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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Comparison of a new specific IgE assay Quidel allergy screen to skin prick test, intradermal test, and RAST].

Quidel Allergy Screen (QAS), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, has been developed for measuring IgE antibodies against 9 allergens (HD 1, HD 2, Mite 1, Mite 2, Japanese cedar, ragweed, cat dander, sweet vernal grass, and egg white) at the same time. To determine whether this assay is useful in screening allergen-specific IgE antibody, we compared the titers of IgE antibodies against the 9 allergens measured by QAS to the obtained in skin prick tests, in intradermal tests and by RAST in 93 atopic asthmatics and 25 normal subjects. We found a good agreement between the reactivity of skin prick tests and the reactivity of QAS. There was a significant correlation between the threshold doses of intradermal tests and the titers of QAS. We also found a good agreement between the reactivity of RAST and the reactivity of QAS, and a strong correlation between the titers of RAST and the titers of QAS. Thus, it is concluded that QAS is useful in screening IgE antibodies against multiple allergens simultaneously.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1986

IgG levels after treatment with antigen vials based on the scratch testing, intradermal testing, modified RAST testing.

In this study, there were three groups of patients--each group consisting of four patients. The first group had been skin tested by the scratch method, the second group was skin tested by the end point titration intradermal method, and the third group had been tested for inhalant allergy by the modified RAST technique. All of them had multiple treatment vials made, dependent on the type of testing they had, and the vials all included the ten inhalants that were tested for. All patients had been treated for a year with weekly immunotherapy injections. Specific IgG levels, blocking antibody levels to the ten inhalant allergens, were determined. The results were that the patients who had been scratch tested had the lowest levels of specific IgG blocking antibody--while both intradermal end point titration and modified RAST testing had much higher elevations of blocking IgG antibody, with the RAST having the highest. It is concluded that, since the treatment vials prepared after scratch testing of all the antigens are at the same concentration, there are many antigens that are not given in adequate amounts to cause a good IgG response whereas, by calibrating the concentrations of antigens in the intradermal titration and the modified RAST testing, all the antigens are being injected in sufficient quantities to get a good blocking antibody response.

Desensitization, Immunologic↗
PubMed2001

The ACVD task force on canine atopic dermatitis (XVII): intradermal testing.

Intradermal testing has been practiced for decades in human and veterinary medicine. The primary utility of intradermal testing is in the demonstration of IgE-mediated allergen hypersensitivity. The presence of a positive reaction on an intradermal test is not always indicative of allergy, as it may sometimes be an indication of sub-clinical hypersensitivity. Despite its widespread use by veterinary dermatologists, the usefulness of the intradermal test would be greatly enhanced by the use of standardized allergen extracts and homogeneous criteria for the interpretation of results. Irrespective of these shortcomings, intradermal testing is regarded as a valuable tool in the demonstration of allergen-specific hypersensitivity when performed according to accepted guidelines.

Allergens↗
PubMed1985

Diagnosis and immunotherapy of mould allergy. II. Reproducibility and relationship between skin sensitivity estimated by end-point titration and histamine equivalent reaction using skin prick test and intradermal test.

To determine reproducibility and the optimal way of expressing skin sensitivity, simultaneous skin prick tests (SPT) and intradermal tests (ICT) were performed on 25 mould-allergic patients. The patients had a well-documented history of allergy to Cladosporium and Alternaria and were tested with partially purified standardized extracts of these two mould species. Skin prick tests were carried out on the volar side of the forearm and intradermal tests on the backs of the patients. The skin tests were performed as titration using quadruplicate determinations of 10-fold allergen dilutions. The area of the skin reactions measured by planimetry were plotted in a log-log system as a function of the allergen concentration. The reproducibility (SD/mean area X 100%) of the ICTs was significantly higher than that of the SPTs (17% versus 29%). A very low reproducibility was found with wheal areas less than 5 mm2. The dose response curve of the SPT wheal area was steeper than that obtained with ICT, both concerning ICT wheal and flare. Increasing the allergen concentration with a factor 10 resulted in a doubling of the wheal area in SPT, in contrast to a factor 1.7 using ICT. The coefficient of correlation using linear regression on the dose response curve was always higher than 0.9 with SPT and ICT wheal, but significantly lower with ICT flare. Skin sensitivity was estimated as end-point and histamine equivalent reaction. No significant correlation between SPT and ICT end-point titration was found contrary to the histamine equivalent reaction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Yellow jacket allergy. Comparison of skin prick tests and intradermal tests with three different yellow jacket venom extracts.

