[The course of pharmacy legislation and pharmaceutical industry legislation in the German Democratic Republic].
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The experiences of the New Jersey Society of Hospital Pharmacists (NJSHP) with a professional lobbyist are described. NJSHP hired a part-time lobbyist in 1985 for direct lobbying services, legislative monitoring, and public relations duties. Accomplishments of the lobbyist include reappointment of a hospital pharmacist to the state board of pharmacy, formation of a political action committee, development of a specific political action plan, and creation of position statements. Future goals include sponsoring legislative breakfasts featuring key state legislators and establishing an official state Hospital Pharmacists Day. The experiences of NJSHP with a professional lobbyist have been positive.
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Drugs and all medicinal products are in a special category. The manufacturing, marketing authorization and the distribution of them within the market, require fulfillment of particular conditions compared with other consumer goods. Additionally, the safety of drug use is an important issue for the public health, involving State and insurance authorities, physicians, pharmacists and drug companies. In today's health care environment, any authority involved in therapeutic interchange issues should be knowledgeable about the legal and medical issues associated with this practice. The aim of this study was to provide an analysis of Greek pharmacy legislation and an insight into the infrastructure of the Greek system that is responsible for the safety of the use of medicinal products from the Public Health Standpoint.
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Federal certificate of need legislation (Section 1122 of Public Law 92-603)aimed at the elimination of costly, duplicative or unneeded health care expenditures is discussed. This law applies only to institutional providers receiving federal reimbursements. The key issues for pharmacy are that proposed substantial changes in service and capital expenditures of $100,000 or more must be justified to local and state comprehensive planning agencies prior to implentation. Failure to comply with the legislation can result in a reduction or withholding of federal reimbursement.
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BACKGROUND: California Workers' Compensation (WC) system costs are under review. With recently approved California State Assembly Bill (AB) 749 and Senate Bill (SB) 228, an assessment of proposed pharmaceutical cost savings is needed. METHODS: A large workers' compensation database provided by the California Workers' Compensation Institute (CWCI) and Medi-Cal pharmacy costs obtained from the State Drug Utilization Project are utilized to compare frequency, costs and savings to Workers' Compensation in 2002 with the new pharmacy legislation. RESULTS: Compared to the former California Workers' Compensation fee schedule, the newly implemented 100% Medi-Cal fee schedule will result in savings of 29.5% with a potential total pharmacy cost savings of $125 million. Further statistical analysis demonstrated that a large variability in savings across drugs could not be controlled with this drug pricing system. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the large savings in pharmaceuticals, inconsistencies between the two pharmaceutical payment systems could lead to negative incentives and uncertainty for long-term savings. Proposed alternative pricing systems could be considered. However, pain management implemented along with other cost containment strategies could more effectively reduce overall drug spending in the workers' compensation system.
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