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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Renal handling of iodamide and diatrizoate. Evidence of active tubular secretion of iodamide.

Active tubular secretion of iodamide, a water-soluble contrast medium, was demonstrated by comparing the clearances of iodamide, iothalamate and inulin. Passive tubular back diffusion was not found. The fraction excreted by tubular secretion was significantly reduced at "clinical" plasma concentrations. The glomerular filtration rate was slightly depressed at these concentrations of iodamide and diatrizoate.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of iodamide 300 and iodamide 380 in galactography].

The authors analyze the results of iodamide use for galactography. 434 females with discharge from the nipples were examined making use of galactography, and 136 women were selected for surgical treatment; the local processes in the mamma were previously unpalpated, nor were they confirmed by the laboratory findings. Clinical and morphologic analysis of the preparations resected in surgery has lead the authors to a conclusion that galactograms made with use of iodamide are sufficiently contrast and informative. The authors recommend this agent for the diagnosis of unpalpated mammary tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Pharmacokinetics of iodamide in normal subjects and in patients with renal impairment.

The pharmacokinetic characteristics of iodamide, a contrast agent for excretion urography, were studied in seven normal subjects and in 15 patients with various degrees of renal impairment. Two different formulations were administered, namely, a 65% solution (iodamide 300) by slow intravenous injection and a 24% solution by slow intravenous (drip) infusion. Both preparations of iodamide exhibited characteristics of an open two-compartment model. In both normal subjects and patients, the contrast agent was excreted almost exlusively in urine. In normal subjects, the pharmacokinetic parameters of both formulations were similar, with a distribution half-life (1/2alpha) of about 3 minutes and a disposition half-life (t1/2beta) of about 69 minutes. An average of 84 per cent of the dose was excreted in urine within 4 hours after administration of iodamide with net renal tubular secretion of about 38 per cent. The binding of iodamide to plasma proteins was negligible, and the extent of biotransformation of iodamide was minimal. In patients with renal impairment, the disposition half-life (t1/2beta) of iodamide ranged from 4.1 to 16.4 hours. Other changes in pharmacokinetic parameters were also seen in patients with renal impairment.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1983

Comparative study of the sodium salts of iodamide and iothalamate in clinical urography.

In a comparative urographic study of the sodium salts of iodamide (Uromiro 300 Sodium) and iothalamate (Conray 420) the following conclusions have been made. (i) In subjects with radiologically normal kidneys and a creatinine clearance greater than 70 ml/min, nephrogram scores were significantly higher with iodamide (P less than 0.02). There were differences between the media in respect of total urogram scores and pyelogram scores but they were not statistically significant. (ii) In patients with radiologically normal kidneys and a spectrum of normal and abnormal renal function, performance scores for iothalamate showed no significant relationship with creatinine clearance. Results for iodamide, however, showed some relationship with creatinine clearance (nephrogram score r = 0.46, pyelogram score r = 0.38, total urogram score r = 0.49). A possible mechanism for this is proposed. (iii) Side-effects encountered in the study were mild and there were no significant differences between the contrast media in either the incidence or severity of the side-effects. (iv) Blood-pressure and pulse-rate profiles following iodamide were not significantly different from those following iothalamate. (v) Cardiac arrhythmias were mild and uncommon.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Drip infusion urography with meglumine iodamide.

In a double-blind study of 283 patients (140 given iodamide and 143 diatrizoate), meglumine iodamide 24% produced a significantly greater degree of opacification than meglumine diatrizoate 30% (P less than 0.01 to P less than 0.001) in the renal calyces during the early phase of drip infusion pyelography. The agents were infused at a dose of 4.5 ml/kg, up to a maximum volume of 300 ml, over a period of about 10 min. The incidence and nature of laboratory abnormalities and clinical adverse reactions produced by the drugs were similar. No severe reactions occurred. The apparent superiority of the iodamide solution in the early stage of excretion, despite its lower iodine content, may be due to the partial secretion of iodamide by the renal tubules, as observed in other studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Comparative study of the methylglucamine salts of iodamide and iothalamate in clinical urography.

In a comparative urographic study of the methylglucamine salts of iodamide (Uromiro 300) and iothalamate (Conray 280) the following conclusions have been made: (i) In subjects with radiologically normal kidneys and a creatinine clearance greater than 70 ml/min total urogram scores and nephrogram scores were higher with iodamide (not statistically significant). The improvement in performance was more marked in the nephrographic phase. (ii) In patients with radiologically normal kidneys and a spectrum of normal and abnormal renal function, total urogram scores and nephrogram scores showed no significant dependance on creatinine clearance. (iii) No correlations of note were observed between urographic performance and physical or biochemical parameters for either contrast medium. (iv) Side effects encountered in the study were mild and there were no significant differences between the contrast media in either the incidence or severity of the side effects. (v) Post-injection blood pressure profiles showed no significant differences between the media. (vi) Induced electrocardiographic abnormalities were uncommon and mild occurring in seven patients following iothalamate and three patients following iodamide.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Contrast-medium-induced electrocardiographic abnormalities: comparison of bolus and infusion of methylglucamine iodamide and methylglucamine/sodium diatrizoate.

A double-blind study comparing electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities induced by methyglucamine iodamide and methylglucamine/sodium diatrizoate was conducted in 189 patients. The media were each administered by both bolus and infusion. Iodamide caused fewer ECG changes both by injection and infusion. This contrast medium also resulted in fewer ECG changes in the patient groups with known prior ECG abnormalities, cardiovascular disease, arrhythmias, ischemia, or renal impairment and in those over 50 years of age. Digitalis did not increase the frequency of ECG abnormalities with either medium. With diatrizoate, the lower bolus dose produced as many major ECG changes in the presence of preexisting ECG abnormalities (arrhythmias, ischemia) or prior cardiovascular disease as the three-times-larger infusion dose more slowly administered; conversely, the opposite was found when renal insufficiency or older age existed. The conclusion is that iodamide media caused fewer ECG abnormalities and may be less hazardous.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The renal transport of cardiotrast, verografin and iodamide].

