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Results for “Mandibular Condyle”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Histochemical and radiologic studies of the human fetal mandibular condyle.

Histochemical investigations on the mandibular condyle were performed on 72 human embryos and fetuses of crown-rump lengths (CRL) ranging from 26 to 186 mm, representing skeletal maturity indices expressed in CNO values (CNO = composite number of ossified bones in the hand and foot) ranging from 0-0 to 19-12. The development of the mandibular condyle is described according to morphology and to histochemical reactions for glycosaminoglucuronglycans, collagen, glycogen, alkaline and acid phosphatase, and nonspecific AS esterase. The development is described for (1) the bony component of the mandibular condyle, (2) the condylar cartilage, and (3) the fibrous cover of the mandibular condyle. For each tissue component, maturation steps are set up and included in the total evaluation of the condylar maturity stages. The developmental sequence set up on the basis of the morphologic and histochemical findings was followed by all condyles investigated. From this it may be presumed that the developmental sequence in human mandibular condylar components is constant during the former half of the prenatal period. The material available did not justify a description of skeletal development in the mandibular condyle as a function of fetal size, CRL, or skeletal maturity in the hand and foot.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A case of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle].

A case of mandibular condyle osteochondroma is reported, special attention being paid to radiographic aspects and to the functional changes brought on by this neoplasia. Surgical and meta-operative treatment to correct residual latero-deviation and occlusal relations are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Functional analytic studies on mandibular motility after fractures of the mandibular condyle].

In 42 patients, the mandibular protrusion and lateral excursions after fractures of the mandibular condyles were recorded using the "arrow-angle" registration method. The opening of the mouth was measured directly. The restriction of the mandibular mobility did not always correspond to fracture-mechanical expectations. Mobility improved as the time passed after the trauma, without the movement pattern changing.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Chondrosarcoma of the mandibular condyle. Report of a case with special reference to radiographic features.

A case of chondrosarcoma of the mandibular condyle is described. With carefully taken tomographs, a diagnosis of chondrosarcoma of the mandibular condyle can be made with some degree of certainty, on radiological evidence alone. Chondrosarcomata of the mandibular condyle may manifest with the typical symptoms of the temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome. Tumours of the condyle can reach a large size without producing clinically obvious swellings. The literature pertaining to chondrosarcoma of the mandibular condyle is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Osteocartilaginous exostosis of the mandibular condyle. Case report.

Osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle is extremely rare. An unusual case of a 32-year-old man is reported. Throughout a two-year period the patient suffered from intractable pain in the left T. M. J. region, anterior dislocation of the condylar head, malocclusion and facial asymmetry. Radiologic examination revealed that the cartilaginous cap of an overgrowth had functioned as an articular cartilage. A "pseudo articulation" was created with the prominent articular eminence and allowed an almost free movement of the mandible. Review of the seven reported cases revealed that the rare occurrence, natural history, clinical course and lack of recurrence of osteochondroma of the condylar process all substantiate the contention that this overgrowth must be considered as an osteocartilaginous exostosis rather than a neoplasm.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteomyelitis of the mandibular condyle secondary to dental extractions.

Although osteomyelitis of the mandibular condyle secondary to dental extraction is scarcely mentioned in the medical and dental literature, we have seen three cases within a two-year period. The first two patients were examined for an eroded condyle three months and 18 months following the extractions. The third patient, who was treated one month after extraction for acute osteomyelitis of the condyle, has done well. All three patients required operations and administration of long-term antibiotics.

Acinetobacter Infections↗
PubMed1976

Light microscopic and ultrastructural observations of the calcifying zone of the mandibular condyle in the rat.

The hypertrophic stage of development of the rat mandibular condyle was investigated in 16 and 26-day-old rats by electron microscopy. Interest was focused on the zone of mineralization and erosion. It was observed that capillaries invaded the lower level of the hypertrophic zone, without any previous chondroclastic resorption of calcified partitions. The partitions surrounding the hypertrophic chondrocytes were not mineralized around their entire circumference at the level of capillary penetration. The capillaries were accompanied by perivascular cells but these showed no similarities to chondroclasts. Multinucleated chondro- or osteoclasts were however present at a lower level of the subchondral area. It is suggested that there are no inherent differences with respect to the pattern of mineralization and erosion between the epiphyseal growth plate and the developing mandibular condyle.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Histological and microradiographical studies of human mandibular condyle.

Twenty-one clinically normal human mandibular condyles were examined by histologic and microradiographic methods obtaining some measurements. The histologic structures of condyle were quite different between the child group and other aged groups. The difference in the surface articular zone composed of the fibrous tissue was not so great in all age groups, while there was quite a difference in the structure in the remaining zones. It was clearly demonstrated by microradiogram that the osteons of the subarticular bone plate were more prominent in aging. Abnormal structures of the condyle were revealed in some individuals of the adult and old age groups, which were assumed probably to be the reactive remodelling against the functional changes of the temporomandibular joint.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle: report of case.

