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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Tumors of the lacrimal gland].

Analysis of the primary lacrimal organ tumors was made. In 9 cases lacrimal gland and in 6 cases lacrimal sac was surgical treatment. Long-term results were good in all benign lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Comparison of the pathogenicity in rats of rat coronaviruses of different neutralization groups.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Rat coronaviruses (RCVs) are common natural pathogens of rats that cause clinical illness, necrosis, and inflammation of respiratory, salivary, and lacrimal organs. The aim of the study was to determine whether antigenically different strains of RCV vary in their pathogenic potential in rats. METHODS: Neutralization groups were identified by use of RCV strain-specific antisera. Sprague Dawley rats were inoculated oronasally with RCV-SDA, RCV-BCMM, or RCV-W. Histologic examination, immunohistochemical analysis, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis were performed on tissues from infected rats. RESULTS: Clinical illness was not evident in any of the inoculated rats. The RCV-SDA strain caused mild lesions in the exorbital gland of one rat. The RCV-BCMM strain caused severe lesions in the Harderian and parotid glands and mild lesions in the exorbital glands, lungs, and nasal mucosa. The RCV-W strain caused severe lesions in the Harderian, exorbital, and parotid glands and mild lesions in the submandibular glands, lungs, and nasal mucosa. The RNA concentration was highest in the Harderian, parotid, and exorbital glands of RCV-BCMM- and RCV-W-infected rats at postinoculation day 7. CONCLUSIONS: Although RCV-SDA, RCV-BCMM, and RCV-W caused different degrees and patterns of lesions, neutralization groups are not useful for predicting the pathogenic potential of a new RCV isolate.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Organ culture of human main and accessory lacrimal glands and their secretory behaviour.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro viability and secretory behaviour of human main and accessory lacrimal glands using an organ culture technique. We evaluated the influence of the second messengers cAMP and cGMP on secretion. Fragments less than 1 mm3 of main and accessory lacrimal glands as well as conjunctiva were cultured for 2-72 hr at 37 degrees C in an atmosphere consisting of 50% O2, 45% N2 and 5% CO2, using a specially devised culture medium (+/- cAMP or cGMP). The conjunctival tissue served as negative control. Supernatants were assayed for secretory-component-bound IgA, lactoferrin and lysozyme using ELISA. Cultured tissue pieces were embedded in paraffin, serially sectioned, stained and their volumes calculated using an image-analysis system. This enabled us to differentiate between secretory, connective and fatty tissue. Secreted exudate was correlated to the volume of secretory tissue. Viability of cultured organ pieces was determined by electron microscopic examination. Suitable organ culture conditions for human lacrimal glands were successfully established. Electron microscopic examinations proved that the structural characteristics of the organ and the polarity of the individual cells were well preserved up to 22 days of culture. Culture supernatants were assayed for secretory-component-bound IgA, lactoferrin, and lysozyme and showed that the amount of protein secreted increased with time. Upon addition of cAMP (1 x 10(-3) M) and cGMP (4 x 10(-3) M), secretion was elevated in both main and accessory lacrimal glands. An organ culture system for lacrimal glands was developed that maintains their structural and cellular characteristics as well as their secretory function for up to 22 days. We believe that this system mimics the in vitro state of the organ better than monolayer cultures and thus proves to be a valuable tool when examining lacrimal function in vitro. The fact that both cAMP and cGMP enhance secretion may help to shed some light on the cellular pathways human main and accessory lacrimal glands use for signal transduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Specific receptors for alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone are widely distributed in tissues of rodents.

alpha MSH is known to act on several nonmelanocyte cell types, which has led to recent interest in its regulatory roles in fever, inflammation, immunity, and behavior. To determine its possible sites of action, we examined the distribution of alpha MSH receptors in a variety of tissues in mice and rats. The superpotent and enzymatically resistant alpha MSH analog, Nle4,D-Phe7-alpha MSH (NDP-MSH), was radioiodinated using lactoperoxidase (Enzymobeads) and purified by reverse phase chromatography for use as a tracer. [125I]NDP-MSH exhibited consistent and specific binding to cultured B16 and Cloudman S91 murine melanoma cells, which are highly responsive to alpha MSH. The tracer had full biological activity, as determined by its potency in stimulating melanogenesis in B16 cells. To study receptor distribution in vivo, [125I]NDP-MSH was administered iv to C3H/HeJ (pigmented) mice and Sprague-Dawley (albino) rats. To determine the specificity of tracer uptake by tissues, some animals received a large molar excess of alpha MSH together with [125I]NDP-MSH. Data were expressed as tissue to plasma radioactivity concentration ratios. In mice, specific (i.e. alpha MSH-inhibitable) binding of [125I]NDP-MSH was found in a number of glandular organs, including lacrimal, Harderian, preputial, submandibular, and adrenal glands and pancreas, as well as in brown and white adipose tissues, bladder, duodenum, skin, spleen, and hypothalamus. In rats, results were generally similar; specific tracer uptake was observed in lacrimal, Harderian, preputial, and thyroid glands; pancreas, duodenum, spleen, hypothalamus; and white adipose tissue. These results show that specific receptors for alpha MSH are widely distributed, suggesting that alpha MSH may affect the functions of a number of organs.

Animals↗