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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Magnesium and its combination with cinnarizine in the long-term treatment of headache.

Some of the so-called calcium antagonists are effectively applied in the prophylactic treatment of migraine. Magnesium compounds reveal some calcium- antagonistic features, which was the reason of magnesium compounds (magnesium sulphate i.m. or magnesium lactate p.o.) evaluation at chronic migraine-patients. The compounds were administered or alone or in combination with cinnarizine (in case of magnesium sulphate). Beneficial effects were registered both after application of magnesium sulphate and, more markedly, after the combination with cinnarizine. The potentiation of the effect is likely due, at least partially, to their own calcium-antagonistic features. The side-effects of the applied drugs were not registered.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Dual effect of magnesium on compound 48/80-induced histamine secretion from rat peritoneal mast cells.

The effect of magnesium on the secretory response to compound 48/80 from rat peritoneal mast cells was studied. The decrease in secretion caused by calcium deprivation was enlarged by magnesium. Glucose partially counteracted the decrease caused by calcium deprivation but not the one caused by magnesium. The addition of calcium to the cells simultaneously with compound 48/80 completely restored the secretory response if magnesium was present. The response was only partially restored in a magnesium- and glucose-free medium, whereas it was almost completely restored if glucose was present. Magnesium had a considerable effect on the restoration of the secretory response of EGTA-treated cells, whereas the effect of glucose was minimal indicating that an effect on the energy metabolism was of minor importance. The secretory response could also be restored by an exposure of the cells to calcium prior to stimulation with compound 48/80. This was, however, only observed if magnesium was present and glucose had no effect. The influence of magnesium on the restoration of the secretory response may partly occur by an effect on the energy metabolism, partly by an effect on the stimulus-secretion coupling. We propose that insufficient supply of Mg2+ to the G-protein during activation by compound 48/80 might cause a suboptimal signal transduction.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1978

Experimental studies on the intestinal uptake of organic and inorganic magnesium and potassium compounds given alone or simultaneously.

The peroral administration of magnesium and potassium compounds in effective doses (ED50) to rats yielded the following results: 1. Magnesium or potassium given as chlorides are significantly better absorbed than the corresponding aspartates. 2. In the presence of aspartate in higher concentrations the absorption of both magnesium and potassium is inhibited to a certain degree. 3. Increasing amounts of chloride cannot abolish the inhibitory effect of aspartate on potassium absorption, in contrast magnesium, which, in the presence of aspartate is better taken up when chloride is provided. 4. High concentrations of magnesium may perhaps impede the uptake of potassium to a small degree but not vice versa. 5. Magnesium losses from the body--induced by treatment with 9-alpha-fluorocortisol-acetate--can be effectively substituted by peroral administration of chloride-containing magnesium compounds over a reasonable time. The simultaneously occurring loss of potassium cannot be corrected correspondingly by potassium supplements.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Magnesium monoperoxophtalate: an efficient single oxygen atom donor in DNA cleavage catalyzed by metalloporphyrin.

The peracid compound magnesium monoperoxophtalate (MMPP), water-soluble at physiological pH, behaves as a promising oxygen donor in the oxidative cleavage of DNA catalyzed by meso-tetrakis-(4-N-methylpyridyl)porphyrinatomanganese(III) pentaacetate. Shown on cleavage of supercoiled phi X174 DNA, MMPP is significantly more efficient than KHSO5, another recently developed single oxygen atom donor (Fouquet et al., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1987, 1169).

Bacteriophage phi X 174↗
PubMed1987

Polyamines and acetylpolyamines increase the stability and alter the conformation of nucleosome core particles.

The interactions of spermine (4+ charge at physiological pH), N1-acetylspermine(3+), spermidine(3+), N1- and N8-acetylsperimidine(2+), putrescine(2+), hexaamminecobalt(3+), and magnesium(2+) with nucleosome core particles have been examined by using thermal denaturation and circular dichroism. Tetra- and triamines were 2-3 times more effective than diamines at stabilizing core particles against thermal denaturation. Secondary effects were also observed, with acetylpolyamines slightly less effective than unmodified polyamines of equivalent charge. Hexaamminecobalt(3+) was less effective than the triamines, while magnesium had essentially no effect. This is surprising since magnesium is more effective than diamines at stabilizing naked DNA. All the cations tested altered the circular dichroism spectra of the core particles in the DNA region (284 nm). The peak at 284 nm was suppressed by tetra- and trivalent compounds to approximately twice the extent of divalent compounds. Magnesium appears to suppress the peak by a lesser extent than the diamines. This indicates that the DNA twist and/or folding is changed by these cations. A plateau of both thermal denaturation and circular dichroism effects was observed at cation concentrations where 30-40% of the total DNA negative charges could be neutralized by the added cations. We suggest that polyamine and histone acetylation function in concert to lower the stability and change the conformation of the nucleosome core, thus facilitating replication and transcription in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypermagnesemia in hemodialysis due to excessive concentration of the element in the dialysate].

