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Criteria-based evaluation of group 3 level memory telefacsimile equipment for interlibrary loan.

The Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery, and Union List Task Force of the Health Sciences Libraries Consortium (HSLC)--with nineteen libraries located in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Hershey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware--accepted the charge of evaluating and recommending for purchase telefacsimile hardware to further interlibrary loan among HSLC members. To allow a thorough and scientific evaluation of group 3 level telefacsimile equipment, the task force identified ninety-six hardware features, which were grouped into nine broad criteria. These features formed the basis of a weighted analysis that identified three final candidates, with one model recommended to the HSLC board. This article details each of the criteria and discusses features in terms of library applications. The evaluation grid developed in the weighted analysis process should aid librarians charged with the selection of level 3 telefacsimile equipment.

Evaluation Studies as Topic

A microcomputer-based, net-lending interlibrary loan system.

A microcomputer-based, net-lending interlibrary loan system was developed at Lane Medical Library, Stanford University. The system, designed to generate the monthly billing invoices and all necessary statistical reports, has reduced the time required for logging-in procedures and compilation of monthly, quarterly, and annual statistics. User menus, help screens, and choice fields were developed explicitly for library staff who have little or no computer experience. The program was written using the DataEase database management software running on IBM PC, XT, AT, or compatible with a minimum of 512K RAM. Described are features of this automated interlibrary loan management system and its use in a net-lending interlibrary loan department. It focuses on data entry in the "Library Directory" and "ILL Log Sheet," details of billing invoices, and statistical reports, and flexibility in modifying tax rates, borrowing fees, and other parameters.

Accounting

The effect of DOCLINE on interlibrary loan volume and patterns among health sciences libraries in Michigan: preliminary analysis.

Six years of statistics on interlibrary lending and borrowing among basic unit health sciences libraries in Michigan are examined to determine the effect of the availability of an automated interlibrary loan system, DOCLINE, on interlibrary lending volume and patterns within Michigan. A trend analysis projection of expected volume is made and the predicted value compared with the actual value following the adoption of the DOCLINE system. Interlibrary loan (ILL) volume is tested to see if yearly volume increases are statistically significant. The number of libraries changing from net lender to net borrower or the reverse after the adoption of DOCLINE is tracked. Results fail to support the expectation that DOCLINE would produce major change in ILL volume or pattern.

Data Interpretation, Statistical

Impact of DOCLINE on interlibrary loan service at the National Library of Medicine.

In March 1985, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) began implementation of DOCLINE, its automated interlibrary loan request routing and referral system. By the end of fiscal year (FY) 1987, over 1,400 biomedical libraries in all seven regions of the Regional Medical Library network were using the system. This report summarizes the findings of an analysis of the interlibrary loan (ILL) requests received in FY 1987, comparing the results with a similar analysis done in FY 1984 to describe any changes in the requests or service which might be attributable to DOCLINE implementation. DOCLINE has had a substantial impact upon ILL loan service at NLM. An increase in the number of ILL requests (35% over FY 1984) can be attributed to the speed and ease with which requests may be routed to NLM through DOCLINE. Requests which cannot be filled by local or regional libraries are automatically routed by the system to NLM as the library of last resort. NLM's fill rate for serial requests has declined, however, from 78% filled in FY 1984 to 67% filled in FY 1987. Some of the decline results from the 11,000 requests that NLM did not fill because the borrowing libraries were not willing to pay the NLM charge for filling the loans.

Humans

Analysis of external and internal interlibrary loan requests: aid in collection management.

The analysis of 60,779 external interlibrary loan requests for copies of periodical articles from the collection of Erasmus University Medical Library in 1988 is described. The study was used for planning the length of backruns to be retained due to space limitations that forced the disposal of older volumes. More than 50% of requests were for the most recent two-year period, and 90% of requests could be filled with a twenty-year run of periodicals. In 1989, 4,157 internal requests were received for periodicals not owned; these were analyzed to determine those most commonly requested. Prior to subscribing, new titles were reviewed as to price, bibliometric indicators, number of requests, length of backfile, and the number of requesting departments. The Library Advisory Board decides on cancellation or purchase of periodicals; the elements considered are described.

Interlibrary Loans

TWX and interlibrary loans; one library's experience.

