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New medical/legal interprofessional code for Louisiana undergoing development.[The Medical-Legal Interprofessional Committee. The Louisiana State Medical Society and The Louisiana Bar Association].

The Medical/Legal Interprofessional Committee is a cooperative committee involving representatives of the Louisiana State Medical Society and the Louisiana Bar Association. The committee is currently re-examining its Interprofessional Code and its Advisory Opinion with the intent of combining the documents into a new, concise Code designed to promote cooperation and limit conflicts between the two professions. The precepts of this Code will also guide the Committee in deciding issues and disputes between physicians and attorneys. Reprinted in this issue is the original Interprofessional Code for Physicians and Attorneys of the State of Louisiana and the Advisory Opinion of the Medical/Legal Interprofessional Committee. The Committee encourages all physicians to review these documents and to contribute their thoughts and suggestions on what should be included in the new Code and how the relationships between the two professions can be improved. Please send comments to: Louisiana State Medical Society, Medical/Legal Interprofessional Committee, 3501 N Causeway Blvd, Suite 800, Metairie, LA 70002.

Fees, Medical↗

Influenza in Louisiana: an analysis of Louisiana Influenza Sentinel Surveillance Data, 1998-2004.

Analysis of the influenza sentinel surveillance data from the Louisiana Office of Public health showed that the influenza season for Louisiana starts between October and December and ends between December and March. There is no consistent trend as to when the peak of the season occurs. The start of Louisiana's seasons ranged from one week (2002-2003 season) to two months (2001-2002) before the national start date. The finding that Louisiana's flu season starts about the same time as the national flu season is not consistent with the conventional thought that the flu season starts later in the South compared to the rest of the nation.

Humans↗

A close look at family practice in Louisiana: manpower '97. Louisiana family practice residency program needs.

There is a shortage of family physicians in Louisiana. This manuscript reports on the current status of primary care in Louisiana. It compares these data with national averages and assesses current needs. Finally, it proposes necessary steps by which this shortage can be decreased. Medical schools, residency programs, and practicing physicians will need to be involved in the solution to this problem. Louisiana can have a bright future in family medicine if the recommendations in this paper are thoroughly addressed. With ever increasing costs of quality medical care, well-placed funding and emphasis on family practice appear to be the right direction.

Curriculum↗

Dental treatment guidelines for use of restraints within the nine Louisiana developmental centers. Louisiana State University Dental Health Resources Program.

There are approximatively 2000 mentally retarded or developmentally disabled (MR/DD) individuals in Louisiana's nine developmental centers (LDC). Two-thirds resist the delivery of preventive and clinical dental services. Therefore, for these patients to receive quality, comprehensive dental care, some form of restraint is necessary. Physical holds, mechanical and/or chemical restraints allow caregivers and dental professionals to provide medical/dental services. However, prior to the use of restraint, a clear understanding and acquisition of informed consent are needed. The dentist, developmental center and its administration are responsible for developing a plan to obtain informed consent and to express the importance of restraint to each resident's guardian. This article defines the types of restraint based upon resistance encountered and defines informed consent according to the Louisiana Medical Consent Law.

Dental Care for Persons with Disabilities↗

Organ and tissue donation in Louisiana: the 1994 experience of the Louisiana Organ Procurement Agency (LOPA).

The Louisiana Organ Procurement Agency (LOPA) operates the organ and tissue procurement system for the entire state. LOPA is experiencing an increase in referrals and actual donors, with 101 donors realized from 34 hospitals in 1994. From these donors, 398 organs were recovered to provide 275 kidney, liver, heart, pancreas, and lung transplants in Louisiana, and 97 organs were shared for transplant elsewhere. However, consent for donation was refused for 40% of medically suitable donors, creating a loss of 180-200 organs for transplant, many of which would have been lifesaving. Nationwide, the shortage of organs continues to worsen as waiting lists grow. This health care problem continues to generate corrective initiatives, such as "required request" and performance standards for the organ procurement organization. Ranked in the top group of procurement organizations, LOPA is well positioned to meet and help define new federal standards.

Humans↗

Fasciolosis in cattle in Louisiana. II. Development of a system to use soil maps in a geographic information system to estimate disease risk on Louisiana coastal marsh rangeland.

A geographic information system (GIS) model of habitat for Lymnaea bulimoides, the snail intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica and the rumen fluke, Calicophoron microbothrioides, on the Chenier Plain of southwest Louisiana was revised to incorporate broad (greater than 100 m) chenier (relict beaches) along with adjacent marsh and transitional soils associated with spatial distribution of L. bulimoides habitat. The proportion of farmland comprised of soils of the GIS model coincided with actual habitat from a previous survey with a sensitivity of 91.3% and a specificity of 80.1%, and regressed significantly against the proportion of farmland comprised of L. bulimoides habitat (n = 12, P = 0.01, r2 = 0.50, slope = 0.015). A soil model index was calculated to incorporate (1) the proportion of farmland comprised of soils of the GIS model and (2) stocking rate. Fluke egg shedding indices (mean egg count multiplied by prevalence) were calculated for each fluke species on nine farms at four sampling times over a 2-year period. The maximum egg shedding indices for each farm, taken to indicate potential fluke transmission intensity, were correlated for the two fluke species on herds not recently treated for fasciolosis (n = 9, P = 0.004, r2 = 0.72, slope = 0.2), although at no one sampling period were shedding indices of the two fluke species significantly correlated. Egg shedding of C. microbothrioides by cattle correlated with the proportion of farmland comprised of soils included in the GIS model (n = 9, Spearman's rank coefficient was 0.7, P = 0.05). We conclude that (1) the maximum of several observations of the C. microbothrioides egg shedding index may be useful as a surrogate for F. hepatica in estimating risk from snail habitat on a farm when regular flukicide treatment interferes with F. hepatica egg shedding, and (2) the GIS model may estimate site-specific differences in fasciolosis risk to cattle operations in the Chenier Plain based on the association of certain soils with snail intermediate-host habitat.

Animals↗