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Results for “Lymphocyte Subsets”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Lymphocyte subsets, lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens, NK cell activity and neutrophil and monocyte phagocytic functions in patients with bladder carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: Assessment of immunocompetence in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 34 untreated patients with bladder TCC, lymphocyte subsets were measured together with lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens, NK cell activity and neutrophil and monocyte phagocytic functions. The data obtained were correlated with both the tumor spread and the grade. RESULTS: In patients with superficial carcinoma, the proportion of CD4+ cells, the reactivity of lymphocytes to mitogens and NK cell activity was significantly lower than in controls. In patients with invasive disease, the CD4/CD8 ratio, lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens and NK cell activity was significantly diminished when compared with the controls and with patients with superficial carcinoma. Neutrophil and monocyte killing was significantly lower than in controls. Patients with high-grade tumors had a significantly lower CD4/CD8 ratio and lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens than patients with low-grade tumors. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate gross immunological abnormalities in TCC patients which correlate with stage and grade of tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Lymphocyte subset, lymphocyte proliferative response, and soluble interleukin-2 receptor in anorexic patients.

BACKGROUND: Despite a prominent malnourished state, anorexics are unexpectedly free from infection. Several studies have shown that the cell-mediated immunity of anorexics might be well preserved, but results are conflicting. METHODS: Lymphocyte subsets, lymphoproliferative response to phytohemagglutinin, and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were measured in 7 patients with anorexia nervosa restricting type (RAN), 6 with anorexia nervosa binge-eating/purging type (ANBP), and 8 controls (C). RESULTS: Compared with controls, significantly elevated percentage of CD4 and CD4/CD8 ratio in ANBP was found. Although there was no significant difference in lymphoproliferative response among the three groups, sIL-2R in RAN was significantly lower than that in the C group, but not in ANBP. CONCLUSIONS: Although detail mechanism still remains to be unknown, some kinds of compensatory mechanism for cell-mediated immunity is working, especially in chronic underweight anorexic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Infection with feline immunodeficiency virus is followed by the rapid expansion of a CD8+ lymphocyte subset.

Lymphocyte subset analysis was performed on specific pathogen-free cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). As early as 4 weeks post-infection a sharp rise in lymphocytes expressing the feline CD8 marker (fCD8) occurred. No changes were observed in feline CD4+ (fCD4+) cell number throughout this period. The expanded subset displayed reduced expression of the fCD8 marker (fCD8low) compared to the control population (fCD8high). Dual-labelling revealed increased levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens on the fCD8low subset compared to the fCD8high subset. The fCD8low population appeared to persist as it was detected in cats which had been infected for a period of 18 months and which displayed significantly reduced numbers of fCD4+ lymphocytes. The data suggest that infection with FIV induces rapid alterations in the lymphocyte profile of the cat characterized by the expansion of a fCD8+ lymphocyte subset. The persistence of this population throughout the course of infection suggests that the early events in FIV infection may be of importance in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Lipid peroxidation and changes in T lymphocyte subsets and lymphocyte proliferative response in experimental iron overload.

This study was undertaken to investigate the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation might be associated with immunological abnormalities in experimental hemosiderosis. The correlation between the degree of plasma and spleen lipid peroxidation with lymphocyte proliferative response and with the proportion of T lymphocyte subsets was studied in normal and iron overloaded male Sprague Dawley rats. The iron-loading protocol consisted of a total dose of iron-dextran (1.5 mg/Kg body weight) divided in daily i.m. injections over twenty consecutive days. Lipid peroxidation was measured by the thiobarbituric acid assay in plasma and in homogenates of spleen. Plasma lipid peroxide level increased rapidly after i.m. administration of iron-dextran and decreased sharply at 48 h after the last injection. Conversely, a progressive increase of lipid peroxidation in homogenates of spleen was observed in the course of the iron overload protocol, remaining high even at 50 days after initiation of iron-dextran injections. The increase of spleen lipid peroxide levels was associated with decreased lymphocyte proliferative response to Con A in iron overloaded rats. The addition of superoxide dismutase and catalase to lymphocyte cultures reversed the inhibition of the proliferative response, implicating reactive species of oxygen as the causative agents of these alterations. These effects may be related with the enhanced membrane and DNA damage occurring during intracellular and extracellular peroxidation. Negative correlations between helper/cytotoxic ratio and malondialdehyde levels were obtained in blood and spleen during iron administration. These results supports the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation plays a role in the immunological abnormalities observed in experimental hemosiderosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Ultrastructure of lymphocyte subsets and of activated lymphocytes in type 1 diabetes as defined by monoclonal antibodies and the immunogold technique.

