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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Maternal risk factors associated with low birth weight.

Maternal factors comprising of social, obstetric and anthropometric are found to influence LBW. The present study had found association between obstetric risk factors like age of the mother, parity and gravida with LBW. Similar association was also observed between maternal height, and maternal weight with LBW. However, social factors were not found to be associated with LBW. This could probably be due to RUHSA's intervention which requires a further inquiry.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Does grand multiparity affect fetal outcome?

Low birthweight and stillbirth rates of 16,647 Jerusalem deliveries were examined by birth-order comparing longitudinal to cross-sectional data. Six hundred fifty-seven complete sibships of 7 or more were assessed, including 95 sibships from the socio-economically homogeneous ultraorthodox Jewish community of Mea Shearim. In both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies grandmultiparas were not at increased risk for low birthweight, but did have a higher frequency of stillbirths.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1990

Repeat adolescent pregnancy and low birth weight: methods issues.

Longitudinal studies of the relationship between birth order and birth weight suggest that mean birth weight increases with parity among women of all ages. In contrast, national birth statistics and other cross-sectional studies of these relationships suggests a decrease in mean birth weight and an increased incidence of low-weight births with parity among adolescent mothers. We examine the potential reasons for these strikingly different conclusions. Our aim is to determine whether multiparity itself is a low-birth-weight risk factor among adolescent mothers or whether it is a marker for other adolescent maternal conditions that increase the risk of a low birth weight, independent of parity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Determinants of term intrauterine growth retardation: the Saudi experience.

In a clinical study from an unselected Saudi obstetric population, the incidence of and risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation among live births were investigated. From a total study group of 4578 consecutive live births, 76 (1.7%) infants were found to be growth retarded. These infants were then compared with a randomly selected control group of 76 term newborns with appropriate birthweight for their gestational ages. Delivery at term of a growth-retarded infant was significantly associated with maternal age under 20 years, maternal body mass index less than 23, first degree consanguinity, poor housing, primiparity, and inadequate prenatal care in univariate analysis. When considered jointly in multivariate logistic regression analysis, the significant determinants were reduced to primiparity, first degree consanguinity, and poor housing. These risk factors correctly predicted 63% and 71% of the intrauterine growth-retarded infants or normal birthweight infants, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Influence of young maternal age and parity on term and preterm low birthweight.

Data on 4496 singleton births to young women (19 years or less) are reported by maternal age and parity with birthweight and gestation cross-classified to yield rates of preterm and term low birthweight. After adjustment, the risk of preterm low birthweight was increased with very young maternity (15 years or less); preterm low birthweight and term low birthweight were each increased with young multiparity. These data suggest that the identification of factors associated with preterm birth and their incorporation into the prenatal care regimen may be important in improving pregnancy outcome in young women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Birthweight and socioeconomic status: a study in Kigali, Rwanda.

Data were collected on 6709 singleton livebirths occurring in the hospital of Kigali, Rwanda. An analysis of birthweights was carried out by socioeconomic status, parity and age of the mother. The mean birthweight was highest in the high socioeconomic group. An effect of maternal age and parity on birthweight was observed. Because of the strong association between socioeconomic status and birthweight, the incidence of low birthweight can be used as an indicator of socioeconomic development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Past obstetric history of the mother and its association with low birthweight of a subsequent child: a population based study.

A total population sample of 7286 multigravidae from the Greek National Perinatal Survey (April 1983) was used to determine the association between maternal obstetric history and low birthweight of the subsequent singleton delivery. Significant associations were found with previous early and late fetal losses (miscarriages, induced abortions, stillbirths) and history of haemorrhage during a prior pregnancy. It was found that mothers who had experienced miscarriage(s), induced abortion(s) or stillbirth(s) had relative risks (RRs) of 1.65, 1.81 and 3.59 respectively compared with mothers without any fetal loss. The risk increased substantially with the increasing number of losses and reached 8.83 for the small group of mothers who had experienced all three kinds of fetal loss. For mothers with a history of bleeding in a previous pregnancy the risk was double that of mothers without such a history. The results above were changed only slightly when the significant socio-economic characteristics of the family were taken into account.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1992

The effect of smoking during pregnancy on the incidence of low birth weight among Chinese parturients.

The incidence and effect of smoking in Chinese parturients are not well known. In a retrospective case-controlled study of 213 patients who smoked during pregnancy, it was found that the incidence of low birth-weight was doubled. On average the babies were smaller by 200 g, shorter by 1 cm and the head circumference was smaller by 0.3 cm. These anthropometric deficits may have significant long-term effects. Although the incidence of smoking in Chinese parturients is low (2%), the rising trend in recent years should prompt all physicians to advise expectant mothers to avoid smoking before and during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Maternal smoking and alcohol consumption as determinants of birth weight in an unselected study population.

A prospective study was conducted to determine the effects of maternal smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy on the birth weight of fetuses in an unselected study population. Several confounding factors were taken into account. The main factors associated with an increase of birth weight of both sexes were gestational age at birth and parity. Both maternal smoking and maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy had the effect of decreasing the birth weight of female fetuses, whereas smoking, but not alcohol, had a decreasing effect on birth weight of male and female fetuses.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1986

Changes in birthweight distribution from 1973 to 1982 in Addis Ababa.