Vanderbilt Medical Center Library (VMCL) first installed TWX in 1966, thus joining the teletypewriter exchange (TWX) network. Eight years later (1974), VMCL removed its TWX terminal, mainly as an economy measure. It is the opinion of the author that the benefits derived from using TWX for interlibrary loan do not warrant the cost of the service. VMCL looks forward to a new approach.

Interlibrary Loans

Interlibrary loan of audiovisual materials in the health sciences: how a system operates in New Jersey.

An audiovisual loan program developed by the library of the College of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey is described. This program, supported by an NLM grant, has circulated audiovisual software from CMDNJ to libraries since 1974. Project experiences and statistics reflect the great demand for audiovisuals by health science libraries and demonstrate that a borrowing system following the pattern of traditional interlibrary loan can operate effectively and efficiently to serve these needs.

Audiovisual Aids

Mobilization of duplicates in a Regional Medical Library Program.

An overabundance of duplicate journals without an efficient and economical method of distribution caused one library's staff to reassess traditional methods of dispersal. A simplified form for listing duplicates was devised. In conjunction with the Regional Medical Library Program and the extension program, lists of duplicates were distributed to hospital and clinical libraries. These libraries selected materials to strengthen their ability to fill information needs at the local level and to conserve RMLP support for esoteric and expensive materials. In a two-year period, 86,000 individual pieces were distributed. Some lessening of interlibrary loan requests from heavy users was documented. In an evaluation survey users expressed satisfaction with the program. The successful use of the duplicate program will lead to a further experiment--the library will attempt to fill interlibrary loan requests for common journals with hard copy rather than photocopy in a cost and time reduction effort.

Book Collecting

Hospital libraries' consortium blunts impact of budget cuts.

Hospital libraries frequently are faced with increasing costs for journals and other educational resources, increasing demand for continuing education materials by health care professionals, and decreasing budgets to meet these needs. Several medical and hospital libraries in Illinois are providing continued, and possibly improved, services under budgetary constraints through a consortium that emphasizes sharing of resources, interlibrary loans, librarian consultation services, and cost-saving projects.

Budgets

A local network for sharing resources and technical support: BACS/PHILNET.

Within the framework of large regional and national networks, local libraries can benefit by working together. We report the establishment of an online health sciences library network to share resources and technical support in the greater St. Louis area. BACS/PHILNET has evolved beyond a local automated interlibrary loan network to pilot off-site integrated library and information management systems in hospitals.

Computer Communication Networks

Interlibrary cooperation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: the holder-of-record system.

The Saudi Arabian Ministry of Defense and Aviation, which contracts for management of military hospitals, responded to the libraries' needs for more complete and extensive journal holdings. Better journal coverage was achieved through improved communication and cooperation among neighbor libraries, and through systematic implementation of a holder-of-record system. Interlibrary loan activity was more evenly distributed, and 70% of requisitions which previously had to be handled by foreign libraries can now be filled in Saudi Arabia.

Hospitals, Military

Biomedical periodicals in Nigerian Medical Libraries: the medical librarian's dilemma.

The Nigerian medical librarian has an uphill task in his effort to satisfy the journal needs of users of his library. His problems stem from difficulties in the selection and acquisition of journals, delay in postal services, budgetary and other administrative controls, and the changing nature of medical education and health-care services in Nigeria. The librarian's attempts to solve these problems include increased subscriptions to journals and use of interlibrary loans, but the absence of union lists of holdings of other libraries, the heavy cost of photocopying services, and poor postal facilities present another dimension to his problems. Eventually his best solution seems to lie in the establishment of a national center for "least used" journals to serve as a source stock for the country's medical libraries.

Book Selection

Using the OCLC union listing component for a statewide health sciences union list of serials.

Union lists of serials are critical to the effective operation of interlibrary loan networks. The Michigan Health Sciences Libraries Association used the OCLC union list component to produce the Michigan Statewide Health Sciences Union List of Serials (MISHULS). MISHULS, which includes the serials holdings of ninety-three hospital health sciences libraries, is a subset of a statewide multi-type union list maintained on OCLC. The rationale for a statewide list and the criteria for choosing vendors are discussed. Typical costs are provided. Funding sources are identified and a unique approach to decentralized input is described. The benefits of resource sharing in a larger, multi-type library network are also explored.

Interlibrary Loans