The aim of the present study was to compare yellow jacket venom extracts from two different companies and to compare skin prick test (SPT) with intradermal test (IDT). IDT and SPT with yellow jacket venom (ALK and Pharmacia Reless) were performed on 54 yellow jacket allergic patients and 44 symptom-free volunteers. Venom was diluted to 300, 100, 10 and 1 microgram/ml for SPT and 10(0), 10(-1), 10(-2), 10(-3) and 10(-4) micrograms/ml for IDT, according to the manufacturers' instructions. Skin tests were performed on both forearms. Both extracts showed approximately the same relationship between sensitivity and specificity, but the Pharmacia Reless yellow jacket venom extract showed a 5-10 fold higher biological activity in both SPT and IDT. Thus yellow jacket venoms of ALK and Pharmacia Reless are not comparable in allergen activity at the same venom concentrations. Using extracts from the same company, SPT and IDT were comparable with regard to sensitivity and specificity at an allergen concentration 1000 times higher for SPT than for IDT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Comparison of in vitro assay for specific IgE and skin prick test with intradermal test in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Among many diagnostic tests for allergic rhinitis, the intradermal (ID) test is practical and reliable. However, there are several factors affecting compliance, practicability and interpretation, and also problems on hypersensitivity of the ID. For these reasons, we evaluated other tests which have been thought to have high reliability as diagnostic and/or screening assays, namely, skin prick test and specific IgE detection in seventy-four perennial rhinitis patients (51 males and 23 females whose ages were between 15-60 years). In this study, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae extracts, known to be the most common aeroallergens in Thailand, were used as the allergens/antigens. Compared to the standard ID test, sensitivities to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae of the studied patients tested by skin prick test were 90.4% and 86.4%, and specificities were 99.5% and 93.1%, respectively. Sensitivities to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae using specific IgE assay were 96.3% and 88.9%, and specificities were 96.2% and 88.9%, respectively. It was concluded that the skin prick test can be used as a screening method for patients with allergic rhinitis, while the specific IgE detection can be used as an alternative for diagnosis of patients who are susceptible to the ID test or for those who are severely susceptible to allergic rhinitis such that medication can not be withdrawn for the ID test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

A comparison of skin prick tests, intradermal skin tests, and RASTs in the diagnosis of cat allergy.

BACKGROUND: Skin testing and RASTs are the most commonly used methods for the diagnosis of allergy. Questions remain, however, as to the accuracy of these tests, particularly with regard to the role of intradermal skin tests (IDSTs) in the evaluation of respiratory allergy. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive value of skin prick tests (SPTs), IDSTs, and RASTs in the diagnosis of cat allergy. METHODS: Patients were challenged with a well-characterized cat exposure model after evaluation by history, SPTs, IDSTs (if SPT results were negative), and RASTs. All patients were evaluated with respect to their upper respiratory responses, although only those patients with asthma were included in the analysis of lower airway responses. Challenge results were considered positive if the mean upper respiratory symptom score was 0.5 or more, the mean lower respiratory symptom score was 0.4 or more, or the maximum fall in FEV1 value was 15% or more. RESULTS: One hundred twenty patients were evaluated. SPT values were positive in 81 patients; of the remaining 39 patients, IDST values were positive in 26 patients. RASTs were performed in 89 patients; the values were positive in 45 of 51 patients with a positive SPT value and were negative in all patients with a negative SPT value. When any positive challenge outcome was considered, positive challenge results were seen in 38 of 41 patients with a positive SPT score, in 10 of 39 patients with a negative SPT score, in 6 of 26 patients with a positive IDST score, in 4 of 13 patients with a negative IDST score, in 27 of 27 patients with a positive RAST score, and in 12 of 44 patients with a negative RAST score. CONCLUSION: Although both SPT and RAST values exhibited excellent efficiency in the diagnosis of cat allergy, IDST scores added little to the diagnostic evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Value of leukocytic histamine liberation tests and intradermal tests in the diagnosis of anaphylactoid reactions to anesthetic products].

Skin tests and leukocyte histamine release (LHR) were carried out in 14 patients who had presented an anaphylactic reaction during general anaesthesia; they were compared with a control group of 14 normal subjects. Histamine release was measured by a fluorimetric method after contact in vitro between patient's basophils and native drug at various concentrations. More than 10% LHR and a diphasic release curve were considered to be mandatory to certify an anaphylactic origin. The reliability and the specificity of the LHR seemed excellent. The discriminative power between the two groups was statistically significant (p less than 0.0001). Except for two cases, investigated soon after the accident, in which the total histamine level was too low, LHR appeared reliable and its association with skin tests gave the diagnosis of anaphylaxis in 13 of the 14 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Patch testing and aeroallergen intradermal testing in facial dermatitis.

