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Results for “MESENTERIC VASCULAR OCCLUSION”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

Scintiangiographic diagnosis of acute mesenteric vascular occlusion.

The scintiangiographic abnormalities associated with acute mesenteric vascular occlusion in a child are described. The examination demonstrated absence of mesenteric vascular perfusion and arterialization of the liver. The scintiangiographic examination was instrumental in the patient's management.

Colon↗
PubMed1990

[Value of preoperative diagnosis in mesenteric vascular occlusion. A prospective study].

In a prospective study the value of preoperative diagnostics in acute mesenteric vascular occlusion was investigated in 46 patients. Seventeen patients had an arterial thrombosis, 17 a venous thrombosis, 10 had an emboli and 2 patients suffered from a non-occlusive mesenteric infarction. All patients had leucocytosis with an average of 21,000/nl; serum lactate was increased in 91.4% and phosphate was increased in 36.4%. In 82.6% of the cases loops of the small bowel were seen on the X-ray of the abdomen, but in none of the patients an acute mesenteric vascular occlusion was suspected based on the X-ray alone. In 5 of the 46 cases the occlusion could be seen sonographically. The angiography had a sensitivity of 77%.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of the microcirculation and blood rheology in arterial and venous forms of mesenteric vascular occlusion].

The functional properties of microcirculation and rheology of blood were studied in dogs subjected to arterial and venous occlusion of mesenteric vessels (cranial mesenteric artery and cranial mesenteric vein). It was found that a local alterations of microvascular bed of intestinal wall are quite different in case of arterial or venous occlusion. The degree of hemorheological and microvascular deviations is higher in case of acute venous thrombosis than during the acute occlusion of cranial mesenteric artery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Mesenteric vascular occlusion resulting in intestinal necrosis in children.

PURPOSE: The records of 4 patients who had necrotic bowel secondary to acute mesenteric vascular occlusion affecting various levels of mesenteric vasculature were reviewed to determine the clinical manifestations, diagnostic investigations, predisposing factors, complications, and outcome of mesenteric vascular thrombosis in children. METHODS: The medical records of the patients (3 boys, 1 girl) treated between 1981 and 1996, inclusive, for bowel infarction secondary to mesenteric vascular thrombosis, were reviewed with regard to signs and symptoms, laboratory tests, radiological investigations, surgical findings, histopathologic examinations, and outcome. RESULTS: The ages of the patients ranged between 1 and 14 years with a mean age of 8.2 years. Initial symptoms, present in all patients, were abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and tenderness. Laboratory and radiological findings including abdominal radiographs and abdominal ultrasonography were nondiagnostic. Selective superior mesenteric angiography showed complete obliteration of the superior mesenteric artery with absence of venous return in 1 case. Three patients with massive intestinal necrosis died of multiorgan failure or the complications of short bowel syndrome. Histological examination of the resected intestinal segments showed the typical findings of polyarteritis nodosa in 2 patients. One patient had a previous history of right femoral vein thrombosis, whereas 1 patient had no known underlying disorders predisposing vascular thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS: Mesenteric vascular occlusion is a rare but serious disease leading to death in children. The patients present with similar clinical signs, most frequent and important are acute abdominal pain, vomiting, and distension. Mesenteric vascular occlusion is a rare cause of acute abdomen in childhood, which requires urgent diagnosis and intervention. In suspected mesenteric vascular insufficiency, angiography should be performed followed by intraarterial thrombolytic infusion therapy in selected cases. When intestinal infarction is suspected, immediate surgical resection of compromised bowel is necessary with appropriate postoperative anticoagulation or treatment of any underlying disease.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1990

[Indications and results of second-look operation in acute mesenteric vascular occlusion].

In acute mesenteric infarction (AMI) assessment of bowel vitality after surgery remains to be a difficult problem for which second-look-operation was recommended. From 1977-1989, 115 patients were operated on AMI (explor. laparotomy: n = 28, resection and/or revascularization n = 87). In 36/87 patients, a planned second look was performed for control of vitality or lavage. In 10/87 patients, re-resection was performed, of whom 5 patients survived. By the second-look, 6% of 87 patients could be saved. Over all survival was 41.7%.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1979

[Clinical experience with acute mesenteric vascular occlusion (author's transl)].

Between 1964 and 1978 twenty patients suffering from acute mesenteric vascular occlusion were treated in the surgical department (University of Münster). The average duration of the anamnesis until their hospitalization was 3.1 days and the actual operation was performed 11.35 hours later on the average. In only 15% of the cases had a correct preoperative diagnosis been given. As regards the frequency of causation, 60% of the mesenteric vascular occlusions were caused by a mesenteric arterioembolism, 20% by a mesenteric venous embolism, 10% by a mesenteric arterial thrombosis and 10% by a non-obstructive occlusion. In a post cardiac infarction condition was the predisposing factor in 50% of all cases, valvular defect in 33.5% and tachyarrhythmia in 16.6%. The causes found for the mesenteric venous tbrombosis were insufficiency of the right heart, absolute bradyarrhythmia, recurrent venous thrombosis of the leg, and myeloproliferative syndromes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Sensitivity of preoperative diagnosis in mesenteric vascular occlusion].

