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Results for “Johnson v. Calvert”

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7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

When genes determine motherhood: problems in gestational surrogacy.

Gestational surrogacy in which a commissioning couple's egg and spermatozoon are united in vitro and the resulting embryo is implanted in a woman's uterus is, of all the new methods for overcoming infertility, the most genetically appealing. This is because the genes are often perceived as determining all aspects of human health, disease and even behaviour. Having a child with the genes of both parents has become far more attractive to most infertile couples than having one who is only genetically related to the father. However, gestational surrogacy has created a situation where one child has two mothers, each one claiming to be the 'true' mother having exclusive parental rights. Surrogacy arrangements also raise the question of the meaning of motherhood.

Contracts↗
PubMed1992

Issues of child custody and our moral values in the era of new medical technology.

A series of ethical, moral, and legal dilemmas are presented along with the related landmark case law. The definition of motherhood and the types of mothers, such as genetic, gestational, and surrogate, have become a confusing matter, not only for a growing child but for lawmakers and mental health professionals as well. Pregnancy through artificial insemination gives certain rights to women who are not married to the father, even when these women have contracted to surrender the baby after birth. The law has recognized that biological mothers have a potential right to custody or at least visitation. Such a right, however, is not established on behalf of a father whose only relationship with a child is through his genetic component unless a strong emotional bond exists, and the mother is not married to and cohabiting with her husband. The author argues that the principle of "the child's best interest" must prevail in all custody disputes, regardless of who the biological parent is.

Child↗
PubMed1992

The technology, law, and ethics of in vitro fertilization, gamete donation, and surrogate motherhood.

This article examines some of the legal, ethical, and policy issues raised by the development and use of technologies for noncoital reproduction: gamete transfer and manipulation, in vitro fertilization, and zygote transfer and manipulation. After briefly describing these technologies, this article examines three closely related concerns raised by their introduction: (1) the effect of new technologies on the social understanding of parenthood and the legal regulation of the family; (2) the impact on women and children of a market in the material and services for producing children; and (3) the rights and interests involved in conflicts over the control and disposition of extrauterine embryos.

Embryo, Mammalian↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Whose child is this?

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California↗