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Classification of Angle Class III malocclusion and its treatment modalities.

To obtain the best results in the treatment of patients with Angle Class III malocclusion, the etiologies of the malocclusion should first be clarified, and then an appropriate treatment modality should be decided. Angle Class III malocclusions in 120 subjects who had orthognathic surgery were analyzed with cephalometrics and facial photos and classified into 3 categories based on the abnormalities of the maxilla. Type A is true mandibular prognathism, which means that the maxilla is normal but the mandible is overgrown. Type B is characteristic of the overgrown maxilla and mandible with anterior crossbite. Type C indicates a hypoplastic maxilla with anterior crossbite. Treatment modalities should be differentially decided according to this new classification of Angle Class III malocclusions.

Adolescent↗

Size discrepancy of apical bases and treatment success in angle Class III malocclusion.

The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to measure the apical bases and determine their size relationship in Class III malocclusion cases before and after orthodontic treatment, in order to evaluate their significance for the treatment success. Maxillary and mandibular apical bases were measured on study models of 104 Class III cases treated by conventional orthodontics, using a specifically constructed conveyance apparatus, and related to each other as an index. Treatment success was quantitatively assessed as the percentage change of PAR scores obtained from the pretreatment and posttreatment study models. Statistically significant relationships were disclosed between the measurements of the apical bases and several other evaluated parameters. The results obtained indicate a high prognostic value of the size relationship of the apical bases for the treatment success of Class III malocclusion.

Adolescent↗

Skeletal and dental effects of maxillary protraction in patients with angle class III malocclusion. A meta-analysis.

The aim of this study was a quantitative review of the published results concerning the treatment effects of maxillary protraction in patients with Angle Class III using the meta-analysis method. 85 articles published between 1966 and 1998 were reviewed under strict, pre-defined criteria. Of these, 12 studies presenting results of cephalometric measurements were selected for further analysis. The results of different cephalometric measurements were reviewed with Dstat 1.10 software in order to calculate a standardized treatment effect variable. The homogeneity of the variances of the different effect variables as well as a composite effect were calculated. For the latter, each individual effect variable was weighted by the reciprocal of its variance, with predefined study characteristics being used for categorical model calculations. Our results showed a significant composite effect of the therapy on the skeletal components (SNA: 1.4 degrees, composite effect = 1.11; SNB: -1.3 degrees, composite effect = -0.94; ANB: 2.6 degrees, composite effect = 1.73; lower anterior face height: 1.6 mm, composite effect = 0.85) as well as on the dental components of the face (inclination of upper incisors: 1.6 degrees, composite effect = 0.37; inclination of lower incisors: -3.7 degrees, composite effect = -0.87). However, several of the individual effect variables demonstrated a significant lack of homogeneity. Study characteristics which might possibly account for this variability were the patients' ages at the start of treatment and the combination of maxillary protraction with rapid maxillary expansion. In summary, maxillary protraction was shown to have a significant treatment effect. The meta-analysis method proved to be a valuable tool in judging the current status of a given clinical therapeutic concept.

Cephalometry↗