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Cephalometric analysis: comparisons between maximum intercuspation and centric relation.

Cephalometric analyses were made of forty-six preorthodontic patients with the mandibular teeth in maximum intercuspation. A Centric-Ceph was used and the analysis was repeated on these patients with the mandible in centric relation. The following conclusions are drawn: 1. No clinically useful prediction may be made from cephalometric radiographs concerning the amount of mandibular deflection from centric relation to maximum intercuspation of teeth. 2. There are differences in cephalometric measurements with the mandible in the two different positions. However, with the exception of a few cases, the differences are slight. 3. The individual cases that have the largest discrepancies tend to be Class II malocclusion cases. The orthodontist should be aware of those cases and be prepared to articulate them for diagnosis.

Adolescent

An analysis of the relationship between posterior dental cross-bite and vertical palatal asymmetry.

The relationship between unilateral posterior cross-bite and vertical proportions of the palatal vault observed in the frontal plane was studied in twenty cross-bite cases wtih asymmetric palates and twenty control cases. The contour of the palate was registered from study models at three different anteroposterior levels with an adjustable template. The tracings of the contours obtained from roentgenograms of the instrument were used to measure the asymmetry of the palate.

Adolescent

Photographic templates (the positive-negative technique).

Uses of the positive-negative technique are as follows: 1. Study of soft-tissue changes in purely orthodontic cases. 2. In conjunction with a visual treatment objective plan as presented by Reed Holdaway. 3. In the posteroanterior cephalogram, to study changes in the lip form and the alar base changes which occur in surgical and purely orthodontic procedures done to the maxilla when the vertical dimension is reduced or increase. 4. In prosthetic dentistry, for determining proper lip position. 5. In rhinoplasty procedures, to determine the most desirable profile for the patient. 6. In consultation, for better conveying to the patient what can possibly be done to change his dental-facial contours and also give the patient a choice as to how he might like to look. 7. In research, to study soft-tissue changes and long-term case results. 8. In teaching students of cephalometrics the location of the hard-tissue skeleton and its relationship to the soft tissue of the maxillofacial complex.

Adolescent

The mandibular plane angle in activator treatment.

The long-term results of activator treatment were investigated in 15 subjects with a small and 13 subject with a large pretreatment mandibular plane angle. The results of the investigation revealed the following: 1. Activator treatment resulted in a general improvement in the sagittal and vertical incisor relationship in both large and small angle cases. 2. Overjet relapse was more frequent and overbite relapse less frequent in large angle cases than in small angle cases. 3. During the period before treatment follow-up examination the frequency of patients with open bite increased in the large angle group and decreased in the small angle group. 4. The mandibular intercanine arch width was smaller and the frequency of crowding in the mandibular incisor segment was higher in the large angle group than in the small angle group. 5. A large pretreatment mandibular plane angle, per se, was not a primary factor in treatment failure. However, an unfavourable mandibular growth in combination with an atypical tongue function seemed to be the main reason for the relapse found in the large angle subjects.

Activator Appliances

Maxillary osteotomies.

In the past decade, biological studies on the maxilla have led to variations in established maxillary osteotomy techniques. Three of these surgical innovations are presented with illustrative case histories.

Adolescent