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Results for “Macaca mulatta”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Transmission of Sarcocystis suihominis from humans to swine to nonhuman primates (Pan troglodytes, Macaca mulatta, Macaca irus).

Sporocysts of Sarcocystis suihominis obtained from human feces were used to infect swine. Heart, tongue, and skeletal muscle from experimentally infected and noninfected control swine were fed via stomach tube to nonhuman primates including chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), and cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca irus). All primates fed infected swine tissues shed sporocysts beginning 13 to 15 days postinfection and were still shedding sporocysts at the conclusion of the experiment, 30 days postinfection. Rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys were fed infected swine tissues a second time and shed sporocysts. All primates remained in good health throughout both experiments and exhibited no unusual clinical signs as a result of infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Lymphocyte cultures of Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis.

Lymphocytes of Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis were cultured using a microculture technic. The use of RPMI-1640 with fetal calf serum as a culture medium and an extra dose of phytohemagglutinin produced excellent results. Staining of the chromosomes by the Gemsa banding technic did not reveal any differences between the karyotypes of the Macaca species.

Anemia↗
PubMed1975

[Dopamine of the caudate nucleus in Perodictious potto, Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis].

The dopamine, dopac and tyrosinehydroxylase contents of the caudate nucleus in the prosimian Perodicticus potto and in the simii Macaca mulatta and M. fascicularis have been estimated. The results do not support the hypothesis according to which the sluggishness of the potto is somehow related to a low dopamine content of part of the extrapyramidal system as found in the Parkinson-syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A behavioral analysis of complete unilateral section of the pyramidal tract at the medullary level in Macaca mulatta.

Ten Macaca mulatta monkeys were operantly conditioned to perform three motor paradigms designed to evaluate single and combination finger movements. Eight of these monkeys were retested after left medullary pyramidotomy; 2 monkeys underwent left medullary pyramidotomy prior to conditioning. All animals were tested for three years after operation. Monkeys with a completely sectioned medullary pyramid could, with time, perform difficult motor paradigms that required: (1) both individual and combination finger movements; (2) proximal upper extremity motor control; (3) thumb and index finger pincer grasp; and (4) the ability to preprogram and then execute a precision hand movement. The greater the extent of pyramidal tract destruction, the longer the time necessary for recovery of both discrete finger movement and pincer grasp, the greater the effort needed to attain recovery of hand function, and the weaker the affected musculature. The 2 animals in which pyramidotomy of at least 70% of the tract preceded efforts at operant conditioning learned and performed difficult motor paradigms. In all animals, neurological examination revealed that the most enduring and functionally most important deficit that interferes with hand function following pyramidotomy is loss of contactual hand orienting responses and failure of reflex sensorimotor adjustments.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of a nuclease-resistant derivative of polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid complex on yellow fever in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) treated with a newly developed nuclease-resistant complex of polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid, poly-L-lysine, and carboxymethylcellulose [poly (ICLC)] did not die after challenge with virulent Asibi strain yellow fever (YF) virus. The strain of virus is sensitive to the effects of interferon in vitro and is lethal for rhesus monkeys four to six days after subcutaneous administration of 1,000 plaque-forming units of the virus. The mortality rate was reduced in monkeys initially treated 8 hr before or after inoculation of virus but was unchanged in monkeys initially treated 24 hr after challenge. Treated monkeys developed neutralizing antibody to YF virus. The successful treatment of yellow fever in a primate model with use of poly (ICLC) suggests a meaningful role for the interferon system in the host defense against this viral infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Accidental methyl methacrylate inhalation toxicity in a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).

A rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), accidentally exposed to vapors of methyl methacrylate for 22 hours was found in a comatose condition. Attempts to revive the animal were unsuccessful. Necropsy revealed a diffusely mottled liver, pulmonary edema, and atelectasis. The thoracic cavities each contained 30 ml of clear yellow fluid. Histopathologic review of the tissues showed central lobular liver necrosis, pulmonary edema, pulmonary emphysema, and atelectasis. Analysis of a blood sample obtained from the monkey 1.5 hours prior to death showed a normal hemogram, but elevated values for serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphohexose isomerase, blood urea nitrogen, and serum sodium. The pathologic findings, laboratory results, and clinical history suggested a diagnosis of methyl methacrylate poisoning.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cerebellar regulation of phonation in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).

Five rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were trained to emit a "coo" vocalization with a duration of at least 500 msec. After stable performance was achieved cerebellar lesions were introduced, and various pre- and postlesion measures of phonation and of laryngeal EMG activity were compared to assess the effects of the lesions. The phonatory changes were interpreted with respect to possible laryngeal or respiratory modifications. The relation between fundamental frequency and intensity of phonation was changed in some animals, with no obvious alterations in either fundamental frequency or intensity considered separately. Intensity of phonation was decreased while duration was prolonged in two animals. Fundamental frequency of phonation was also affected in some animals. Reliable laryngeal EMG was obtained in two animals and was affected by cerebellar lesions. These results indicate that normal cerebellar function is involved in the control of fundamental frequency, intensity, duration, and the coordination of the laryngeal and respiratory systems for the control of phonation.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1979

Experimental Babesia microti infections in non-splenectomized Macaca mulatta.

