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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Skin prick testing using allergen-coated lancets: a comparison between a multiple lancet device and a single lancet applied with varying pressures.

Allergen-coated lancets have been developed to simplify skin prick testing. The effect of variation in application pressure on the response to prick tests was assessed in 20 atopic subjects, and the results compared to the response obtained with a newly devised multiple lancet device (MLD), capable of holding up to eight lancets and of providing a standardized application pressure. A positive weal (greater than or equal to 7 mm2) using light pressure occurred in 2/20 subjects, compared with 14/20 after moderate pressure. The largest weals were obtained using hard pressure and with the MLD (all 20 subjects obtained positive weals) and there was no significant difference in weal size between the two. There was evidence of a late reaction in 4/17 subjects with the MLD and with hard pressure applied to a single lancet, but in only one with moderate and in none with light pressure. Thus both the early and late skin responses are dependent on the pressure applied. The newly designed MLD allows skin prick tests to be performed using a standard pressure. It is also convenient for multiple allergen testing of uncooperative children.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The results of skin prick testing in patients with allergic rhinitis: a comparison between a multiple lancet device and a single lancet.

Skin prick testing (SPT) is widely used in the assessment of allergic disorders. Different SPT techniques are widely used. The aim of this study was to compare the response to SPT using a multiple lancet device (MLD) with the results of a single lancet (SL). Fifty patients with allergic rhinitis were included in this study. Initially, SPT was performed by a SL technique. After one week SPT was repeated using the MLD on all patients. The patients were tested with a panel containing 19 specific allergens including grass pollen, tree pollen, house dust mites, weed pollen allergen extracts, histamine and a negative control. The skin responses were recorded after 15 minutes for each device by measuring the diameter of the wheal and the erythema. The skin wheal responses for grass pollen, tree pollen, weed pollen and house dust mite allergen extracts obtained using the SL were generally significantly larger than those using the MLD. The comparison between the MLD and the SL methods revealed that SPT was positive with SL and negative with MLD in 176 tests (15.3%), and on the contrary SPT was positive with MLD and negative with SL in only 13 tests (1%). In conclusion, we claim that SPT using SL shows a higher degree of sensitivity and reproducibility.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparison of two lancets in the skin prick test].

BACKGROUND: The skin prick test is used to diagnose the allergic sensitization. Its results depend upon several factors, such as the lancet type. In Cuba, the most frequently used are: ALK lancet and blood lancet. OBJECTIVE: To compare these two lancets regarding the size of the wheal, precision, sensitivity and specificity of the skin prick test and, finally, the preference of the patients to one of them. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was performed in 60 allergic patients, aged 15-50 years, seen at the allergy service of Hospital Universitario Clínico Quirúrgico General Calixto García. The skin prick test was performed on the forearm of all patients included, using both lancet types. A negative control (diluent solution) was applied, together with a 54.3 mmol/L histamine solution in five replicates. RESULTS: The mean size of skin reaction to histamine was 6 mm, using a 1 mm single peak lancet (ALK), size was 6.5 mm when using blood lancet (significant difference p < 0.05). Precision, sensitivity and specificity of ALK lancet were 9.7, 100 and 100%, respectively. On the other hand, the respective values for blood lancet were 15.9, 96 and 87%. Of those studied, 27% presented mild pain and 3% moderate pain using the ALK lancet; while 25% showed mild pain and 10% moderate pain using the blood lancet. CONCLUSION: The ALK lancet showed more precision, sensitivity and specificity and it was preferred by the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Development of a self-sterilizing lancet coated with a titanium dioxide photocatalytic nano-layer for self-monitoring of blood glucose.

A photocatalyst was applied to a lancet for pricking the finger to obtain an antibacterial property. A photocatalytic and uniform nano-layer of titanium dioxide (TiO2) on the surface of the lancet (0.36 mm x 24.5 mm) was formed by sputtering and annealed for crystallization of the TiO2 layer. By elementary analysis of the TiO2 layer, titanium and oxygen were detected. Next, for the estimation of the antibacterial properties resulting from the photocatalytic effect, the lancet was packed into a capillary tube filled with a suspension of Escherichia coli K-12 (non-spore-forming bacterium), and was continuously rolled in a continuous UV-irradiation system under black-light irradiation. Distinct antibacterial effects after irradiation at 0.5 mW cm(-2) for 45 min were observed in the crystallized TiO2 layer on the lancet. Finally, lancing resistances obtained by pricking an artificial skin sheet were examined using control lancets, and lancets with an unannealed TiO2 layer or an annealed TiO2 layer. The results showed almost the same lancing resistances for the control (0.53+/-0 N, n=3) and the lancet with an annealed TiO2 layer (0.51+/-0.018 N), while the lancet with an unannealed TiO2 layer showed a high lancing resistance compared with the other lancets (0.62+/-0.05 N). In conclusion, the lancet coated with a crystallized, velvety nano-layer of TiO2 obtained by annealing had antibacterial properties and a similar lancing resistance compared with the bare lancet, and showed potential for application in monitoring blood glucose in diabetes.