A case of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle has been presented. The facial and occlusal deformities produced by the tumor are described. After the surgical treatment and concomitant orthodontic treatment, satisfactory occlusion and facial contour were established.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry for evaluating age-related changes in the rat mandibular condyle decalcified by intravenous infusion.

Age-related changes in cell proliferation kinetics of the mandibular condyle were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) immunohistochemistry in decalcified, paraffin-embedded tissues. Intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg BrdUrd was given 1 hr before animal sacrifice. Continuous perfusion of EDTA solution via the left ventricle shortened the decalcification time. Immunohistochemical staining was performed with monoclonal anti-BrdUrd antibody. BrdUrd labeled cells, i.e., the S-phase cells, were clearly visible with well-preserved cytological detail. Their nuclei exhibited homogeneously stained granules. The labeling index in the intermediate zone of the condyle decreased with increasing age of the animals. This method is useful for evaluating physiological and pathological changes of the rat mandibular condyle as well as other bones and joints.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The results of the surgical treatment of fractures of the mandibular condyle in children].

The results of surgical treatment of fractures of the mandibular condyle are analyzed in 36 children (39 surgeries) aged 3 to 17; 33 of the operations were carried out in fractures complicated with the dislocation of the condylar head. Reposition and osteosynthesis of the fragments were carried out in 17 cases, replantation of the condyle in 10, and arthroplasty of the temporomandibular joint in 12 patients. Good late anatomico-functional and esthetic results were achieved in 84.6% of cases; this is explained by a differentiated approach to the choice of surgical strategy, an effective system of rehabilitation measures, including early exercise, orthodontic treatment, and low-frequency electromyostimulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

One more look at the mandibular condyle.

A great deal of attention has been given over the years to the development of highly specialized x-ray equipment that, in many instances, has reduced the complex nature of the radiographic procedure. However, it is impossible, and probably always will be, to design equipment that will automatically produce the proper radiographic position. This will remain a distinct function of the technologist, and the individual's skill will have great bearing on the quality of the radiograph. One need only review the literature to realize how innovative our profession has been in developing countless numbers of radiographic positions for demonstrating specific anatomical regions. Moreover, many useful radiographic positions can be found that, for various reasons, never gained the level of acceptance perhaps anticipated by their originators. Consequently, the practical value of these positions often escapes our attention. To illustrate this point, I have selected a radiographic position described some thiry years ago for visualization of the mandibular condyle. It is my intent to demonstrate the practical value of this projection, as well as that of some others not usually thought of, for radiography of the mandibular condyle.

Fractures, Bone↗
PubMed1978

Growth rhythms of the cartilage of the mandibular condyle: effects of orthopaedic appliances.

The growth rate of the cartilage of the mandibular condyle in the young rat exhibits: - a circadian cycle with a maximum of the 3H-thymidine labelled cells around 13(00) and a minimum around 01(00); with a maximum in the number of mitoses around 21(00) and a minimum around 09(00). - a circannual cycle with a maximum in May and a minimum between November and January, and with a difference in rhythms between May and November. The condylar cartilage growth in response to orthopaedical appliances of the mandible is modified and exhibits: - circadian variations. - circannual variations. The responsiveness of the condylar cartilage to orthopaedic appliances is greater when the condylar cartilage growth rate is higher.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Total osteolysis of the mandibular condyle in progressive systemic sclerosis.

This report calls attention to the complete resorption of the mandibular condyle in progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma), a previously unreported finding. This was associated with osteolysis of the ipsilateral coronoid process, both mandibular angles, and autoamputation of the fingertips. The Panorex provides a simple, effective method for studying the mandible in systemic sclerosis. Similar mandibular osteolysis with vinyl chloride exposure is noted.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1976

[Traumatic intracranial penetration of the mandibular condyle].

The authors report a case of severe multiple trauma in which, as a result of the large number of complex injuries together with necessary therapeutic measures, the intra-cranial penetration of the mandibular condyle was unnoticed during the first months following the accident. They emphasize the discordance between the anatomical lesions and their clinical manifestations. Thus a complete radiological examination is necessary at a secondary stage in order to detect such lesions which, by contrast to that which might be supposed, are not obvious clinically. As far as treatment is concerned, rather than resorting to orthopaedic menoeuvres with imprecise traction and which, in any case, fail to resolve the entire problem. the authors recommend a combined maxillo-facial neurosurgical operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Mandibular condyle dislocation into the middle cranial fossa.

A case is reported of a woman aged 25 with a dislocation of the right mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa. The most striking clinical feature is a strongly limited mandibular movement and the fixation of the mandible in the dislocated position. Adequate radiographic examination including tomography is necessary to obtain the proper diagnosis and to determine the position of the condyle and the displaced bony fragments of the cranial base. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important for a successful reposition. In the described patient manual reposition of the dislocated condyle was obtained 2 days after trauma. The risk of intracranial complications makes close cooperation with a neurosurgeon necessary.

Adult↗