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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Accidental laboratory infection with Treponema pallidum, Nichols strain.

This case report describes a laboratory-acquired infection with Treponema pallidum, Nichols strain. The specific details of the accidental exposure are presented, along with a description of the clinical observations. This infection indicates that the rabbit adapted Nichols strain of T pallidum retains its capability to infect humans. In addition, aerosols of concentrated preparations of these organisms, generated within the laboratory, represent a definite biohazard.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1978

Immunoglobulins on the surfaces of tetrathyridia of Mesocestoides corti Hoeppli 1925 (Cestoda), from laboratory infections of ICR mice.

7Sgamma2b antibody was detected, by fluorescein labeled antibodies, on the body surfaces and wall of excretory bladder of tetrathyridia of M. corti removed from the peritoneums of 5--24-week laboratory infections of ICR/TIMCO mice. 7Sgamma1, 7Sgamma2a, 7Sgamma3, IgM, IgA, and C3 were not found by use of the same techniques. Tetrathyridia maintained in culture medium to which pooled normal mouse, infected mouse, and horse (control) serums containing all known classes and subclasses of immunoglobulins had been added showed only mouse 7Sgamma2b on their surfaces and wall of the excretory bladder, and then only when incubated in pooled serum from infected mice. No other mouse immunoglobulin classes or subclasses were found attached to the worms, nor was any reaction obtained from tetrathyridia incubated in culture medium alone, normal mouse serum, or horse serum. This suggests a highly selective nonspecific absorption of 7Sgamma2b, or more likely demonstrates the specificity of the antibody for the parasite surfaces and wall of the excretory bladder. The possibility that 7Sgamma2b may be acting in an enhanceing mode is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Learning capacity and memory of normal and Toxoplasma-infected laboratory rats and mice.

An experimental Toxoplasma-infection affects the learning performance and the memory of laboratory rats and mice. The investigations yielded the following results: 1. Maze experiments with rats showed that infection significantly reduces the learning performance of the infected animals. However, no significant differences were found between infected rats inoculated at varying times prior to training. In contrast to the learning capacity, memory does not seem to be impaired at all by infection. 2. Compared to rats, the learning capacity of mice is much more conspicuously retarded by a Toxoplasma-infection. In the memory test, the infected animals remained significantly below the performance level of the controls on all days, indicating that their memory was severely affected. 3. A significant correlation was established between the learning performance of the mice and the number of brain cysts. It is assumed that the cysts contribute to the impairment of learning ability. The fact that animals infected for a longer period usually show improved test performances further supports this assumption. This coincides with the decrease in brain cysts. Nevertheless, the clusters of necrosis developing together with the cysts in the nervous tissue might also cause learning retardation. 4. In mice, infection with an avirulent Toxoplasma-strain does not always take a wholly asymptomatic course. When observing the animals closely, a few of them could be seen to run in 'circles' with their heads bent to one side when moving and sitting, which might be interpreted as an impairment of the sense of balance. 5. Another effect of the Toxoplasma-infection in the animal species used is the significantly reduced activity observed on many days of training.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with meningococcal infection: laboratory diagnosis and prognostic factors.

In 36 patients with meningococcal infection a close association between the laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and unfavourable prognostic factors was established. Patients with platelet count lessthan 100000/microliter, Normotest lessthan 50% and plasma fibrinogen concentration less than 100 mg/dl had a serious prognosis. No significant differences could be extablished between patients with infection from serogroup A and B meningococci for either laboratory evidence of DIC or prognostic factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Sisomicin in surgical infections. Laboratory and clinical studies.

A clinical and bacteriological study to evaluate the effectiveness and toxicity of sisomicin in the treatment of surgical infections is described. Fifteen patients received i.m. injections of 150 or 225 mg/day for seven days. The daily doses was divided into three applications. The mean serum levels at the first hour were 5.26 +/- 2.41 microgram/ml and at the seventh hour 1.0 +/- 1.19 microgram/ml. Similar values were determined on the seventh day of treatment with sisomicin: 6.36 +/- 2.36 microgram/ml one hour, 1.17 +/- 1.67 microgram/ml seven hours after i.m. injection. All the microorganisms isolated had MICs below the sisomicin levels measured. The clinical results were assessed as "excellent" in 11 patients. Therapeutic results were considered as "fair" in three patients. The clinical conditions of one patient affected by osteomyelitis following osteosynthesis of the femur was not improved by treatment. No side effects were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Amikacin in obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal infections: laboratory and clinical studies.

Based on the proportion of resistant, moderately sensitive, and sensitive strains, the descending order of activity of amikacin against clinical isolates of urinary pathogens was Salmonella, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter, Proteus species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, amikacin was the most active of the antibiotics tested (including gentamicin and tobramycin) against 100 strains of P. aeruginosa. The calculated half-life of amikacin was substantially longer in patients with compromised renal function than in normal subjects. Immaturity of renal function, characteristic of the newborn, similarly slowed the rate of excretion of amikacin. The cure rate (complete clinical remission and eradication of the pathogen) was 91% in 22 patients with urinary tract infection (including 16 with chronic pyelonephritis) treated with 500 mg of amikacin every 8 or 12 hr for eight to 17 days. After single injections of 7.5 mg/kg 2-3 hr before delivery, appreciable amounts of the drug were recovered from the cord blood. No local or systemic intolerance or laboratory abnormalities were observed in a total of 42 patients (including eight infants) treated for a maximum of two weeks. No ototoxicity was demonstrable in any of the 12 patients subjected to audiometry; nystagmography revealed slight vestibular dysfunction in two elderly patients.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1976

Laboratory infections of Scheloribates spp. (oribatid mites) with Moniezia expansa and M. benedeni.

Scheloribates laevigatus (Koch, 1836) and Scheloribates fimbriatus (Thor, 1930), predominant species of oribatids in soil of Bombay region, were experimentally exposed to infection by uniform suspensions of eggs of Moniezia expansa and M. benedeni. The percentages of mites infected and the average number of cysticercoids developing were observed in 12 sets of experiments. The mites were more readily infected with eggs of M. expansa than with those of M. benedeni. S. laevigatus were infected with M. expansa and less with M. benedeni than S. fimbriatus.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Laboratory infection of Anopheles pharoensis with Wuchereria bancrofti.

A. pharoensis was infected from a donor with a high count of W. bancrofti microfilariae. Of the freshly dissected mosquitos, 81.6% were found to have ingested microfilariae, with an average of 12 +/- 2.2 microfilariae per mosquito. An infectivity rate of 41.9% was observed in mosquitos dissected between the eleventh and fifteenth days after feeding. A mean of 7.6 +/- 1.2 third-stage larvae was found in infective mosquitos. Although A. pharoensis has not yet been found naturally infected with third-stage larvae of W. bancrofti, these studies suggest that it is a potential vector of Bancroftian filariasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Laboratory infection of blackflies (Simuliidae) and midges (Chironomidae) by the mosquito mermithid, Romanomermis culicivorax.

Penetrating infective juveniles of Romanomermis culicivorax usually killed first-stage larvae of Chironomus maturus Johann., Chironomus sp., Simulium damnosum Theo., and S. venustum Say. Nematodes were melanized and died after they entered fourth stage larvae of 2 chironomid species, but no host reaction was evident after entry into fourth-stage blackfly larvae. In contrast, the nematodes initiated development in the latter hosts, which died before the nematodes completed their development.

Animals↗