Biosensing Techniques↗
PubMed1993

The batch-to-batch variation of the potency of dog- and cat-allergen-coated lancets. Evaluation by skin prick testing.

In clinical work I formed the impression that the potency of Phazet lancets, for cat and dog allergens, was lower than earlier and too low to diagnose all clinically sensitive children with cat and dog allergy. Therefore, I decided to investigate the potency of newly produced and several years old Phazet lancets coated with dog and cat allergens. Twenty-six adults with case histories of cat and/or dog allergy and skin reactive to extracts of either dog dander or cat epithelium were skin prick tested in duplicate with one old batch and one newly produced batch of Phazet dog and/or cat lancets as well as the in-house reference of cat and/or dog allergen, 100,000 BU/ml. The potency of Phazet lancets in relation to the standard was evaluated by the median slope of the allergen dose-response relationship. The potency of the old dog lancets (mean 48,900 BU/ml) was higher (NS) than that of the newly produced lancets (mean 28,000 BU/ml), and the potency of both types of lancets was significantly less (P < 0.001) than that of the dog allergen in-house standard. On the other hand, the potency of newly produced (123,000 BU/ml), but not old (108,000), cat-allergen-coated Phazet lancets was higher than that of the cat allergen in-house reference extract (P = 0.048). There was a marked variation in potency between patients. Most of this variation was due to factors varying between patients, not between lancets, indicating that the composition of the allergen on the lancets was partly different from that of the standard.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative study of 3 types of lancets for performing prick tests].

Skin Prick Test is considered the cutaneous test of choice in rutinary clinical practice as well as in research. In the last 15 years a large number of lancets for puncture test have been developed looking for a higher level of standardisation and reproducibility. We have compared three lancets, two of them, NeoAbelló (NA) and Dome/Hollister Stier (DHS), used in puncture test and a third one, Blood Lancet (BL), in the modified prick test. Twenty-two patients sensitised to Phleum pratense were tested with the three lancets at three extract concentrations and histamine 10 mg/mL in duplicate. We compared their wheal sizes by means of parallel line assay, their reproducibility, frequency of bleeding wheals, the disturbance for the patient and the correlation between specific IgE and skin response. Wheal size was similar for puncture tests (DHS and NA lancets) and significatively lower than BL, being necessary to increase 1.9 times the extract concentration when using DHS and NA lancets to achieve the same wheal size than when using BL lancets (p < 0.01). Reproducibility with histamine was similar with the three lancets while with the extract was somehow better with puncture tests but without statistical significance. Bleeding was significantly more frequent with BL although this did not influence the results. Less pain was obtained with BL. Finally, correlation with specific IgE was slightly significant for NA and very similar for the other two. With these results in mind we think that any of the three lancets is valid for the diagnostic of the allergic patient. Nevertheless, puncture tests are probably the most suitable at a research level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Peer review in a small and a big medical journal: case study of the Croatian Medical Journal and the Lancet.

AIM: To compare reviewers recommendations and editorial decisions in The Lancet, a high-impact journal, and Croatian Medical Journal (CMJ), a small general medical journal. METHOD: Case study of research manuscripts submitted to the CMJ (n=140 manuscripts; 308 review forms) and a sample of similar manuscripts submitted to The Lancet (n=141; 348 review forms) in 1999 and the first half of 2000. Reviewers recommendations and their influence on editorial decisions on manuscripts were analyzed by logistic regression. Agreement between reviewers was assessed by the kappa statistic. RESULTS: Although reviewers scores were identical in the two journals (median=3 for both journals, range 0 to 5), Lancet reviewers more often recommended rejection than CMJ reviewers (44% vs 17%; chi-square=52.1, p=0.029), and agreed best on rejection (kappa=0.29 [95% CI=0.04 to 0.53] vs kappa=-0.04 [-0.45 to 0.36] for CMJ). Lancet editors were even stricter than their reviewers and accepted for publication only 53% [95% CI=37 to 68] of manuscripts graded acceptable by the reviewers, compared with 85% [73 to 91] for CMJ editors (chi-square=10.0, p=0.001). For nine questions about manuscript quality in the review form, multiple regression analysis showed significant association between editorial decision and reviewers scores for the suitability of research design (B=0.70, OR=2.01, 95% CI=1.40 to 2.89, p<0.001) and discussion of systematic/random error (B=0.32, OR=1.38 [1.03 to 1.85], p=0.031) for The Lancet, and scores for novelty of information (B=0.56, OR=1.75 [1.35 to 2.27], p<0.001) for the CMJ. CONCLUSION: Reviewers of big journals, such as The Lancet, are stricter in their recommendations reviewers of a smaller journal, such as the CMJ. The Lancet editors rely on reviewers to identify methodologically superior studies, whereas CMJ editors look for the novelty of information in a manuscript.