The ultrastructure of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and activated lymphocytes from 5 patients with recent onset insulin-dependent diabetes as identified by monoclonal antibodies (CD4, CD8 and 4F2) and labelled with gold coupled goat anti-mouse IgG are described and depicted. Electron microscopy revealed no differences in appearance between investigated lymphocyte subsets at the single cell level. Activated lymphocytes as defined by an early activation antigen (4F2) do not always have a characteristic appearance nor do they show morphological signs of activation in all cases. We would conclude that it is not possible to recognize different lymphocyte subsets based only on their ultrastructure.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

Expression and release of IL-2 receptor and production of IL-2 by activated T lymphocyte subsets.

T lymphocyte subsets differ in expression of cell surface antigen and functional properties. Both CD4+ and CD8+ subsets express interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) following their activation in vitro. In the present investigation T lymphocyte subsets were activated by different mitogens and IL-2R expression was enumerated on these stimulated subsets. Peripheral blood mononucleated cells (PBMC) were stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and then stained with anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 antibodies conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate and anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibody conjugated with phycoerythrin using a direct immunofluorescence technique. The percentage of IL-2R positive lymphocytes was enumerated by flow cytometry. The results showed that mitogen activated lymphocytes expressed variable degrees of IL-2R which were significantly higher than the control. 53% of CD4+ lymphocytes and 28% of CD8+ expressed IL-2R following PHA stimulation in vitro. Similarly, 47% of CD4+ lymphocytes and 23% of CD8+ lymphocytes expressed IL-2R following PWM stimulation. The present study also revealed that the release of soluble IL-2R (sIL-2R) and IL-2 production in supernatant from cultured PBMC varied with different mitogen stimulation. Using the same concentration of PHA and PWM as used to study IL-2R expression, higher activity of sIL-2R was detected in PHA stimulated lymphocytes as compared to PWM treated lymphocytes. However, IL-2 production was more in culture medium from PMW treated PBMC. Thus, there was a significant correlation between the cellular and soluble IL-2R but the production of IL-2 from activated PBMC cells had no good correlation with either the cellular IL-2R expression or the release of sIL-2R.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Serum immunoglobulins and lymphocyte subsets in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

The concentrations of serum immunoglobulins were correlated to the stage of disease and the proportions of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in 25 untreated patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Diminished levels of at least one serum immunoglobulin were present in 77% of all patients with CLL and 73% of patients with Stage 0 disease. The mean concentration of IgG, IgM, and IgA decreased with advancing stage of CLL. The percentages of total T, T-helper (TH), and T-suppressor (TS) cells in the peripheral blood were less in patients with CLL than in healthy persons, but the absolute concentrations of total T, TH, and TS cells were greater in patients with CLL than controls (P less than 0.02). The absolute number of B-cells (P less than 0.01) and null cells (P less than 0.001) was also increased in patients with CLL, particularly those patients in advanced stages of CLL. These findings suggest that the hypogammaglobulinemia associated with CLL first occurs during the earliest stage of disease and may be related to the alterations in the proportion of peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Concentration-dependent effects of prednisolone on lymphocyte subsets and mixed lymphocyte culture in humans.

In a previous study the feasibility of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling for a quantitative description of the lymphocytopenic effect of prednisolone was demonstrated. We now applied this technique to compare the lymphocytopenia of T-lymphocyte subsets, namely CD8 and CD4. The finding of similar rate constants for the delay of the effect on different T-lymphocyte categories supports the explanation of this delay on the basis of pharmacokinetics rather than cellkinetics. The time course of the responsiveness of remaining lymphocytes in mixed lymphocyte culture after prednisolone administration could be described with the same model as the lymphocytopenia. The concurrence of both effects suggests that total lymphocyte counts, if considered intraindividually, could be used as a measure for monitoring the indirect immunosuppressive effect of prednisolone. The inhibitory effect on mixed lymphocyte culture of plasma from subjects who received prednisolone was directly related with the prednisolone concentrations in plasma. Just as for the indirect effect, a threshold concentration could be observed in the concerning concentration-effect relation. This is attributed to the decrease of endogenous hydrocortisone levels under the influence of prednisolone. Possible consequences of our results and those from related studies for the use of prednisolone as an immunosuppressive drug are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Selective effects of alpha interferon on human T-lymphocyte subsets during mixed lymphocyte cultures.

Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) cultures of human lymphocyte subsets with or without the addition of physiological doses of human alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) were compared with respect to surface marker phenotypes and proliferative capacities of the responder cells. A selective depression on the T4 (inducer) T-cell subset could be demonstrated as a sequence of events: decreased fluorescence intensity of the T4 inducer cells (day 2 of culture), decreased percentages of T4 cells as demonstrated by cell cytofluorometry (days 3-6 of culture), and decreased 3H-thymidine incorporation of purified T4 cells and decreased numbers of T4 cells harvested from IFN MLRs (days 5-6 of culture). In contrast, it was shown that the T8 (cytotoxic/suppressor) subset in MLRs was either not affected or slightly stimulated by the addition of IFN. The depression of the T4 cells by IFN was accompanied by a decrease in the number of activated T cells expressing Ia antigens. On the other hand, IFN MLRs contained greater numbers of cells expressing the T10 differentiation antigen. In experiments with purified T-cell subsets the IFN effect was exerted directly on the T4 cells and not mediated by either T8 suppressor cells or monocytes. These findings are discussed in relation to other immunoregulatory effects of IFN-alpha.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed2001

[Study on some metal elements levels and the T lymphocyte subset of the peripheral lymphocytes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinomas].

OBJECTIVE: To study some metal elements levels and T lymphocyte subset of the peripheral lymphocytes in patients with nasopharyngeal. METHOD: Metal elements in the patients with nasopharyngeal and normal control were detected by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (Flame SHIMATZV.JAPAN). T lymphocyte subset were detected by the flow cytometry (FCM). RESULT: The level of copper was significantly higher and the level of zinc was significantly lower in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinomas than those in normal control group (P < 0.01 and < 0.05 respectively). The number of CD3/CD4 cell in the patients group were less than those in normal group(P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The results of correlative analysis showed that there was a significant correlationship between the number of CD4 cells and levels of copper in peripheral lymphocytes of the patients group.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Modeling the lifespan of human T lymphocyte subsets.

T lymphocytes may be classified as naive or memory cells, depending on whether they possess immunological memory. The central tenet of this work is that memory lymphocytes revert to naive lymphocytes in vivo. This phenomenon is modeled by a mechanism qualitatively similar to Demoivre's law of human mortality. Additionally, both lymphocyte subsets undergo decay. Model parameters and their standard errors are estimated by maximizing a likelihood function constructed by Kalman filtering of the experimental data on the assumption that it is contaminated by measurement noise of constant relative error.

Cell Death↗
PubMed1999

[Determination of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with chronic tonsillitis].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the cellular immunologic status of patients with chronic tonsillis. METHOD: T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 60 cases with chronic tonsillis were detected. RESULT: It was found that CD4, CD4/CD8 in chronic tonsillis patients decreased than that in normal control group with statistical significance (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the cellular immunologic status in patients with chronic tonsillitis was decreased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Immunologic identification of lymphocyte subsets in experimental murine myocarditis with encephalomyocarditis virus. Different kinetics of lymphocyte subsets between the heart and the peripheral blood, and significance of Thy 1.2+ (pan T) and Lyt 1+, 23+ (immature T) subsets in the development of myocarditis.

To clarify the immune mechanism in myocarditis, immunofluorescence techniques with laser flow cytometry were used to examine serial changes in lymphocyte subsets in the heart, spleen, and peripheral blood of DBA/2 and BALB/c mice inoculated with encephalomyocarditis virus (Experiment I). B cells were identified by staining with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin. T-cell subsets were identified with rat anti-Thy 1.2, and nonpolymorphic Lyt 1 and Lyt 2 monoclonal antibodies plus fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled anti-mouse immunoglobulin. On days 7 and 14 postinfection, the percentage of Thy 1.2+ (pan T) cells in both strains had decreased in the peripheral blood; B cells showed no significant changes throughout the entire period. On the other hand, Thy 1.2+ (pan T) and Lyt 1+, 23+ (precursor and immature) T cells appeared to occupy the major portion of the myocardium on days 7 and 14 when congestive heart failure developed. To confirm this, serial immunohistologic studies (immunoperoxidase staining) of the hearts of DBA/2 and BALB/c mice with encephalomyocarditis virus-induced myocarditis were performed (Experiment II). In Experiment II, most of the stained cells in the hearts of both strains were Thy 1.2 positive and Lyt 1 and Lyt 2 positive on days 7 and 14. Thus, Experiments I and II demonstrated that lymphocytes at the site of inflammation in acute viral myocarditis carried antigenic markers that differed from those of peripheral lymphocytes and suggested that Thy 1.2+ (pan T) cells, especially the Lyt 1+, 23+ subset (immature T cells and T-cell subset precursors) were involved in the development of myocarditis in these animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Serial immunologic identification of lymphocyte subsets in murine coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis: different kinetics and significance of lymphocyte subsets in the heart and in peripheral blood.

