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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Staining of glycosaminoglycans of intervertebral disc tissue.

Intervertebral discs of six species were stained with Alcian blue and PAS methods to identify glycosaminoglycans. The polyanions are most concentrated in 'ring-like' pericellular areas and in material lying between individual lamellae and bundles of collagen. A slight increase occurs early in life and towards the disc centre. The concentration of glycosaminoglycans cannot be correlated with species which are known to suffer from clinical disc disease, though there appears to be a higher concentration in the discs of the cat and dog than in other species studied.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Variations in size of the bony lumbar canal in patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral discs.

Prolapse of the lumbar intervertebral disc is one of the commonly accepted causes of low back pain. Most patients respond well to conservative treatment, but some may not respond at all. Though the reason for this variation is not clearly understood, it is felt that a developmentally narrow spinal canal might have some relation to the persistence of backache and sciatica. The canal was therefore measured at each of the lumbar vertebral level by a method described by Jones and Thomson (1969) in 100 consecutive patients operated upon for prolapsed lumbar intervertebral discs, in 100 normal patients for comparison. This method does not give direct measurements of the bony spinal canal but provides a ratio of the size of the canal to the adjacent vertebral body. We found a trend towards the presence of a narrower than normal lumbar canal in patients with prolapsed lumbar intervertebral discs. It is concluded that in patients with prolapsed lumbar intervertebral discs necessitating operation, the canal tends to be narrower than normal, and such narrowing enhances the effect of any disc protrusion leading to severe symptoms of backache and sciatica.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Inadequacies and hazards of chymopapain injections as treatment for intervertebral disc disease.

Chymopapain chemonucleolysis was performed on 100 patients with primary lumbar intervertebral disc disease. The results were compared with those of 174 patients who underwent laminotomy, foraminotomy, and discectomy. Primary lumbar intervertebral disc disease was arbitrarily divided into degenerative, complex, previous surgical, and simple disc syndromes. No difference was seen between chemonucleolysis and surgery in the first three divisions; between 55 percent and 60 per cent of patients responded successfully to treatment. In the simple disc division 89 per cent of the surgical and 60 per cent of the chemonucleolysis patients had successful results.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Anterior intervertebral disc herniations (report of six cases).

Six new patients with anterior intervetebral disc herniations are reported. This is probably one of the most common causes of back pain in children. Excessive sport activity and osteoporosis are probably two main causes of anterior intervertebral disc herniations. Anterior intervertebral disc herniation is a severe complication of prolonged, mild trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

Mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc herniation: a mitochondrial related genome-wide Mendelian randomization analysis.

BACKGROUND: As a degenerative disease, the pathophysiology of intervertebral disc herniation (IDH) closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the specific molecular mechanisms involved have yet to be precisely established. METHODS: Here, we employed a two-sample, two-step Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach, along with summary-Data-Based MR, genetic colocalization, full phenomenon association analysis, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis to investigate the genetical effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on IDH. RESULTS: From the intercross between mitochondrial-related genes and eQTLGen genes, we obtained seven genes (DMPK, EHHADH, SLC25A16, ME3, METTL17, TUFM, NDUFA13) with strong causal association with disc herniation. By SMR and genetic colocalization analysis, we further identify five key genes (EHHADH, METTL17, TUFM, NDUFA13, DMPK) as the direct causal tartgeted genes with no heterogeneity and pleiotropy in the SNPs of the genes. Full phenomenon Mendelian randomization was performed to determine possible side effects of the 5 targeting genes. Finally, we validated the expressions of key genes in the degenerative intervertebral discs tissues by qRT-PCR and double-immunofluorescence examinations, and the results were consistent with the MR analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provided genetic support for the relationship between mitochondrial related genes and IDH, implicating potential therapeutic targets for future development. However, more basic experiments need to be finished to validate the role of key genes in the development of IDH.

Intervertebral Disc Displacement↗
PubMed1979

Neutral protease inhibitors from human intervertebral disc and femoral head articular cartilage.