Seven patients with chronic renal failure are reported in whom hypermagnesemia developed due to incorrect composition of the dialysing fluid used for haemodialysis. On the basis of these cases and literature reports the authors discuss modern views on the use of magnesium compounds in patients with chronic renal failure. It is thought that in the management of hypermagnesemia a great role is played, besides calcium preparations, by haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Determination of stone-forming risk by measuring crystal formation in whole urine with gel model.

A simple and easy-to-handle method for measuring calcium oxalate crystal formation in whole urine samples using a gel system is described. To prove reliability of the method, the crystallization-inhibiting effect of a number of well-known, so-called inhibitors of crystallization is demonstrated. In testing urine samples from recurrent stone formers and healthy controls, we found a significant difference in the inhibitor index, the stone formers producing more crystals than the controls. Experiments in test persons with oral loading of magnesium compounds and alkalinizing substances suggest that this effect is probably caused by alteration of the urine composition, e.g., a lower excretion of inhibitors by the stone formers.

Agar↗
PubMed1987

Potential health risks from the use of fibrous mineral absorption granulates.

Attapulgite (palygorskite) and sepiolite are fibrous clay minerals used commercially as components in a wide variety of products including oil and grease adsorbents, carriers for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and pesticides. They are also components of drilling muds and animal litter and they are used as paint thickeners. The current annual worldwide production of these minerals exceeds one million tons. Although fibrous in nature, the fibre length may vary greatly depending on the location of the geological deposits. American attapulgite is short (0.1-2.5 micron in length, median of 0.4 micron) but palygorskite from other parts of the world is much longer (30% longer than 5 micron). Several samples of these materials have been submitted to scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). This paper reports the results of microscopic evaluations and makes a comparison with the data from experimental carcinogenicity studies and it is concluded that fibre length is a most important carcinogenic property.

Environmental Exposure↗
PubMed1987

Experimental studies with palygorskite dusts.

As the preliminary results of experimental studies on dust from the palygorskite group have led to some confusion a detailed description of the completed investigation is given for clarification. As in other experiments the biological effects have been shown to be associated with the physical characteristics of the fibres in these specimens. Samples of sepiolite and attapulgite from Spain and a single sample of palygorskite from the United Kingdom have been studied. Serious abnormalities were produced only by the palygorskite and one of the attapulgite dusts. The palygorskite is of no commercial interest and the attapulgite was from one small deposit and was used only in the preparation of drilling mud in the exploration of oil deposits.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1987

Acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase of Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteroids: purification and properties.

Acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase of Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteroids has been purified greater than 130-fold. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 180,000 +/- 15,000 and consists of four identical subunits of 44,000 +/- 2,000. The enzyme was specific for acetoacetyl-CoA; ketodecanoyl-CoA did not serve as a substrate. Catalysis proceeds via a ping-pong mechanism. Iodoacetamide effectively inhibited the enzyme but acetoacetyl-CoA provided considerable protection against this compound. Magnesium was found to inhibit both the thiolysis reaction and the condensation reaction. Acetoacetyl-CoA thiolysis activity was not affected by potassium, ammonium, or several organic acids but was found to be inhibited by NADH. The inhibition by NADH may have an effect during the decline of the symbiosis.

Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase↗
PubMed1987

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: the use of chemical treatments for improved stone comminution.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) can require more than two thousand acoustic shocks to achieve an adequate degree of renal calculus comminution. A decrease in the number of shocks necessary for effective treatment offers both technical and clinical benefits. The results presented here demonstrate that it is possible in particular cases to increase substantially the degree of comminution produced using a fixed number of acoustic impulses by exposing the stones to solutions of controlled pH and chemical composition during acoustic shock treatment. The largest increase in comminution was observed for magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate/apatite stones exposed to citrate solutions. The smaller particle sizes are shown to result not only from stone dissolution but also from an increase in the ease of stone fracture during acoustic shocking. The degree of comminution of the largest fragment sizes was also found to be slightly increased for calcium oxalate stones by exposure to synthetic urine of elevated pH. These chemical methods of increased stone comminution appear to be directly applicable to particular cases and may have general clinical utility if suitable conditions affecting all stones can be found.

Calcium Oxalate↗