In a consecutive series the sensitivity of the preoperative diagnostic in acute mesenteric vascular occlusion was investigated prosprectively in 62 patients. 22 patients had an arterial thrombosis, 20 patients a venous thrombosis, 13 patients had an embolism, six patients a non-occlusive disease and one patient suffered from a dissection of the aorta. All but three patients (95.2%) had a leukocytosis with an average of 18,700/nl. The serum lactate was increased in 88.7% of the patients. The percutaneous ultrasonography was without any pathological findings in 45% of the patients. The x-ray of the abdomen shows signs of an ileus in more than half of the patients. The angiography had a sensitivity of 74%.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Effect of prolonged selective intramesenteric arterial vasodilator therapy on intestinal viability after acute segmental mesenteric vascular occlusion.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of selective intramesenteric artery vasodilator infusion on intestinal viability in a rat model of acute segmental mesenteric vascular occlusion. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although intramesenteric arterial vasodilator infusion may be an effective treatment for nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia, it has also been advocated to increase collateral blood flow after mesenteric vascular occlusion. However, the authors have previously found that intraarterial vasodilators actually reduce collateral blood flow acutely, by preferentially dilating the vasculature of adjacent, nonischemic mesenteric vascular beds, a phenomenon well established in other organs. METHODS: A segment of rat ileum was acutely devascularized, with blood flow provided only by collateral arterial vessels from adjacent, nonischemic bowel. Papaverine (30 or 40 microg/kg/min), isoproterenol (0.06 microg/kg/min), norepinephrine (0.1 or 0.2 microg/kg/min), or vehicle saline was continuously infused into the cranial (superior) mesenteric artery for 48 hours. Viability was then assessed using previously established, objective gross and microscopic criteria. RESULTS: Although papaverine increased total mesenteric blood flow in normally vascularized rats, it not only failed to improve but actually significantly reduced the length of the devascularized segment maintained viable by collateral blood flow after 48 hours. Isoproterenol had a similar effect. Norepinephrine infusion decreased both normal mesenteric blood flow and viable segment length. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that intraarterial vasodilator therapy fails to improve intestinal viability after segmental mesenteric vascular occlusion.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute mesenteric vascular occlusion: a review of 40 cases.

Forty patients with mesenteric vascular occlusion were observed over a ten-year period. The main clinical findings were abdominal tenderness (in 80% of the patients), abdominal pain (in 83%), guarding and rigidity (in 60%) and vomiting. At operation, twelve patients (30%) had massive gangrene of the small and large bowel, 10 (25%) of the small bowel alone, and six (15%) had subsequent gangrene of the small bowel. Atherosclerosis with thrombosis of the superior mesenteric artery was found in 70% of cases, and embolism in 17.5%. Mortality was 77.5%. Nine patients (22.5%) who underwent resection survived.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Acute mesenteric vascular occlusion: analysis of 39 patients.

OBJECTIVE: To study the factors that influence mortality and long term outcome of patients with acute mesenteric vascular occlusion. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University hospital, Kanazawa, Japan. PATIENTS: Thirty-nine patients treated between 1978 and 1995 for acute mesenteric vascular occlusion. INTERVENTIONS: 34 patients underwent laparotomy. Bowel was resected in 29 patients, and primary anastomosis was done in 20. The occluded vessel was revascularised in 5 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: mortality, short bowel syndrome and long term survival. RESULTS: 25 patients had arterial occlusions, and 8 venous. In the remaining 6, the occluded vessel was not identified. 11 Patients developed renal failure, 11 respiratory failure, and 10 disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Twelve patients died within 30 days. The factors associated with early death were acidosis and high serum amylase activity. 9 Patients developed the short bowel syndrome. Survival was 49% at 1 year, and 34% at 5 years. CONCLUSION: Mortality was higher in patients with advanced peritonitis. Mesenteric revascularisation should be attempted to avoid the short bowel syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Mesenteric vascular occlusion in infants and children: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Mesenteric vascular occlusion is a rare disease in the paediatric age group. The pertaining literature is reviewed and two cases are reported. In the first one the vascular obstruction developed after a Wilms tumour on the right side had been removed. Following bowel resection and end-to-end anastomosis the patient died of uraemia. Post mortem examination revealed a diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis and pseudoxanthomatosis in the remaining left kidney, the function of which had probably been affected by the shock associated with mesenteric thrombosis. In the second case a mixed mesenteric vascular occlusion was found without any previous disease; after ileal resection and ileo-coecal anastomosis the baby made a smooth recovery.

Child, Preschool↗