Croatia↗
PubMed1999

Capillary blood sampling: relation between lancet diameter, lancing pain and blood volume.

The relation between pain of capillary blood sampling and lancet diameter was studied in 52 healthy subjects. The tips of six fingers were pricked with a Softclix(R) II lancing device using lancets with identical facet geometry but needle diameters of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.8 mm. Two penetration depths (0.9 and 1.2 mm) were applied. Pain intensity and blood volume were recorded.At a puncture depth of 0.9 mm, pain did not differ between the three lancets. Pain increased with penetration depth, and at 1.2 mm the thicker lancets were somewhat more painful than the thinner ones. Blood volumes increased with lancet diameter and penetration depth. If the pain for punctures providing just enough blood for a glucose test (>/=10 µl) was compared, there was no difference between the lancets.It can be concluded that lancet diameter is of minor importance for the patient. Copyright 1999 European Federation of Chapters of the International Association for the Study of Pain.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of a new lancet and a hypodermic needle for skin prick testing.

Skin prick tests with a standard allergen panel were carried out in duplicate (one on each arm) on all patients referred to an allergy out-patient clinic. A new lancet with 1-mm point length and a disposable hypodermic needle were used. Patients were randomized to lancet-needle, lancet-lancet, or needle-needle, and the skin prick tests were done by experienced or inexperienced nurses. The mean of the biggest and smallest diameters was used as a measure of the size of the wheal. Skin reactions from a total of 142 patients were included. For both lancet and needle a significant difference was noted when comparing experienced versus inexperienced investigators' reproducibility expressed as coefficient of variation. There was no significant difference in reproducibility when comparing lancet and needle results, and no significant difference in wheal size when comparing with histamine references. Surprisingly, the reactions on left arms were generally larger than those on right arms.

Allergens↗
PubMed2003

Evaluation of a new lancet device (BD QuikHeel) on pain response and success of procedure in term neonates.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate 2 heel lancet devices in terms of pain response and success of the procedure in neonates undergoing the newborn screening test. DESIGN: Randomized trial. SETTING: Tenth level, mother-and-baby unit of a university-affiliated hospital. Patients Eighty term neonates. INTERVENTIONS: Heel lance using either the BD Safety-Flow lancet (SF) or the BD QuikHeel lancet (QH). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Facial grimacing score (brow bulge, eye squeezed shut, and nasolabial furrow [range, 0%-100%]), cry duration, duration of the procedure, and number of punctures required to collect the blood. RESULTS: Forty neonates were enrolled in each group. There were no differences in the demographic characteristics between groups. During the first skin puncture, the median score (25th-75th percentile) for facial grimacing was 100% (76%-100%) for the SF compared with 73% (42%-100%) for the QH (P =.02). For cry duration, it was 6 seconds (0-9 seconds) vs 0 seconds (0-6 seconds), respectively (P =.01). Pain scores during blood collection (ie, squeezing) did not differ between groups (P =.09). The procedure took less time to perform in the QH group (140 seconds [90-236 seconds]) than in the SF group (215 seconds [137-314 seconds]) (P =.02). The total crying time was shorter in the QH group (90 seconds [66-196 seconds] vs 148 seconds [92-267 seconds]; P =.03). Thirty-six (90%) of the neonates in the QH group received 1 puncture for blood collection compared with 21 (53%) in the SF group (P<.001). CONCLUSION: The BD QuikHeel lancet is superior to the BD Safety-Flow lancet for blood collection in term neonates undergoing the newborn screening test.

Blood Specimen Collection↗
PubMed2001

An automatic incision device for obtaining blood samples from the heels of preterm infants causes less damage than a conventional manual lancet.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate in a randomised blind study the effect on puncture site lesions of two different incision devices used to obtain blood samples from preterm infants by repeated heel sticks. SETTING: The neonatal intensive care unit at the Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Laboratory, Helsinki University Central Hospital. PATIENTS: A total of 100 preterm infants (birth weight below 2500 g) not previously subjected to heel stick sampling. INTERVENTIONS: The infants were randomly allocated to blood sampling from the heel with either a conventional manual lancet or an automatic incision device. The same type of lancet was used for any given baby throughout the study (2-21 days). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The damage caused by sampling was evaluated using four criteria: bruising of the heel, inflammation of the heel, bruising of either the ankle or the leg, and skin healing at the puncture site. The evaluation was based on photographs presenting typical categories of each outcome. RESULTS: To obtain a sufficient volume of blood, on average 2.6 times more punctures were needed when the conventional manual lancet was used than when the automatic incision device was used. Heels punctured with the lancet had more bruising (100% v 84%) and more signs of inflammation (79% v 53%), and there was more bruising of the ankle or leg (92% v 53%) than when the automatic incision device was used. Skin healed equally rapidly in the two groups. CONCLUSION: The use of an automatic incision device for collecting repeated skin puncture samples from preterm infants is less traumatic than the use of a conventional manual lancet.

