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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Deuteromycotina: Moniliales), a fungal pathogen of the mosquito Aedes australis. I. Influence of temperature, pH and salinity on the growth and sporulation of the fungus in the laboratory.

The New Zealand strain of Tolypocladium cylindrosporum was cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar medium under varying regimes of growth conditions. The isolate exhibited good tolerances to temperature (4-35 degrees C), pH (3-10) and salinity (0-7% NaCl). Optimal vegetative growth and sporulation were recorded between a temperature range of 20-30 degrees C, pH of 5-6 and a salinity level of 0-2% NaCl. The North American isolate of the fungus showed similar tolerances, while the European isolate was less tolerant.

Aedes↗
PubMed1987

Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Deuteromycotina: Moniliales), a fungal pathogen of the mosquito Aedes australis. II. Methods of spore propagation and storage.

A laboratory fermenter was used to produce up to 12 l of infective Tolypocladium cylindrosporum blastoconidia in Sabouraud dextrose broth. Two media derived from coconuts were also demonstrated as suitable alternative systems for the production of viable blastoconidia. T. cylindrosporum conidia when dried at 37 degrees C and stored at 4 degrees C retained their viability for 10 months, but, when stored at 25 degrees C, the conidia lost viability after 2 months and blastoconidia did not survive the drying process. Distilled water suspensions were a simple, economic technique for the long-term storage of spores at both 4 and 25 degrees C. The adsorption of conidia onto silica gel crystals was a very suitable technique for the storage of stock culture material at 4 degrees C. The virulence, production and storage capabilities of both spore types were examined.

Aedes↗
PubMed1987

Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Deuteromycotina: Moniliales), a fungal pathogen of the mosquito Aedes australis. III. Field trials against two mosquito species.

A blastoconidial preparation of the New Zealand isolate of T. cylindrosporum was tested in two field trials against larvae of the freshwater mosquito Aedes subalbirostris and the brackish water species Ae. australis. There was some reduction in the population of the Ae. subalbirostris larvae and larvae collected from the test pools exhibited signs of fungal infection when reared in the laboratory. In the brackish pools there was no observable decrease in the larval populations even though Ae. australis is the natural host of T. cylindrosporum [NZ]. Water volume fluctuations in the test pools were a major difficulty experienced when monitoring the results. Tests against field-collected non-target fauna indicated that T. cylindrosporum is non-specific in action. Species of daphnid, dixid larvae and copepods were all susceptible to infection at varying degrees.

Aedes↗
PubMed2001

Desiccant dusts synergize the effect of Beauveria bassiana (Hyphomycetes: Moniliales) on stored-grain beetles.

Diatomaceous earth (DE) is a desiccant insecticide and most efficacious in low humidity. It acts on insect cuticle by absorbing lipids, and perhaps by cuticular abrasion. Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, an entomopathogenic fungus, is most efficacious in high humidity and has a complex interaction with cuticular lipids. Interaction between these materials may enhance insect control performance. Assays with stored-grain beetles were conducted with B. bassiana at rates of 11, 33, 100, and 300 mg of conidia per kilogram of grain with and without single rates of DE that killed 10% or less of the target beetles. The assays revealed synergism in effects on adult Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) at all doses. There was statistically significant synergism for adult Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and larval R. dominica but at only one B. bassiana rate for each target. Both amorphous silicon dioxide, a sorptive dust, and diamond dust, an abrasive, showed synergistic interaction with B. bassiana on adult R. dominica. These results may provide a basis for a least-toxic approach to control of stored-product beetles and for efficacy-enhancing formulation of entomopathogenic fungi.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Organic extracts with antimicrobian activity from Penicillium sp. (Moniliales) isolated from the sponge Ircinia felix (Porifera: Demospongiae)].