Eight non-splenectomized Macaca mulatta were inoculated intravenously with strains of Babesia microti that originally were isolated from 2 human cases of babesiosis and then were maintained in hamsters in the laboratory. Patent infections developed in 7 animals with peak parasitemias of 496 to 3,906 organisms/mm3 blood. Prepatent periods ranged from 15 to 46 days. Parasitemia persisted for at least 90 days in all animals and in one, organisms were still present 559 days after inoculation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

High speed liquid chromatography, 14C-radioassay and spectrophotometry for measuring antipyrine plasma half-life in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

6 male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were treated with 14CH3-N-antipyrine (15 mg/kg, i.v.). Antipyrine plasma half-lives (APH) were determined using HSLC, radiometric, and spectrophotometric methods. APHs obtained by HSLC analysis of plasma extracts were lower than radiometric and spectrophotometric determinations. The three procedures were investigated to determine if coextraction of metabolites might be responsible for differences in APH. All three solvent systems extract significant quantities of antipyrine metabolites. N-desmethylantipyrine and 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine may interfere with spectrophotometric determination of antipyrine. While all three methods are capable of detecting changes in hepatic oxidative metabolism, HSLC permits direct measurement of antipyrine concentrations and APH.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effects of single dose supervoltage whole brain radiation in Macaca mulatta.

Three groups of four Macaca mulatta were exposed respectively to a single dose of 1000, 1500, and 2000 rads of 20 MeV whole brain radiation with one animal from each group and a control scheduled for sacrifice at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. With 1000 rads there were no abnormalities. The characteristic lesions in the animals exposed to 1500 and 2000 rads were small foci of delayed radiation necrosis that in the acute phase were relatively large due to marked local accumulation of edema fluid and at later stages were decreased in volume and showed early mineralization. Correspondingly the monkeys frequently showed papilledema, evidently from brain swelling, as the initial clinical finding, and upon histological examination at later stages, brain atrophy and ventricular dilatation. After exposure to 1500 rads the necrotic process was primarily in the white matter of the cerebral hemisphere and progressed from a small number of lesions in this location at 6 months to confluent necrosis at 12 months. At 18 and 24 months, although there was no evidence of further necrosis, there was evidence of increasing gliosis and at 24 months the occurrence of three independent glioblastomas. With exposure to 2000 rads there was a profuse wide scatter of focal necrotic lesions with a predilection for the basis pontis and a clinical deficit inconsistent with survival past 6 months. Accumulation of minute mineral deposits and atherosclerotic plaques were also noted in these monkeys and appeared to be related to both dose and survival time.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Pulmonary vasomotor nerve responses in isolated perfused lungs of Macaca mulatta and Papio species.

1. Lung lobes of Macaca mulatta and Papio species were isolated from the body and perfused by a pump delivering a constant volume inflow. The left atrial pressure was kept constant and therefore any recorded change in pulmonary arterial pressure reflected a change in pulmonary vascular resistance. 2. In five Macaca mulatta preparations stimulation of the upper thoracic sympathetic chain, the stellate ganglion, the middle cervical ganglion and the thoracic vagosympathetic nerve caused a small increase in calculated pulmonary vascular resistance usually followed by a larger decrease. Evidence is produced which suggests that the depressor response is mediated by adrenergic beta-receptors. In three preparations no change in pulmonary vascular resistance occurred. 3. In four Papio preparations stimulation of similar nerves invariably caused an increase in calculated pulmonary vascular resistance. In one animal no change in vascular resistance occurred. 4. A regression analysis of the results showed an inverse relationship between the magnitude of the pulmonary vascular response to nerve stimulation and the degree of excitement of the animals during capture, restraint and anaesthesia (P less than 0.01).

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The effects of prenatal diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure on the genitalia of pubertal Macaca mulatta. I. Female offspring.

Nineteen pregnant female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) received 1 mg/day diethylstilbestrol (DES) over three time periods during gestation: day 21 to delivery (group I), day 100 to delivery (group II) and day 130 to delivery (group III). Seven females and five males of a total of 20 offspring are presently alive at 5 1/2 years of age; one female died at 5 years of age. No deaths have been shown to be treatment related. In female offspring, menstruation began at about 2 1/2 years of age, was irregular for approximately one and one-half to two years and then became regular. Vaginal ridging and/or cervical hooding have been observed in seven of the eight DES-exposed females, and three had histologically demonstrable vaginal adenosis. None of the anomalies was related to a specific treatment period, for they appeared in all treatment groups, nor did they occur in the age-matched controls. Furthermore, none of the animals, either treated or control, showed any evidence of adenocarcinoma. Therefore, exposure of Macaca mulatta females to DES in utero appears to be teratogenic, but thus far no carcinogenicity has been observed. Reports in humans indicate that adenocarcinoma is an additional manifestation of prenatal exposure to DES; also, treatment effects appear to be more commonly observed in individuals exposed during the early stages of gestation. From this viewpoint, the rhesus monkey is a potentially valuable model for the study of vaginocervical anomalies and adenosis, but it is premature to consider it a suitable model for the study of adenocarcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Acepromazine-ketamine anesthesia in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).

Six adult male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were anesthetized using a combination of acepromazine maleate and ketamine hydrochloride administered by intramuscular injection. This combination produced a smooth induction to anesthesia requiring less than 5 minutes. The average duration of anesthesia was slightly less than 1 hour and was safely prolonged with additional doses of ketamine. The depth of anesthesia was sufficient for minor surgical procedures and for precise radiological studies. No deleterious side effects were noted, and animals recovered completely in a short time.

Acepromazine↗
PubMed1975

Genetic variations in primates. Red cell enzymes and serum proteins in Macaca mulatta.

Blood and serum from 17 Macaca mulatta were analysed for haptoglobins, transferrins, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, adenosine deaminase, phosphoglucomutase, acid phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and phosphohexose isomerase. Compared to the human pattern, the AcPh and the ADA components of macaques are fast moving; AK, PGM, 6-PGD and G-6-PG have almost uniform and similar electrophoretic mobilities; and the Hp, Tf and PHI show differential mobilities. All these macaques possess similar karyotypes.

Acid Phosphatase↗