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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1968

Particle size distribution of Serratia marcescens aerosols created during common laboratory procedures and simulated laboratory accidents.

Andersen air samplers were used to determine the particle size distribution of Serratia marcescens aerosols created during several common laboratory procedures and simulated laboratory accidents. Over 1,600 viable particles per cubic foot of air sampled were aerosolized during blending operations. More than 98% of these particles were less than 5 mu in size. In contrast, 80% of the viable particles aerosolized by handling lyophilized cultures were larger than 5 mu. Harvesting infected eggs, sonic treatment, centrifugation, mixing cultures, and dropping infectious material produced aerosols composed primarily of particles in the 1.0- to 7.5-mu size range.

Accidents↗
PubMed1990

The ceramic reverse three-quarter crown for anterior teeth: laboratory procedures.

The laboratory procedures for making a Hi-ceram porcelain anterior reserve three-quarter crown are described. A core of high-fusing aluminum oxide is used as a coping on which tooth contours are restored with a compatible porcelain. Standard dental laboratory equipment is used and the technique can be quickly learned by any experienced ceramics technician.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1992

Forecasting hospital laboratory procedures.

Improved forecasts of hospital laboratory procedures can provide the basis for better resource planning and enhanced operating efficiency. The research reported here-in describes how multiple regression models can be both a source of insight into causal relationships and a tool for achieving accurate monthly forecasts. Past research in this area may have overstated the statistical significance of findings because of a failure to address the potential effect of serial correlation. The present study uses the Cochrane-Orcutt regression procedure, rather than OLS, to overcome this problem. A model using inpatient admissions, acuity days, length of stay, discharge days and seasonal dummy variables is shown to account for 87% of the variation in the number of billable laboratory procedures. A simpler multiple regression model and a Winters' exponential smoothing model were found to provide excellent forecasts for laboratory procedures. In a one year out of sample evaluation, the annual percent forecast error was 0.7% for the regression model. This compares favorably to a percentage forecast error of 11.6% using subjective forecasting methods.

Forecasting↗
PubMed1995

Is New Zealand's recent increase in campylobacteriosis due to changes in laboratory procedures? A survey of 69 medical laboratories.

AIMS: To evaluate the contribution of changing procedures in microbiology laboratories over the previous 5 years to the increase in campylobacteriosis notifications. To assess whether regional differences in notification rates are due to variations in laboratory procedures. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to 69 New Zealand medical laboratories, requesting data on their identification procedures for enteric pathogens, including campylobacter. RESULTS: Changes over the last 5 years in laboratory techniques were insufficient to account for a marked increase in campylobacter isolations. On the basis of data provided by 12 laboratories, the number of specimens that grew campylobacter increased by 49% between 1992 and 1993. Differences in laboratory methods do not explain regional differences in campylobacter notification rates. CONCLUSION: Changes in laboratory methodologies over the last 5 years do not appear to account for the recent national increase in campylobacteriosis notifications.

Campylobacter↗
PubMed2006

Definition of an XML markup language for clinical laboratory procedures and comparison with generic XML markup.

BACKGROUND: Clinical laboratory procedure manuals are typically maintained as word processor files and are inefficient to store and search, require substantial effort for review and updating, and integrate poorly with other laboratory information. Electronic document management systems could improve procedure management and utility. As a first step toward building such systems, we have developed a prototype electronic format for laboratory procedures using Extensible Markup Language (XML). METHODS: Representative laboratory procedures were analyzed to identify document structure and data elements. This information was used to create a markup vocabulary, CLP-ML, expressed as an XML Document Type Definition (DTD). To determine whether this markup provided advantages over generic markup, we compared procedures structured with CLP-ML or with the vocabulary of the Health Level Seven, Inc. (HL7) Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) narrative block. RESULTS: CLP-ML includes 124 XML tags and supports a variety of procedure types across different laboratory sections. When compared with a general-purpose markup vocabulary (CDA narrative block), CLP-ML documents were easier to edit and read, less complex structurally, and simpler to traverse for searching and retrieval. CONCLUSION: In combination with appropriate software, CLP-ML is designed to support electronic authoring, reviewing, distributing, and searching of clinical laboratory procedures from a central repository, decreasing procedure maintenance effort and increasing the utility of procedure information. A standard electronic procedure format could also allow laboratories and vendors to share procedures and procedure layouts, minimizing duplicative word processor editing. Our results suggest that laboratory-specific markup such as CLP-ML will provide greater benefit for such systems than generic markup.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed2003

