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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Information in the early stages after spinal cord injury.

The information of the patient in the early stages after his spinal cord injury is often deficient. The opinion of 60 patients regarding some aspects of the information given to them during these early stages is discussed. The actual approach of patients with acute traumatic para- or tetraplegia, providing early detailed information and including a psychological interview, is presented.

Counseling↗
PubMed1978

[Pluri-dimensional study of psychological factors in coronary disease].

To palliate certain criticisms levelled at workers studying psychological factors in coronary artery disease, the authors have applied a pluri-dimensional approach associating a semi-direct psychological interview, a self-evaluation test (Bortner scale), an Eysenck personality test and Sandler and Hazari's test of obsessional behaviour. This protocol was applied to 222 patients hospitalised for coronary artery disease and 522 random controls. The psychological interview and Bortner test showed a significantly higher proportion of A pattern and especially extreme A pattern behaviour in patients with coronary artery disease (32.6 % in coronary patients 9.7 % in controls). The personality questionnaire showed a greater tendency to neurotic behaviour in the coronary patients. These results were independant of age and sex. In the present study, psychological factors are given equal importance to other major risk factors (tobacco, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia). They are independant of these other factors. A prospective study using the same protocol is being prepared.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A psychological study of patients undergoing cosmetic surgery.

This is an investigative study of the personality of patients requesting cosmetic rhinoplasty. Analysis of data obtained from objective projective tests and psychological interviews indicated that patients seeking cosmetic surgery are not as psychologically disturbed as often as described. Comparative studies showed certain personality characteristics to be associated with patients who seek cosmetic surgery. While evaluations 18 months after surgery showed no major personality change, self-concept was improved. Certain disturbing personality patterns indicative of psychological risk were identified. These fell more in the range personality disorders, exemplified by the infantile-narcissistic and the manipulative controlling personalities rather than in somatic ranges. We recommend a simple interview question method of counseling designed to identify underlying psychological manifestations and to control the potential problem patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A field study of the stress response syndrome. Young women after hysterectomy.

The symptom pattern previously delineated as the stress response syndrome in a mental health setting was hypothesized to be useful in conceptualizing reactions to a traumatic event in a nonpsychiatric patient population. The experience of loss resulting from nonelective hysterectomy for benign disease in women of childbearing age was selected as a relevant field study model. Twenty-eight women were studied one year after hysterectomy, using extensive psychological interviewing by women clinicians and experiential rating scales. Twelve subjects had a mild stress response syndrome, and five subjects had a serious level of intrusive and avoidant symptoms. Increasing severity of response was associated with persisting child-wish, deterioration in sexual functioning, and change in self-concept. Women who did well postoperatively generally had no future wish for children and were actively committed to achievement outside of the home.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

Platelet MAO activity and evoked potentials in the identification of subjects biologically at risk for psychiatric disorders.

Individuals potentially at risk for psychiatric disorders were identified by screening 375 college student volunteers for low platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity levels. The lower and upper 10% in MAO activity were administered a personal and family history interview, psychological tests and average evoked response (AER) electroencephalographic procedures. Results indicated that low MAO males and females were socially more active, had more psychiatric contact, and had relatives who were psychiatrically more disturbed than high MAO subjects. Low MAO males had more convictions, experimented more with illegal drugs and had elevated scores on the MMPI. AER criteria further defined a high risk group of low MAO-AER augmenters which had more suicides among their relatives and higher scores on the schizophrenia scale of the MMPI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Work and disability at the age of 30 years. A sociomedical study of a birth-cohort from Bergen. VI. Education, intellectual ability and occupation.

The relationships between occupation, education and intellectual ability at 30 years of age are analysed with particular reference to type of school attended at the age of 14 years. Data utilized are derived from interviews, psychological tests, local files of various schools, and journals of the National Services for Mentally Retarded. The study comprises all live births in the year 1940 of mothers then residing in Bergen, a total of 1570 persons. A sample was taken from this cohort after stratification according to type of school attended at age 14 years. The sample was supplemented with persons who had either attended Special Schools for the educable Mentally Retarded (EMR) or received care from the Services for the Mentally Retarded (SMR). The final sample consisted of 262 persons. A relationship was found for both sexes between type of school attended at the age of 14 years and level of general education at the age of 30. For men, both occupational training acquired and intellecutal ability at 30 years were also clearly related to type of school attended at age 14 years. The test performance of the male group was superior to that of the female group. Differing careers in the two sexes may provide a clue as to the reason underlying this finding.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Organic impotence. Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects (author's transl)].

Organic impotence is far more frequent than usually thought. Diagnosed frequently on clinical grounds, organic impotence is confirmed by more sophisticated and invasive techniques (Multi Modal Psychologic interview: MMPI, Nocturnal penile tumescence detection, pelvic angiography). Apart from local and neurogenic factors, vasculogenic impotence seems very frequent although its treatment has not met with the anticipated success. Intracavernous prosthesis remains the best form of palliative treatment in cases of organic impotence.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Assessment interviewing in clinical psychology.

The relative specificity of the structure of psychological traits has presented the clinical psychologist with a very difficult problem; it means that generalized test procedures are of limited use. This paper suggests: (1) that the interview presents one way of beginning to solve this problem, and (2) that the findings of psychological research may provide the means of arriving at a distinctive style of valid interviewing for assessment purposes. This style has two main features: (1) it facilitates self-exploration and self-disclosure and (2) it maximizes the accuracy of the information obtained. An outline of some of the research findings is presented; some of the methodological problems are discussed; and a brief example is given.

Communication↗
PubMed1975

The assessment of social adjustment. A review of techniques.

Interest in the community adjustment of psychiatric patients has led to the development of rating techniques for its evaluation. Selection of an appropriate scale for the task should include a review of its item content, anchor points, coverage, method of obtaining information, informant, psychometric properties, precision, cost, scoring, and instructional material. While no scale is without limitations, this report describes 15 currently available scales that meet many of the important criteria for assessing social adjustment and are sufficiently developed to be useful in evaluative research. This review also contains a list of pertinent references to the scales and guide to the literature on behavioral rating scales.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1978

Psychiatric liaison nurse for neurosurgery: an innovative approach to management of chronic pain.

A fundamental aim of the Neurosurgical Unit at Georgia Baptist Medical Center is to enable each individual to return to normal and meaningful functioning. The problem of chronic pain almost always results in a steady decrease in those activities, interests, and concerns which are essential to the normal process of living. When the process is disrupted, the result is usually a feeling of despair and uselessness. These problems will almost inevitably complicate the pain experience. In addition, the ever present stress that accompanies severe and chronic problems of any sort tends to result in related psychological difficulties such as depression, anxiety, feelings of inadequacy and a multitude of other family and personal problems. These difficulties often become major features of an individual's pain problem. A holistic approach to patient care is based on the concept that each individual needs to be considered physically, psychologically and spiritually. The active participation of the psychiatric liaison nurse as a member of the neurosurgical team helps integrate the forces that enable such an approach. By focusing on a thorough patient assessment, improved staff morale and improved well being of patients, the psychiatric liaison nurse assists the team in focusing its energy on total comprehensive patient care. The combination of clinical neurosurgical treatment and psychological care has proven effective in helping our neurosurgical team achieve the fundamental goal toward which we all work.

Back Pain↗