This research expresses the potential of the bacterial activity present in the organic extracts obtained from Penicillium sp., isolated from the esponge Irciniafelix. This activity was evaluated through agar diffusion test and Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The susceptibility trials of organic fractions were carried out against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis. The use of the chromatographic techniques (CLV and TLC), permitted to obtain bioactive organic extracts of different polarities, of which only the EtOAc and MeOH fractions inhibited the growth of the bacteria used. Of the EtOAc fractionation, only fraction number 3 EtOAc/Hex presented greatest activity against the Gram-positive bacteria. Number 1 EtOAc/Hex fraction increased its activity against S. aureus (24 mm) and S. epidermidis (25 mm), which can be explained by the loss of possible antagonistic effect during the fractionation process. The CMI trials were carried out for the EtOAc number I subfraction against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, B. cereus and B. subtilis, wich was clinical interest, and shows the potential of this organic extract as antimicrobial agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Incidence of antiprotozoal and antivermal antibiotics in fungi, V Class Fungi Imperfecti Collected in the Vietnamese Democratic Republic.

From soil samples collected in the jungles of Ninh Binh Province of the Vietnamese Democratic Republic, 97 isolates belonging to 54 species of Fungi imperfecti were obtained and screened for the production of antibiotics. The isolates were identified as belonging to the orders Melanconiales, Moniliales, Sphaeropsidales and Mycelia sterilia. In the species studied a very high incidence of antiprotozoal activities were observed.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Phenol utilisation by fungi isolated from activated sludge.

The paper presents the efficiency of phenol removal (concentrations from 500 to 2000 mg/l) by fungi isolated from activated sludge purifying wastewater with high phenol concentration. Five fungal strains were isolated and identified. All isolated strains appeared to be Moniliales from the class of Fungi Imperfecti (Candida sp., Monosporium sp., Trichosporon sp.) Stationary cultures of the individual strains and their mixtures were maintained in Czapek medium containing phenol in concentration from 500 to 2000 mg/l. All isolated strains (except one) were capable of utilising phenol up to a concentration of 1500 mg/l. Depending on investigated strain, phenol in concentration of 500 mg/l was decomposed during 4-25 days, 750 mg/l during 4-14 days. After 20 days, a phenol decline of 1000 mg/l was observed. After 16 days, the phenol decline was 1500 mg/l. Higher phenol concentrations (1500 mg/l) were utilised only by a mixture of two strains. The investigated fungal strains showed good efficiency of phenol removal from high phenol concentration in wastewater and they may be proposed for use in the process of purifying wastewater of this type.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed2002

Microfungi on compositae in the Ruhr Basin.

Forty-three microfungi have been observed on thirty species of the Compositae occurring in several locations in the Ruhr Basin in North Rhine-Westphalia. Many fungi belong to the Ascomycetes (Erysiphales, Diaporthales, Dothideales, Leotiales and Pleosporales) and to the Deuteromycetes (Melanconiales, Moniliales and Sphaeropsidales). Other fungi wich were found in our investigation belong to the Basidiomycetes (Uredinales) and to the Oomycetes (Peronosporales). Some recorded microfungi have been discovered on new hosts in North Rhine-Westphalia and also in Germany for the first time. New for North Rhine-Westphalia are Ascochyta spec. Libert on Matricaria recutita L., Phoma exigua var. linicola (Naumov & Vassilevski) Maas on Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.) W. D. J. Koch, Phomopsis achillea (Sacc.) Höhn. on Achillea ageratum L., Diaporthe aff. arctii (Lasch) Nitschke on Solidago canadensis L. and on Achillea ageratum L., Lophiostoma caulium (Fr.) Ces. & De Not. on Anthemis tinctoria L. and Ophiobolus fructicum (Rob. ex Desm.) on Serratula tinctoria L. New for Germany are Ophiobolus cirsii (P. Karst.) Sacc. on Cichorium intybus L., Phomopsis cirsii Grove on Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten., Pleospora kansensis J. P. Ellis & M. B. Ellis and Pleospora phaeocomoides cf. var. infectoria on Centaurea jacea L.

Ascomycota↗
PubMed2004

[Morphologic structures and identification of dark (dematiaceous) fungi].

Dematiaceous fungi are dark brown, olivaceous or black pigmented groups of fungi. As only and shared characteristic, they belong to the class of Deuteromycetes, order Moniliales, genus Hyphomycetes, and they produce melanin or dihydroxinaphtalene-melanin. Their identification is mainly based on their morphological structure. In this review article, some microscopic properties and differentiation criteria have been discussed for the morphological identification of these fungi.

Melanins↗