Effect of laboratory procedures and thermocycling on the shear bond strength of resin-metal bonding systems.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: During fabrication or repair of removable partial dentures, resin-to-metal or resin-to-denture tooth bonds may be stressed by laboratory procedures. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of steam cleaning, boiling, ultrasonic cleaning (laboratory procedures), and thermocycling on shear bond strength of resin bonds to metal and denture teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Resin-metal bonding systems and their specific veneer resins (Rocatec, Sinfony; Rocatec, Visio-Gem, HLC-BOND, Zeta LC and Ducera experimental veneer resin) were tested on a Co-Cr alloy (Wirobond C). The veneer resins were bonded to resin denture teeth. The experimental groups (n=7) were subjected to the following conditions: 24-hour storage of the specimens in air (group I, control group), storage in air and treated with simulated laboratory procedures (2 minutes steam cleaning, 15 minutes ultrasonic cleaning at room temperature, 1 hour boiling in water, group II), storage in air with thermocycling (5000 cycles, 5 degrees to 55 degrees C, group III), storage in air with laboratory procedures followed by thermocycling (group IV), and storage in air with thermocycling followed by laboratory procedures (group V). Shear strength tests (MPa) were performed with a universal testing machine until fracture. After shear bond testing, the failure mode of the resin-metal and resin-denture tooth bonds was assessed. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out with one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni-Dunn's multiple comparisons post hoc analysis for test groups (alpha=0.05). RESULTS: Except for Ducera/denture tooth specimens (groups III to V: 8.7 +/- 3.4-9.1 +/- 1.7; 10.8 +/- 1.9 MPa control group), the Wirobond C and denture tooth specimens (groups III, IV and V: 1.4 +/- 0.9-11.9 +/- 2.3 MPa), showed significantly lower shear bond strengths than the corresponding control groups (7.5 +/- 2.9-21.0 +/- 3.4 MPa, P<.05). The shear bond strengths of group II of Sinfony/Wirobond C (11.6 +/- 3.3 MPa, P<.0001), Visio-Gem/Wirobond C (7.4 +/- 1.9 MPa, P<0.0001), Ducera/Wirobond C (11.8 +/- 2.9 MPa, P<.0001) and of Zeta/denture tooth (3.9 +/- 1.6 MPa, P=.0005) were significantly decreased by steam, boiling, and ultrasonic procedures compared with the corresponding control groups (21.0 +/- 3.4 MPa; 14.7 +/- 4.0 MPa; 19.1 +/- 2.3 MPa; 7.5 +/- 2.9 MPa, respectively). No significant differences were noted among groups III, IV, and V. Co-Cr specimens subjected to the Rocatec system and bonded with Sinfony and HLC BOND/Zeta specimens showed cohesive failure. Adhesive failure was observed for the experimental veneer resin on the Co-Cr specimens and for all veneer resins on the denture teeth. CONCLUSION: Simulation of laboratory procedures and thermocycling caused a significant drop in shear bond strength of metal-resin and denture tooth-resin bonds for most of the tested veneer resins. Thermocycling before shear testing had the same effect on veneer resin bond strength as the simulated laboratory procedures.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1950

Detection of pulmonary tuberculosis; comparative value of routine radiologic examinations and routine laboratory procedures.

The abnormalities disclosed by the usual laboratory diagnostic procedures (blood cell count and hemoglobin determination, sedimentation rate determination, urinalysis, and serologic test for syphilis) are compared with the number revealed by stereophotoroentgen chest examination in a series of 951 patients. The number of significant abnormalities uncovered by the routine stereophotoroentgen examination of the chest was comparable to the number disclosed by the usual laboratory procedures used in patient evaluation. Some form of radiologic examination of the chest should be included in the routine laboratory procedures required for patient evaluation.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Patient and parent education, office laboratory procedures, and urinary tract infections.

This review of patient and parent education, office laboratory procedures, and urinary tract infections is written by three pediatricians in a group practice in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The patient and parent education section covers the goals of child rearing and history taking (with emphasis on the "vulnerable child"), and reviews discipline, sleep problems, fever, smoking, and injury prevention. The office laboratory procedures section reviews the recent Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1988. The urinary tract infections section reviews recent advances in diagnosis, treatments, prevention (the issue of circumcision), and radiologic studies.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Office laboratory procedures, office economics, patient and parent education, and urinary tract infection.

This section updates the reader on four important areas of office practice: office laboratory procedures, office economics, patient and parent education, and urinary tract infections. Dr. Michael Aldous reviews the recent literature about office laboratory procedures, including the continued impact of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Ammendments, what is new in the diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis, urinalysis improvements, the diagnosis of anemia, and which patients should undergo cholesterol screening. Dr. Rickey Williams discusses the literature on office economics, including new technology for billing and charting, whether pediatricians should bill for telephone calls, and the latest information on health care policy and the changes offices are facing with the growing managed care market. Dr. Burris Duncan reviews patient and parent education, including new apporaches to infant colic, sleep positioning for the prevention of sudden infant death, the need for the hepatitis B vaccine (which has been slowly implemented), and finally ways that pediatricians can help with parenting. Dr. John Ey discusses the recent literature on urinary tract infections in children, including better ways of making the diagnosis, whether there are any new treatment approaches for urinary tract infections, useful investigational studies for evaluating the urinary system, and how best to follow up children with infected urinary tracts. We hope that this review will help the practicing pediatrician to better care for patients and provide each of you with a greater satisfaction in delivering health care in an office setting.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Office laboratory procedures, office economics, patient and parent education, and urinary tract infection.

