patients knowledge of informed consent to treatment.

Seventy-seven sequential patients referred to a radiation oncology clinic for treatment of malignant neoplasms were tested for their immediate recall of information presented, recorded, and signed on informed consent documents. An experimental group of 40 patients were given the intervention of taking the completed form home before signing. Results support the usefulness of the intervention. The experimental patients were found to possess greater information than the 37 patients who signed the form after the usual clinic procedure in virtually every area required of informed consent. The most significant gains were made in patients' understanding of proposed treatment procedures and appropriate treatment alternatives. Women recalled more information relevant to informed consent than did men. Results also indicated a tendency for younger patients to recall more informed consent information than older patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Informed consent: a medical decision (II).

The obtaining of informed consent prior to urography is a practice of some radiologists based largely on legal considerations. Because of the possibility of inducing anxiety, a relevant factor in idiosyncratic reactions, radiologists should not obtain informed consent prior to the urographic examination.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1975

Some observations on informed consent in non-therapeutic research.

The quality of the consent obtained from 41 volunteer subjects in eight experiments is evaluated. Five subjects (all physicians) gave informed consent; 22 subjects gave partially informed consent; and 14 subjects merely gave consent. It is argued that 'informed' consent is obtainable only from medically trained people, and that lip service to this concept in laymen should cease. The concept of medical competence should instead be introduced and a personal medical referee appointed to adjudicate on behalf of the volunteer.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Disclosure and informed-consent: does it matter how we tell it?

Traditionally, informed consent has been handled by the physician in a one-to-one interchange with the patient. As standards for adequate disclosure become more rigid and demands on physician time increase, however, the physician-patient model may cease to be practical. This study evaluated four alterative disclosure models: a formal discussion, a videotape, a pamphlet, and an informal discussion, each designed and executed by a team of health educators. Study results suggest that the informed consent process is little affected by disclosure medium and that it may be possible to strive for cost-efficiency in disclosure without compromising the quality of the consent obtained. Based on these results, a two-part disclosure process is proposed which allocates certain aspects of the disclosure to the treating physician, others to health education.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Informed consent for neuroleptic therapy.

The author suggests that the frequency and severity of tardive dyskinesia in patients treated with neuroleptic drugs requires that informed consent be obtained from all patients receiving such treatment. The three basic conditions for obtaining informed consent are reviewed with discussion of some of the ethical problems encountered in the informed consent procedure. Most of these problems will be resolved if specific, written, informed consent is obtained from the patient, or his representative, within six weeks of initiating therapy, although in some cases questions may be raised about the very possibility of obtaining consent.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1977

Informed consent and confidentiality: proposed new approaches in Illinois.

The author examines the basic background and definitions of the issues of consent and, more particularly, informed consent to relinquishing the privacy of mental health records. He sets these issues in the context of some of their specific inherent problems and describes possible solutions suggested by the State of Illinois Governor's Commission To Revise the Mental Health Code.

Confidentiality↗
PubMed1977

Informed consent in California. Latent liability without 'negligence'.

Informed consent is a legal obligation due from a physician to his patient, an obligation which may not be met by the physician's skillful treatment of his patient. It may only be met by the treating physician obtaining from his patient knowing authorization for carrying out the intended medical procedure. The physician is required to disclose whatever would be material to his patient's decision, including the nature and purpose of the procedure, and the risks and alternatives. The disclosures should be made by the physician to his patient, and not through use of consent forms which are not particular to individual patients. To minimize any subsequent claim by the patient that there was a lack of adequate disclosures, the physician should record in the patient's chart the circumstances of the patient's consent, and should not rely on the patient's unreliable ability to recall those circumstances.

California↗
PubMed1979

Patient recall of informed consent.

The protection of human subjects in research is a shared responsibility. The informed consent procedure was introduced to implement protection of the subjects. The contents of consent forms have been in dispute, and the impact of the procedure on the human subject has caused concern. It was demonstrated that patients with cancer have poor recall of the contents of a signed consent form.

Consent Forms↗
PubMed1979

Bioethics and informed consent in American health care delivery.

Bioethics is a multi-dimensional discipline. The traditional aspect being medical ethics, a branch of Western philosophy which, since the time of Hippocrates, has sought to formulate rules of proper conduct for physicians. Ethics and informed consent are interrelated issues. Consent is the central issue on which hangs most of the ethical problems in human experimentation. The informed consent of the human patient is the ultimate protection from the hazards of research and therapy in medicine, the basic premise of this being that every human being has the right to determine what shall be done to his own body. The patient must have full prognosis, complications, sequelae, discomforts, costs, inconveniences, risks and expectations. Medically and ethically what should the patient be told? There appears to be no obvious format, but the patient should be told enough to allow him to make a rational decision. This paper contains an analysis of the reactions of just a few American nurses to this dilemma. The nurse who attempts to use only her scientific training to determine ethical conduct is in a quandary because seldon is there empirical evidence available to support her decision, no matter what it is.

Bioethics↗