Assays of several proteases, incorporating guanidinium chloride extracts of human femoral head cartilage and intervertebral disc, demonstrated that both tissues contain inhibitors of certain serine proteases. Trypsin, chymotrypsin and a granule extract of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes containing elastase and cathepsin G activities, were inhibited by low molecular weight fractions prepared by Sephadex G-75 chromatography. Using a radioassay, it was further shown that these fractions inhibit proteolysis of cartilage proteoglycan. The inhibitor in intervertebral disc is concentrated in the nucleus pulposus, with a decreasing gradient to the periphery of the annulus fibrosus. It is proposed that these inhibitors confer at least partial protection against pathological proteolysis of the proteoglycans in human articular cartilage and nucleus pulposus.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Chymopapain treatment of intervertebral disc disease.

In the first of a two-part study, the authors review the known biochemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and experimental data concerning chymopapain and the intervertebral disc. They describe the action of this proteolytic enzyme, which apparently disrupts the protein mucopolysaccharide component of disc material, most marked in the nucleus pulposus. A rapid conversion to collagen causes a loss of disc space height; toxicity appears to result from alteration of bonding between capillary endothelial cells that in turn produces hemorrhage. Part 2 reviews significant reported results and complications of clinical chemonucleolysis.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1976

Effects of collagenase upon the intervertebral disc in monkeys.

The authors studied 5 rhesus monkeys for the effects of annulotomy, with or without the addition of a bacterially-derived collagenase into the nuclear-evacuated centrum of lumbar intervertebral discs. The animals were sacrificed from 3 weeks to 21 months after the single or staged double procedures. The earliest radiographic changes were loss of height of the interspace at 7 days, erosion of the vertebral body margins at 3 weeks, malalignment at 6 weeks, osteophytic formation at 3 1/2 months, sclerosis of vertebral body surfaces at 9 1/2 months, and fusion of adjacent vertebral bodies at 13 1/2 months. Pathological changes included early loss of disc convexity, focal new home formation, osteophytic new growth, through-and-through bone formation, irregular cystification, and disc replacement by hyaline fibrous tissue. Changes were reminiscent of those seen in humans with naturally acquired disc disease or aging of the disc. Injuries were produced in a tissue that probably has a limited scope of variation in reaction to insult.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The treatment of thoracic intervertebral disc protrusions.

A series of seventeen patients with a protruded thoracic intervertebral disc is reported. In many cases a trauma, which was sometimes mild, seems to have played a role. This and signs and symptoms (of which pronounced numbness and obtrusive paraesthesiae are the most important) should suggest the diagnosis. In such patients myelography and tomography of the thoracic region is indicated. Twelve of the seventeen patients operated upon improved and nine of them made a good or excellent recovery.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1977

Intervertebral disc space infection: another low back syndrome of the young.

Pyogenic disc space infection is a rare and unappreciated cause of low back pain. Reported herein is a young man with chronic low back pain and the HLA-B27 antigen which initially led to the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis. However, serial lumbar radiographs and bone scan established an inflammatory lesion involving the L2-L3 intervertebral disc space, and persistently normal sacroiliac joints. A needle biopsy and culture of the disc space yielded Staphylococuss aureus. Treatment with antibiotics, bed rest and back bracing resulted in a complete resolution of symptoms and healing of the vertebral lesion. It is the purpose of this report to review the clinical, laboratory and radiographic features of intervertebral disc space infection as well as pitfalls in its diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The proteoglycans of the human intervertebral disc.

The methods of Hascall & Sajdera (1969) were used to compare the proteoglycans of human intervertebral disc with those of bovine nasal cartilage. In contrast with cartilage, most of the hexuronate of disc could be extracted at low shear with water or dilute salt solutions. Extracts of disc with 4M-guanidinium chloride were centrifugated in 0.4M-guanidinium chloride in a CsCl gradient. Analytical ultracentrifugation of the hexuronate-containing heavy component revealed two fractions. both more polydisperse than those of cartilage. Also the more rapidly sediminting component was a much smaller fraction of the total. After prior extraction with 0.4M-guanidinium chloride, 4M-guanidinium chloride extracts of disc were found, by ultracentrifugal analysis, to be enriched in components resembling the proteoglycan monomer and aggregating factors of cartilage.

Animals↗
PubMed2024

Disassembly of the TRIM56-ATR complex promotes cytoDNA/cGAS/STING axis-dependent intervertebral disc inflammatory degeneration.