This review updates our readers on four important areas of office practice: office laboratory procedures, office economics, patient and parent education, and urinary tract infection. Michael Aldous reviews the recent literature on office laboratory procedures, which includes a report on the ongoing heated discussion of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments, an update of recent studies on new and better rapid streptococcal tests, and improved methods for urinalysis. Rickey Williams provides a report on office economics that includes a discussion of the effects of capitation, how preventive care can be cost effective, and the future prospects for greatly expanded office computerization. Burris Duncan discusses patient and parent education with an in-depth review of the potential economic value of a full implementation of the American Academy of Pediatrics' The Injury Prevention Program, and in addition he chronicles the rapid growth and development of school-based health centers. John Ey reviews the recent literature on urinary tract infections in children, including how we can make the diagnosis, methods for preventing recurrent urinary tract infections, the most effective studies for evaluating the urinary system, and what follow-up is necessary. We hope this review will provide the pediatrician with important information to help in the care of their patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Office laboratory procedures, office economics, parenting and parent education, and urinary tract infection.

Four areas of pediatric office practice are again reviewed: office laboratory procedures, office economics, parenting and parent education, and urinary tract infection. Screening for celiac disease and the use of rapid antigen testing for extrapharyngeal group A Streptococcus infections are included in office laboratory procedures. Utilization of health care among patients with public insurance, electronic medical records, billing among pediatric residents, and satisfaction surveys are reviewed in office economics. Challenges related to breastfeeding, obesity management and timely immunizations are covered within parenting and parent education. Finally, the use of an augmented urinalysis and a discussion of imaging for first febrile urinary tract infections are included in the area of urinary tract infection.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed2000

Stage I surgical indexing: clinical and laboratory procedures.

This article will describe the clinical and laboratory procedures used to treat a patient with implant retained crowns including Stage I indexing, fabrication of fixed provisional crowns to be inserted at the time the implants were uncovered (Stage II surgery), and the insertion of the definitive cement-retained crowns after the soft tissues had healed. All of the components described in this article were made by Implant Innovations, Inc., Palm Beach Gardens, FL. The reader may consider this type of treatment using components made by various manufacturers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Laboratory procedures used in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus: a review.

The literature concerning the laboratory procedures presently available to aid in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was reviewed to determine which of these techniques could be most valuable in the detection and management of SLE patients. The LE cell test, once the laboratory basis for SLE diagnosis, was concluded to be insensitive, non-specific, and did not correspond to clinical activity of the patient. A second procedure, antinuclear-antibody detection, although very sensitive, was not specific for SLE; therefore, its value is limited for use as a screening technique to rule out SLE. The Farr anti-DNA precipitate immunoassay, used for the measurement of antibodies to DNA, was sensitive and specific, and also correlated well with the clinical condition of the patient. Therefore, the Farr binding assay is recommended as the laboratory procedure of choice since it is useful in monitoring disease activity and may contribute to earlier diagnosis and more precise management of SLE patients.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed2003

XML syntax for clinical laboratory procedure manuals.

We have developed a document type description (DTD) in Extensable Markup Language (XML) for clinical laboratory procedures. Our XML syntax can adequately structure a variety of procedure types across different laboratories and is compatible with current procedure standards. The combination of this format with an XML content management system and appropriate style sheets will allow efficient procedure maintenance, distributed access, customized display and effective searching across a large body of test information.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed1986

Medical student training in the performance of diagnostic laboratory procedures.

A study was conducted to determine what diagnostic laboratory procedures medical students recalled being taught during pre-clerkship training, how well they felt they could perform these procedures on entrance to and exit from their clerkship year, and the estimate of frequency of personal performance during the clerkship year. Surveys were mailed to 223 graduating senior students of a medical school. They were asked to supply data regarding 15 pre-selected procedures. In only seven cases did a majority of students recall being taught a procedure. Higher percentages of students who trained at health science centres and a Veterans Administration hospital recalled being taught procedures compared to students who trained at community hospitals. In general, students who performed their pre-clerkship training at the health science centres rated their ability to perform procedures without assistance on entrance to the clerkship year higher than the other two groups. Students who performed at least one half of their clerkships at a health science centre rated their ability to perform procedures without assistance at the termination of their clerkship year higher than those who performed a majority of clerkships at community hospitals. The former group also reported a higher frequency of performance of the procedures than the community hospital group. Most of the procedures for all groups, however, were performed at a rate of less than one/month.

Chicago↗