To elucidate possible immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of myocarditis, we examined, by immunofluorescence techniques, the serial changes in lymphocyte subsets in the heart, spleen, and peripheral blood of C3H/He mice inoculated coxsackievirus B3 (experiment I). B cells were identified by staining with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled rabbit antimouse immunoglobulin. T cell subsets were demonstrated with rat anti-Thy 1.2, anti-Lyt 1, anti-Lyt 2, and anti-L3T4 monoclonal antibodies, respectively, plus fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled antimouse immunoglobin. The percent of Thy 1.2+, Lyt 1+, and L3T4+ cells was decreased in the peripheral blood on days 3, 7, and 14. B cells were increased on day 3. In contrast, Thy 1.2+ (pan T) or Lyt 1+ cells appeared to occupy the major portion of the myocardium on days 7 and 14, when myocarditis was most severe, while B cells were sparse. For confirmation, serial immunohistologic studies (immunoperoxidase staining) of the hearts of C3H/He mice with coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis were performed (experiment II). Most of the stained cells in the heart were Thy 1.2, Lyt 1, and Lyt 2 positive on days 7 and 14. Thus, independent methods demonstrate that specific antigenic markers on lymphocytes at the site of inflammation in the acute stage of viral myocarditis differ from those on corresponding peripheral lymphocytes, and suggest the possible involvement of Thy 1.2+ (pan T) cells, mainly the Lyt 1+ and Lyt 2+ subsets (immature T cells), in the development of myocarditis in this preparation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution and quantitation of plasma cells, T lymphocyte subsets, and B lymphocytes in bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue of chickens: age-related differences.

Development of the lymphoid cell compartment in bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) of specific pathogen free chickens was examined. Specifically, B lymphocytes, T cell subsets (CD4 and CD8), and IgA-, IgG-, and IgM-producing plasma cells were labeled using immunocytochemical methods. Immunoglobulin-producing cells (IgPC) were quantitated, and comparisons of IgPC numbers were made among chickens of different ages, among immunoglobulin isotypes, and between lymphoid (BALT) and nonlymphoid (non-BALT) areas in the primary bronchus. At hatching, BALT was devoid of IgPC, but by 2 weeks of age cells producing IgA, IgG, and IgM were present. Initially, there were approximately equal numbers of IgA-, IgG-, and IgM-PC; after 2 weeks of age, however, IgG- and IgM-PC outnumbered IgA-PC. At all ages, IgPC were more numerous in non-BALT regions of the primary bronchus than in BALT regions. Small numbers of T and B lymphocytes were present in BALT from 1-day old chickens, but substantial populations of these cells were not seen until 1-2 weeks of age. T helper (CD4+) cells were found near B cell regions in BALT lymphoid nodules, while T cytotoxic/suppressor (CD8+) cells were more evenly distributed throughout the nodules and in the epithelium. B lymphocytes predominated in germinal centers and also overlapped CD4+ populations adjacent to germinal centers. Lymphocyte cell types needed to initiate and regulate immune responses are present in chicken BALT and may be involved in protecting poultry from respiratory pathogens.

Aging↗
PubMed2003

Survival in a population sample is predicted by proportions of lymphocyte subsets.

Comparisons of lymphocyte subsets show that the ratio of CD4 to CD8 is usually greater than one. Inversion of this ratio was found to predict survival in a Swedish octogenarian sample (n=27 deaths), although individual lymphocyte subsets did not predict survival. We have examined these relationships in a larger sample (n=153 deaths). Inversion of the CD4 to CD8 ratio was present in 16% of the sample and predicted survival when adjusted for age but not when adjusted for sex. For individual lymphocyte subsets, higher CD4 and CD19 percentages were associated with better survival, but only the CD19 percentage remained significant when adjusted for age and sex.

Aged↗