As the leading cause of disability worldwide, low back pain (LBP) is recognized as a pivotal socioeconomic challenge to the aging population and is largely attributed to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Elastic nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue is essential for the maintenance of IVD structural and functional integrity. The accumulation of senescent NP cells with an inflammatory hypersecretory phenotype due to aging and other damaging factors is a distinctive hallmark of IVDD initiation and progression. In this study, we reveal a mechanism of IVDD progression in which aberrant genomic DNA damage promoted NP cell inflammatory senescence via activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of IFN genes (cGAS/STING) axis but not of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome assembly. Ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related protein (ATR) deficiency destroyed genomic integrity and led to cytosolic mislocalization of genomic DNA, which acted as a powerful driver of cGAS/STING axis-dependent inflammatory phenotype acquisition during NP cell senescence. Mechanistically, disassembly of the ATR-tripartite motif-containing 56 (ATR-TRIM56) complex with the enzymatic liberation of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 5 (USP5) and TRIM25 drove changes in ATR ubiquitination, with ATR switching from K63- to K48-linked modification, c thereby promoting ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent dynamic instability of ATR protein during NP cell senescence progression. Importantly, an engineered extracellular vesicle-based strategy for delivering ATR-overexpressing plasmid cargo efficiently diminished DNA damage-associated NP cell senescence and substantially mitigated IVDD progression, indicating promising targets and effective approaches to ameliorate the chronic pain and disabling effects of IVDD.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

The anatomy of the lumbar intervertebral disc syndrome.

Four elements of the nervous system may be involved in the production of the lumbar intervertebral disc syndrome. These are the lumbosacral nerve roots, the spinal nerves, the dorsal rami and the sinuvertebral nerves. Each nerve is associated with a particular group of pathological conditions which may irritate the nerve and produce symptoms. The anatomy of each nerve determines which particular conditions may irritate it. Moreover, one or both of two mechanisms may be involved in symptom production. The type of nerve irritated determines which mechanism is involved. In the first mechanism, low back pain and referred lower limb symptoms are produced when afferent fibres from dorsal and ventral rami are stimulated where they pass in common through spinal nerves or nerve roots. In the second mechanism, dorsal rami or sinuvertebral nerves are stimulated. This directly produces low back pain, but referred pain is produced by reflex mechanisms in the spinal cord.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1979

Oxygen tension measurements in the intervertebral disc. A methodological and experimental study.

A polarographic membrane-covered electrode has been used for measurements of oxygen tension in the intervertebral disc. In vitro studies showed that the method measured partial pressures of oxygen with good reproducibility. However, in long continuous experiments, disc matrix adhering to the membrane influenced the readings negatively. The results of in vivo measurements in canine nucleus pulposus showed tensions of the order of 0.53 - 1.06 KPa (4 - 8 mm Hg). No significant variations between different disc levels were found.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intervertebral disc herniation in the adolescent.

Twenty-nine patients between 14 and 20 years of age underwent surgical treatment for intervertebral disc herniation over a 10-year period. Trauma was a significant factor in 59%. Back pain was a major complaint in all cases, and all but one had significant sciatic distress. Typical painful, restricted forward flexion was found in 22 cases. All patients had definite signs of nerve root tension. Nerve compression signs were present in 41%. Myelography was done in all cases, and discography was performed on 22 patients to aid in diagnosis and planning of definitive treatment. Twenty-three patients were followed over an average of 5.3 years. Excellent or good results were found in 89%. One patient required a further surgical procedure. Analyzing 12 procedures performed at the L5-S1 level demonstrated excellent results in all patients undergoing lumbosacral fusion combined with discotomy at this level in the presence of a normal L4-5 discogram.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Extensive bony condensation of the vertebrae in intervertebral disc degeneration. (Study of 25 cases)].

The authors report 25 cases of extensive bony condensation of the vertebrae due to degeneration of the intervertebral discs, giving on lateral XRay a dome-shaped or helmet-shaped appearance. 19 cases occurred in women. Two-thirds of the patients were aged between 35 and 55 years, with an average of 45 years. The lesions were lumbar in 21 patients. They affected in 20 cases two adjacent vertebrae. All the clinical, radiological, pathological and discographic findings, together with the course, confirmed the degenerative origin of these bony condensations, the pathogenesis of which is still not perfectly understood.

Adult↗