The rôle of contact allergens and aeroallergens in facial dermatitis (FD) was studied. 114 cases of FD were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 comprised 47 cases of facial cosmetic dermatitis (FCD), in which all patients had a history of dermatitis related to cosmetics clinically; group 2 comprised 15 cases of seasonal facial dermatitis (SFD); Group 3 comprised 52 cases of other FD (OFD) that could not be categorized as FCD or SFD. Reactions to contact allergens and aeroallergens were detected using patch testing and intradermal testing, respectively, with non-facial eczematous skin disease patients serving as controls. The positivity rate for each allergen between different groups was compared by the chi2-test. The results show that the positivity rate for fragrance mix in FCD is much higher than in non-FCD (27.7% versus 6.7% in SFD, 7.6% in OFD and 6% in eczema patients, p<0.05). No significant difference was detected for other common allergens, such as PPD, rubber mix, nickel sulfate, and colophonium (p>0.05 for all). These results suggest that fragrance mix contains the main contact allergens in FCD. Patch testing with patients' own products also yields high numbers of relevant results in FCD and OFD. No relevant patch test results were found in SFD, indicating that contact allergy may not be relevant to SFD. No significant difference was observed between intradermal skin reactions to aeroallergens, including pollens and moulds, in SFD, OFD, FCD and controls. These results suggest that Type I reactions to aeroallergens may not be relevant in FD. The rôle of aeroallergens in FD needs to be studied further.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prick and intradermal tests compared with specific IgE in allergic assessment.

Allergic assessment in symptomatic patients often requires more tests and they can be conflicting. Sixty outpatients, suffering from seasonal or periannal respiratory symptoms, underwent prick tests, intradermal reactions and specific IgE (IgEs) determination by enzime immunoassay for eight common allergens; in addition total IgE were measured. At the end of the study 512 tests were performed. Total serum IgE levels had no significance in the results. There was a statistically different behaviour among three methods; a positive or negative concordance was found in 64.1% of tests whereas in the others (35.9%) results were conflicting. In particular it was seen that a prick test positive was confirmed by intradermal reaction and a test prick and intradermal negative was not probably confirmed by IgEs. Serum specific IgE levels were higher in subjects prick and intradermal positive than in prick negative and intradermal or IgEs positive subjects. Intradermal reactions were found positive especially in mites and often they were not confirmed by prick or IgEs. So prick test is always the routine test; intradermal test ought to be used if there were prick tests negative and patient's history positive. If prick and intradermal test were found negative it is plausible that the measurement of specific IgE will be negative circumscribing even more the number of individuals where determination of serum specific antibody is necessary.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

Patch testing and aeroallergen intradermal testing in suspected allergic contact dermatitis, unclassified endogenous eczema and non-atopic chronic urticaria.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of contact allergen and aeroallergen sensitization in suspected allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), unclassified endogenous eczema (UEE) and non-atopic chronic urticaria (NACU). 63 cases of suspected ACD, 140 cases of suspected UEE and 21 cases of suspected NACU were patch tested with the standard series of Beijing Medical University and, if available, suspected materials as is. 22 such cases of ACD, 104 such cases of UEE and 42 such cases of NACU were intradermally tested with common aeroallergens. Patients with non-allergic skin disease served as controls. 85.7% of the suspected ACD patients, 57.9% of the suspected UEE patients and 52.4% of the suspected NACU patients were positive on patch testing, and the results in 81.0% of the suspected ACD patients and 23.6% of the suspected UEE patients were considered relevant. No patch test reactions in the NACU patients were considered relevant. 27.1% of the suspected UEE patients, 41.3% of the suspected ACD patients and 14.3% of the suspected NACU patients reacted to 2 or more contact allergens. High positive rates on aeroallergen intradermal testing were also found in suspected NACU (69.0%), UEE (49.0%) and ACD (59.1%) patients. These results support the conclusions that patients with allergic skin diseases will develop multiple sensitization, and that early detection and avoidance of sensitizing allergens is necessary. The exact rôle of aeroallergen sensitization in these diseases needs further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Induction of humoral antibodies by a BHV-1 intradermal test].

An intradermal test for the diagnosis of BHV 1 (Intrakutantest Behringwerke AG) was applied to 53 nonvaccinated BHV 1-seronegative cattle aged 7 months to 8 years. Serologic blood testing performed subsequently using ELISA (Enzygnost-IBR/IPV, Behringwerke AG) and SNT revealed seroconversion in 24 of 45 animals without previous maternal antibodies. A second application of the intradermal test after these BHV 1-antibodies had declined, lead to a 'booster-effect' while a control group remained negative. Six of nine animals not affected by the first intradermal application of BHV 1-antigen, developed BHV 1-antibodies following the second intradermal test. Eight animals possessing maternal antibodies showed no serological response to the intradermal test at all. Present results strongly suggest an induction of humoral BHV 1-antibodies by the intradermal application of inactivated BHV 1. Consequently, the indirect control of BHV 1 infections, especially in cattle breeding farms, should be done exclusively by serological examination.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of three prick test methods with the intradermal test and with the rast in the diagnosis of mite allergy.

Three prick test methods were compared in the diagnosis of mite allergy--the Morrow Brown standardized needle, the Multi-test device and a modified prick test. They were compared with the intradermal test and with specific IgE antibodies measured by RAST. Thirty patients and 10 control subjects were tested. The intradermal test was always positive in patients but induced two false positive reactions. All prick test methods gave false negative reactions. The Multi-Test device produced intermediate reactions between prick test and intradermal test.

Adolescent↗