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Results for “LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[American cutaneous and mucous leishmaniasis (mucocutaneous leishmaniasis)].

The American skin and mucous membrane leishmaniasis or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is induced through phlebotomus bites and occurs in South and Central America. Untreated severe multilating ulcerations of the face with involvement of oral, nasal, and pharyngeal mucous membranes may occur. Therapy consists of intramuscular administration of three- or pentavalent antimon preparations. In failure-patients amphotericin B is used instead.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed2006

Resistance to oxidative stress is associated with metastasis in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) in South and Central America is characterized by the dissemination (metastasis) of Leishmania Viannia subgenus parasites from a cutaneous lesion to nasopharyngeal tissues. Little is known about the pathogenesis of MCL, especially with regard to the virulence of the parasites and the process of metastatic dissemination. We previously examined the functional relationship between cytoplasmic peroxiredoxin and metastatic phenotype using highly, infrequently, and nonmetastatic clones isolated from an L. (V.) guyanensis strain previously shown to be highly metastatic in golden hamsters. Distinct forms of cytoplasmic peroxiredoxin were identified and found to be associated with the metastatic phenotype. We report here that peroxidase activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and infectivity differs between metastatic and nonmetastatic L. (V.) guyanensis clones. After hydrogen peroxide treatment or heat shock, peroxiredoxin was detected preferentially as dimers in metastatic L. (V.) guyanensis clones and in L. (V.) panamensis strains from patients with MCL, compared with nonmetastatic parasites. These data provide evidence that resistance to the first microbicidal response of the host cell by Leishmania promastigotes is linked to peroxiredoxin conformation and may be relevant to intracellular survival and persistence, which are prerequisites for the development of metastatic disease.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

American mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.

American mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is produced by several species of Leishmania. The microorganism lives in jungle reservoirs and is transmitted by sandflies. After infection, a complex set of immunologic phenomena takes place. Most lesions tend to heal, but some clinical forms are relentlessly progressive and resistant to available therapy. Diagnosis is usually possible with classical or modern techniques. Current treatment is effective in most cases, but it is expensive and difficult to manage under field conditions. Research on the immune response has been interesting, and vaccine prevention and treatment are objects of current interest. American leishmaniasis may not always remain a sylvan disease, and urban adaptation is a distressing possibility.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1994

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and HIV.

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is a rare disease in Europe. Relapses after treatment are more frequent than in visceral leishmaniasis. HIV patients infected by Leishmania have frequently visceral involvement, and responses to treatment are poor. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients has rarely been reported. A patient with centrofacial granuloma was diagnosed as having mucocutaneous leishmaniasis; simultaneously HIV infection was detected. To our knowledge this is the first case acquired in Europe. Intravenous meglumine antimonate 20 mg/kg/day for 28 days was proven to be useful.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1985

[Current aspects of endemic mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil].

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis has a large incidence in Brazil. Biochemical, immunological and biological studies have characterized three disease agents: Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, Leishmania brasiliensis guyanensis and Leishmania brasiliensis brasiliensis; these have distinct geographical distributions. The last one is the most common and is the most difficult to treat. Destructive mucosal lesions can occur days, months or years after the cutaneous lesions. The Montenegro intradermal test, biopsy, smears of the border of ulcers and indirect immunofluorescence are the auxiliary diagnostic methods currently in use. The only effective drugs for the treatment of this disease are pentavalent antimonials and amphotericin B. After clinical cure, relapses can occur, and there are rare cases with mucosal lesions that are resistant to all forms of treatment.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1995

Rural campaign to diagnose and treat mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Bolivia.

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) is endemic in the tropical Amazonian lowlands of Bolivia, an area that regularly receives influxes of migratory populations. In these new agricultural development areas, a campaign to diagnose and treat the disease was carried out between 1989 and 1992, in order to provide direct access to MCL treatment in the endemic areas at a standard equivalent to that offered in the urban centres in Bolivia. The campaign led to the creation of decentralized local centres for diagnosis and treatment of the disease. A campaign to inform the population about leishmaniasis was also undertaken and courses were run to educate medical and paramedical personnel. As a result of the campaign, 3285 cases of leishmaniasis were diagnosed, including 2152 cutaneous and 326 mucosal forms. Also, a total of 1888 cases were treated, 1677 of which cutaneous and 211, mucosal.

Bolivia↗
PubMed2000

Use of itraconazole in the treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is widely distributed in Brazil, with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis being the major etiologic agent. The currently recommended therapy is limited by its parenteral use, high toxicity, and variable efficacy. A clinical pilot study was conducted to analyze itraconazole as an oral alternative for the treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. METHODS: Ten patients were enrolled to receive 4 mg/kg per day (up to 400 mg/d) itraconazole for 6 weeks on an outpatient regimen. Diagnosis was based on clinical otorhinolaryngologic examination, followed by a specific serologic reaction, the Montenegro test and pathologic analysis with immunohistochemical reaction. Healing of the lesions was confirmed by clinical otorhinolaryngologic examination. Side effects were monitored by general clinical assessment, hemoglobin determination, leukocyte counts, and liver function tests, all performed before, during, and 1 month after the end of treatment. RESULTS: Six of 10 patients presented healed lesions 3 months after treatment, with a sustained therapeutic response for at least a median period of 14.5 months (range, 12-18 mo). Side effects were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study demonstrated that itraconazole can be an effective and well-tolerated alternative for the treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Further randomized studies and double blind controlled trials are needed to assess the benefits of this drug in the treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in a US citizen.

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) is endemic to many areas of Central and South America. A case of MCL in a US citizen is reported here. An ulcer appeared on the patient's left hard palate, years after a working trip to Peru. Punch biopsies of the lesion were obtained, Leishmania promastigotes were isolated by culture and animal inoculation, and the patient was appropriately treated. As this case demonstrates, a patient's travel history is a key element in making a differential diagnosis of oral lesions.

Antimony Sodium Gluconate↗
PubMed2003

Disseminated mucocutaneous leishmaniasis resulting from chronic use of corticosteroid.

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is a granulomatous disease clinically characterized by ulcerated skin and mucosal lesions whose clinical manifestations can regress spontaneously, but with possible long subclinical evolution. The course of the disease is often related to the host immune response. The purpose of this article is to describe the clinical and microscopic findings of cutaneous and mucosal lesions of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in a patient who presented an unusual form of the disease associated with an immunosuppressive state.

Aged↗