Birthweight data for 29 586 infants born in health-care facilities in Addis Ababa in 1973 and 1982 indicate that 40-60% of all deliveries took place within the formal health-care system. The mean birthweight increased by 107 g from 3075 +/- 585 g in 1973 to 3181 +/- 550 g in 1982. This increase was uniform over the entire birthweight range but was statistically significant only for infants of low birthweight, the frequency of such births decreasing from 13% to 8% over the period. Stratification of the data by sex indicated a similar increase in birthweight. The stillbirth rate decreased from 51.1 per 1000 births in 1973 to 34.1 per 1000 in 1982, but was statistically significant only for birthweights in the range 3000-4000 g. The shift in birthweight distribution reported here may reflect either changes in the demographic characteristics of the population or unidentified changes in medical treatment.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1994

Intermediate variables as determinants of adverse pregnancy outcome in high-risk inner-city populations.

A probability sample survey of high-risk inner-city women with a live birth in the last 3 years shows that maternal medical risks and health behaviors during pregnancy are important intermediate variables influencing preterm delivery and birthweight. Women who developed two or more medical risks had about three-and-a-half times the risk of preterm delivery and two-and-a-half times the risk of low birthweight compared to those without such risks. Women with prior fetal loss had twofold increase in the risk of preterm delivery and low birthweight. Unintended pregnancy resulted in one-and-a-half to twofold increase in preterm delivery and low birthweight, respectively. Inadequate gestational weight increased the risk of preterm delivery by about 50%. Smoking during pregnancy raised the risk of low birthweight slightly more than one-and-a-half times.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Determinants of low birth weight: a community based prospective cohort study.

The study aimed at identifying and quantifying determinants of low birth weight (LBW) by following a community based prospective cohort of pregnant women in 45 villages in Pune district. In the 1922 live births born to mothers without a chronic illness, in whom birth weight was available within 24 hours, the cumulative incidence of LBW (< 2500 g) was 29%. The unadjusted relative risks for LBW were significantly higher for lower socio-economic status (RR = 1.71), maternal age less than 20 years (RR = 1.27), primiparity (RR = 1.32), last pregnancy interval less than 6 months (RR = 1.48), non-pregnant weight less than 40 kg (RR = 1.3), height below 145 cm (RR = 1.51), hemoglobin less than 9 g/dl (RR = 1.53) and third trimester bleeding (RR = 1.87). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the adjusted odds ratio for LBW decreased with increasing gestational duration, non-pregnant weight, parity and rising education level of the mother. Socio-economic status, non-pregnant weight, maternal height, and severe anemia in pregnancy had substantial attributable risk per cent for LBW (41.4%, 22.9%, 29.5% and 34.5%, respectively). The findings suggest that selectively targetted interventions such as improving maternal education and nutrition, specifically anemia, wider availability of contraception to delay the first pregnancy and to increase pregnancy intervals may help in identifying and ensuring adequate care for those women at greatest risk of LBW.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Low birth weight incidence in Lundu, Sarawak.

The overall mean birth weight of the total deliveries (1986-1988) in Lundu Hospital was 2.96 kg. The mean birth weight for the male babies was 2.94 kg. The Chinese babies had a significantly higher mean birth weight (3.12 kg) than the other ethnic groups (p < 0.05). The overall incidence of low birth weight (LBW) in this study was 11.84 per cent. The Chinese again had a lower incidence of LBW of 6.73 per cent compared to Ibans who had the highest incidence of LBW, 13.59 per cent, with the Bidayuhs 12.97 per cent and Malays, 12.45 per cent. It was also noticed that of the 14.9 per cent preterm deliveries, 37.5 per cent were LBW. The very young mothers (15-19 years) and older mothers (> 40 years) seem to have a higher incidence of LBW. Mothers who had medical conditions like anaemia, hypertension, pre-eclampsia also had a higher incidence of LBW when compared to mothers who did not have a medical condition. Special emphasis should be given to mothers who have medical conditions, and to very young and very old mothers during antenatal care, to prevent incidence of LBW.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A study of the consequences of malarial infection in pregnant women and their infants.

An outline is given of a field research study to be undertaken in Malawi to investigate the pattern and consequences of malaria in pregnancy and infants. The central question to be investigated is whether babies born to anaemic mothers in malarious areas are at increased risk of developing anaemia or altered risk for morbidity from malaria or develop anaemia in the first year of life. The framework for the case control and cohort study to be undertaken is outlined.

Anemia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preliminary clinical study on the management of 26-34 week pregnancy with premature rupture of the membranes (PRM)].

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to determine the optimal solution to the dilemma of "wait-and-see" or "evacuation of uterine contents" and to identify objective criteria in support of one or other of these management choices, in particular in 26-34 week pregnancies with PRM, which is the most difficult situation. On the basis of a clinical study of 54 cases, week pregnancies with PRM did not enable temporization for any considerable time because of the onset of amniotic infection, and a large number of premature newborn with a gestational age of 31-32 weeks, below 1500-1700 g respectively, died a short time after birth. CONCLUSIONS: In 26-34 week pregnancies with PRM, a "wait-and-see" attitude with its sometimes very considerable septic risks is justified by a high chance of fetal survival score (CFSS)--a concept suggested by the authors--, i.e. with a gestational age between 30-34 weeks and respective fetal weights (determined by ultrasonography) between 1400-2100 g, absence of intrauterine fetal pathology, favorable fetal vitality parameters, good prognosis foe vaginal delivery, low C-reactive protein levels, low-grade pathogenicity of cervicovaginal flora, etc. In their preliminary study, the authors suggest determination of a chance of fetal survival score (CFSS) which is of prognostic value and can be useful in determining optimal management in the dilemma raised by PRM in 26-34 week pregnancies.

Female↗