In chronic experiments on dogs it was shown that verografin and iodamide are excreted from the body not only by filtration but by tubular excretion as well. The maximal transport of verografin and iodamide is significantly lower than that of cardiotrast. In experiments on rats similar results were obtained. Concurrent administration of verografin and iodamide with cardiotrast decreases their excretion in the urine in rats that is probably due to competition for the common transport system in the epithelium of renal tubules.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Urography with iohexol. Comparison with metrizoate and iodamide.

Comparisons of the non-ionic medium iohexol with the ionic media Na-Ca-Mg metrizoate and meglumine iodamide, were performed in two separate trials. The difference in diagnostic properties between the media was not significant. There was a significantly lower frequency of subjective sensations after iohexol than after metrizoate, whereas the difference between iohexol and iodamide in this respect was small. Regarding other adverse reactions there was a small advantage in favour of iohexol compared with metrizoate, whereas iohexol caused significantly less adverse reactions than iodamide.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of cimetidine on the renal excretion of verografin and iodamide in dogs].

The intravenous injection of cimetidine in a dose of 20 mg/kg enhanced verografine and iodamide excretion in chronic canine experiments. The higher verografine and iodamide excretion was due to their increased renal tubular secretion. In dogs, cimetidine unchanged the secretion of cardiotrast, a test agent for anionic transport. Possible extrarenal mechanisms of action of cimetidine on verografine and iodamide transport were also examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Comparison between iodamide and iothalamate in intravenous urography.

A number of iodinated contrast media such as Iothalamate, whose excretion depends on glomerular filtration are well established for use in intravenous urography. Iodamide, a relatively new iodinated contrast medium, is thought to be actively secreted by the tubules in addition to glomerular filtration. We set out to compare the nephrogram and pyelogram using these two types of contrast medium, injecting each either slowly or rapidly. Only patients with normal plasma urea and creatinine concentrations were included in the assessment. The results, although inconclusive, suggest that the quality of the nephrogram and pyelogram is better with Iodamide than with Iothalamate.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Double-blind comparison of meglumine iodamide and Renografin-60 for excretory urography.

A double blind comparison of meglumine iodamide and Renografin-60 in bolus intravenous pyelography, using 50 ml of contrast or less, was conducted in 78 patients. Meglumine iodamide produced more dense opacifications, but it also produced a greater number of laboratory abnormalities. All were transient and mild. No serious abnormalities resulted from the use of either agent.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of microsomal enzyme inducers on the renal transport of iodamide].

On the 3rd day after the last administration of phenobarbital (50 mg/kg orally, 4 days), benzonal (35 mg/kg orally, 4 days), zixorine (200 mg/kg orally, 4 days) and 3-methylcholanthrene (20 mg/kg subcutaneously, 2 days) the rats exhibited a decrease of iodamide secretion in the kidneys. The administration of zixorine to the dog (200 mg orally, 6 days) led to a significant decrease of iodamide transport in the first two weeks after discontinuation of the drug administration.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Double-blind comparison of iodamide and diatrizoate for excretory urography.

A double-blind comparison of meglumine iodamide and Renografin 60 (52% meglumine diatrizoate and 8% sodium diatrizoate) for bolus excretory urography was performed. Doses of 0.8 cc/kg. to a maximum of 55 cc were administered to fifty patients, twenty-five receiving each drug.There is a suggestion that iodamide may be superior to diatrizoate in pyelocalyceal opacification while being equal to diatrizoate in parenchymal opacification and in types and severity of side-effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical experiences with the new contrast medium iodamide 420 (author's transl)].

Iodamide 420 is a high concentrated, water solubile contrast medium of 420 mg/ml iodine content. Clinical observations were made on 31 patients, following 68 contrast injections. The administered iodine solution amounted to 3 to 100 ml pro injection, i.e. 0.6 to 2.0 ml/kg body weight and a total of 12 to 160 ml, i.e. 0.8 to 5.0 mg/kg pro angiographic study. Tests of sensitivity were not done. Iodamide 420 is characterized by a strikingly good tolerability. No severe complication was observed. The side effects were rare and negligible. The use of this high concentrated contrast medium improves the quality of angiograms, especially in cases, where the injection of the necessary amount is troublesome due to the high flow/small catheter lumen ratio.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Comparison of the side effects of urographic contrast media (iothalamate, diatrizoate, iodamide, iopamidol) within the scope of a CT study].

In 1465 patients the side effects of urographic contrast media for enhancement in CT were compared. The results show that the reaction frequency with iotalamate is 5.1%, with diatrizoate 7.0% and with iodamide 8.9%, but only 0.5% with iopamidol. The number of incidents to be expected with iopamidol is one decimal place lower. Obviously this has to do with its low osmolality. On the other hand we interpret the comparatively slightly higher incidence rate when using iodamide as a result of its higher lipophilic nature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Selective examination of the large branches of the arch of the aorta with the help of a new triiodinated angiographic contrast material (iodamide 420).

The selective angiography of the large branches of the arch of the aorta was performed on 25 patients using Iodamide 420 as contrast medium. In 24 cases the quality of the recordings was excallent, in one case it was qualified assessable. The contrast medium caused no complication. According to the experience gathered so far, the method and the contrast material can be safely applied to the mapping of congenital anomalies, post-traumatic injuries, and the degenerative processes, as well as to the detection of the relationship between large vessels and tumours.

Adult↗