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Reaction of lecturers to analysis results of student ratings of their lecture skills.

Lecturers in a medical biochemistry course were evaluated by medical students with respect to overall impression and seven specific characteristics expected to predict overall impression. Each lecturer's ratings were subjected to stepwise multiple regression analysis to identify the characteristics that best accounted for the students' overall impression. The results were fed back to the lecturers, and each lecturer was subsequently interviewed. The interviews revealed that 60 percent of the lecturers had not correctly interpreted the analysis. Half of the lecturers expressed interest in improving their performance, and 20 percent of the lecturers requested specific, detailed guidance in overcoming problems. The author concludes that multivariate analysis of student ratings can generate feedback specific enough to guide teacher improvement but that it is essential to present the information to the faculty in conjunction with individual discussions.

Biochemistry

Honoring the history of the Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture. The L Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture. Part 1.

The occasion of the 50th Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture provides an opportunity to look back on the history of the lecture that honors the memory of one of the most outstanding ophthalmologists of modern times. A review is provided as to how the lecture was established after Dr. Jackson's death in 1942 and how the memorial lecturers are chosen. There is a brief glimpse into the life, accomplishments, and personality of Dr. Jackson, and past Jackson lectures are highlighted to demonstrate the breadth of topics and their significance to the advancement of medicine and ophthalmology. In particular, two Jackson Memorial Lectures on the subjects of genetics and glaucoma are discussed since they fit well into the 40-year anniversary of the discovery, in 1953, of the DNA double helix.

Awards and Prizes

A lecture on lecturing.

There are major differences between a lecture and a paper for publication. Often the printed word is spoken at meetings, a kind of compulsive public reading which has robbed the lecturer of the chance of oratory and the audience of a little enjoyment. The simple fact is that although doctors read aloud badly (actors do this far better) most can learn to speak spontaneolsly and with animation; but this requires time and effort, both of which are donated in a miserly way. The successful lecturer is generous and considerate of his audience--a rare being at medical meetings.

Audiovisual Aids

Corcoran lecture: the case for or against salt in hypertension. Arthur Curtis Corcoran, MD (1909-1965). Tribute and prelude to Corcoran Lecture of 1988.

Salt intake in excess of body needs has long been considered a factor in the genesis and maintenance of human hypertension; the mechanism is salt retention due to faulty renal excretory efficiency. This discussion reviews clinical studies that make a case either for or against the salt hypothesis. Included is a summary of recent experiences with 4 days of salt depletion and 3 days of salt loading in 96 normotensive control subjects and 40 hypertensive patients. These studies were done to test the hypothesis that salt-sensitive blood pressure changes are quantitatively related to sodium balance. However, we found no statistically significant relation between arterial pressure changes and sodium lost during salt depletion or retained during salt loading. The failure of that hypothesis prompted a study of the known factors that control arterial pressure by using multidimensional response surface modeling for changes produced by salt loading. The analysis indicated that in these experiments salt-sensitive blood pressure changes of hypertensive patients were controlled differently than those of normotensive subjects. In the hypertensive group, the changes were highly predictable by combinations of variables, which featured plasma aldosterone, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. In the normotensive group, the changes were less predictable; fewer of the factors were involved, and plasma renin activity was the featured variable. These findings and results of studies done over the past 50 years indicate that salt-dependent hypertension is controlled by many factors and is not a strict correlate of salt intake.

Aldosterone