Blood Specimen Collection↗
PubMed2002

Disposal of syringes, needles, and lancets used by diabetic patients in North East Essex.

To investigate community disposal of contaminated sharps by insulin-treated diabetes mellitus patients, we surveyed 144 patients. Twenty-three (16.0%) were non-contactable, leaving a study sample of 121, of whom 102 (84.3%) responded. Among the respondents 93.1% used lancets and 97.1% needles; 70.6% used lancets once or twice a day and 65.7% used needles twice a day. The majority said they had received no information on safe disposal of sharps. Of those recalling advice, most received it from diabetes nurse specialists. The majority of needle users used needle clippers and/or sharps bins for disposal. Most of the lancet users resorted to drinks cans/bottles or domestic waste. There were statistically significant differences in practices between patients receiving and not receiving advice on sharps disposal (odds ratio [OR] 6.36 [95% CI 2.04-23.28] p = 0.0007 for needle disposal and OR 15.41 [95% CI 3.57-90.12] p = 0.00001 for lancet disposal). There were also statistically significant differences among needle users using and not using needle clippers and/or sharps bins according to the interval since diagnosis and the frequency of needle use per day. This study identifies a need for a standardised approach to sharps disposal supported by an effective method of disseminating information, and a need for advice on auditing its impact.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A new lancet for skin prick testing.

A new lancet with a point length of 1.0 mm suitable for skin prick testing is described. The weal reactions appearing after the use of histamine chloride 1 mg/ml and an extract of Phleum pratense in a 1 HEP concentration (1 histamine equivalent prick) prove suitable as regards size and reproducibility compared with the reactions produced by a more conventional prick test method. The new lancet simplifies the prick test procedure and does not require as much experience as do needles and longer lancets.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Tenderfoot Preemie vs a manual lancet: a clinical evaluation.

PURPOSE: To compare the amount of time required to collect a blood specimen, the number of heel punctures required, and the rate of hematology re-collections required when using a Monolet lancet vs a Tenderfoot Preemie device. DESIGN: Randomized, two-group, quasi-experimental. SAMPLE: Neonates with a birth weight >800 gm were eligible to participate in the study. Twenty subjects were randomized to the Monolet lancet (control) group and 20 to the Tenderfoot Preemie (experimental) group. A total of 157 blood specimens was collected, 89 of which were for hematology testing. RESULTS: For this sample population of preterm infants, less collection time was required, fewer heel punctures were necessary, and a lower re-collection rate occurred with use of the Tenderfoot Preemie than with use of the Monolet lancet.

Blood Specimen Collection↗
PubMed1992

A study of experimental lancets for blood collection to avoid bone infection of infants.

We describe a study made at two pediatric centers to test experimental lancets for blood collection by skin puncture of infants' heels or fingers. Our primary goal is to decrease the hazard of osseous injury while collecting adequate blood, by using three lancet widths at a constant length of 1.0 mm. The three widths used were 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 mm. When success at skin puncture was defined rigidly on the basis of the blood volume obtained, the data show that success was related neither to the lancets' dimensions as tested nor to the age of the child, but rather to the phlebotomist's skill and experience, which improved with time.

Blood Specimen Collection↗
PubMed1970

Comparative studies of smallpox vaccination by the bifurcated needle and rotary lancet techniques.

Comparisons were made in groups of schoolchildren in New Delhi of the rotary lancet and bifurcated needle techniques for primary vaccination and revaccination against smallpox. Vaccines of 3 different titres were employed in the tests. The results indicate that the bifurcated needle technique is superior to the rotary lancet technique for both primary vaccination and revaccination, the percentage of major reactions in revaccinations in which the bifurcated needle technique was used being significantly higher, irrespective of the vaccine dilution. However, the proportion of major reactions decreased gradually in both techniques with the greater dilution of the vaccine.It was shown that when a fully potent vaccine is used there is no advantage in making 2 insertions by the bifurcated needle technique but that when the rotary lancet technique is employed and when the vaccine is not fully potent there is a significant improvement in the successful take rate when 2 insertions are given. In areas where storage facilities for vaccines in the field are not ideal and the full potency of vaccines is doubtful, the use of the bifurcated needle technique with 2 insertions seems to be the method of choice.

Child↗