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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Organization of mass-screening for early detection of cervical cancer and its precancerous conditions. I. report: Demonstration of a computer assisted mass-screening program (Model Rostock) (author's transl)].

Gynecological mass-screening leads to a decrease of prevalence and incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous conditions. In Rostock a program for early detection of cervical cancer was developed. Organization, application of computer in this model and the expenses of a computer assisted mass-screening-program are discussed. In order to facilitate comparison between various centers, a generally accepted classification and terminology of colposcopic, cytologic and histologic findings are essential. First epidemiological results of Rostock's women are demonstrated to characterize the screened population.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1975

[Organization of mass-screening for early detection of cervical cancer and its precancerous conditions. II. report: Practical experience with a computer assisted mass-screening program (Model Rostock) (author's transl)].

Two years experiences with a computerassisted program for early detection of prestages and early cervical cancer in Rostock-city are reported. From 43.000 women invited to take part in the examination, 27.028 = 65% finally cooperated. Pathological Pap-smears were found in 134 cases (= 0,52%). Histological examination in 51 cases (= 0,2%) showed 1 Erosio vera (false positive), 9 severe dysplasia, 30 carcinomata in situ, 3 early invasions (microinvasive cancer), 3 microcarcinoma and 5 macrocarcinoma. Accessory findings were seen in 10,2%. A good organized mass-screening-system with unique nomenclature, diagnostic and treatment of cervical cancer and its prestages gives the best supposition to cut down its rate of incidence.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hemoglobinopathies and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in one of the regions of Azerbaijan: mass screening and laboratory investigations.

Mass screening in the Geok-chai region of Azerbaijan covered 264 persons. 2 families with abnormal hemoglbin were detected. Electrophoresis in PAG and on cellulose acetate films as well as sickling test showed that in 3 out of 9 members of one of the families HbS was detected. 6 out of 8 members of the others family appeared to be HbD-carriers. In 4 members of this family abnormal hemoglobin was found out in combination with G-6-PDH deficiency. No clinical manifestations were found. A number of beta-thalassemia cases were detected in screened children as well as in adults. Hemoglobin oxygen equilibrium curves were studied in patients with heterozygous beta-thalassemia. In case of G-6-PDH deficiency when it is not possible to obtain active enzyme zones on the columns with PAG these zones can be detected when CoCl2 (2 mM) is added into the incubation medium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Selective screening for cervical cancer. Experience of the Finnish mass screening system.

Names of women eligible to be screened for cervical cancer are taken from the national population registry and the women are invited by a personal letter. The data, from these mass screenings are analysed and stored at the screening registry. To reduced the costs of the system and to increase the yield of preinvasive lesions the idea of selective screening was considered. Tt was decided that if people were selected according to their risk factors, as recorded in the national population registry, the screening would be ineffective as many cases of invasive cancer were found in the low risk groups. High risk factors were determined from anamnestic data on systems and from previous cytological diagnoses. The proportion of women with symptoms of bleeding or the class II-V smears without positive histological results constituted fewer than 10% of the participants, but 20% and 40% respectively of invasive carcinomas were found in these groups during the subsequent follow-up period. Thus it is suggested that selective screening apart from that based on age has a limited application and should be restricted mainly to the interval between the organised screenings, which in Finland is five years.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cervical cancer. Mass screening, incidence and mortality in Finland.

Since mass screenings were started in Finland, the incidence of cervical cancer has dropped by about 50 per cent. In the age groups 25-60 the decrease has been two thirds. Moreover, there has been a similar decrease in mortality in the younger age groups, in particular. All risk groups are not covered by the screening program, however. Cervical carcinoma is still a socio-medical and clinical problem particularly among elderly women.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Mass screening in Sweden for cancer of the uterine cervix. Results and epidemiologic effect.

The mass screening program in Sweden for cancer of the uterine cervix, which was started in 1964, is now almost nation-wide. Approximately a quarter of a million women are screened every year. The attendance varies between 55 and 90%. Approximately two per cent of the screened female population is invited to further examination or treatment. The yield through the mass screening program varies between 3.5 and 10 positive cases per 1000 examined women. The incidence of cancer of cervix is decreasing. This is most evident in those counties, which have been carrying out the screening program for about ten years. The stage distribution in cancer of the cervix has not been changed by the screening program. Mortality in cancer of the cervix is unchanged. There has been an enormous increase in the number of diagnosis of cancer in situ of the cervix, which is a difficult practical problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Results of a colpocytologic mass screening and in-patient casework: comparison by age groups.

This paper reports the results of cervico-vaginal examinations performed on the women (7,098) resident in the municipality of Bollate (mass screening) and the women (1,416) hospitalized in the Gynecologic ward in the same period (in-patients). Age distribution, prevalence of initial and invasive forms, and prevalence according to age groups have been considered. The results are: 1) any kind of lesion is more frequent among in-patient than mass-screening subjects; 2) the prevalence of benign displasia, incipient, in situ and invasive carcinoma per age group, considered per quinquennium, shows a three-phase trend, both in mass screening and in-patient cases; 3) the time of evolution is different for cervicocarcinoma in the different age groups of incipience. Periodic checks are a useful means of precocious diagnosis of cervicocarcinoma; the frequency of checks should vary according to patient age.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of a mass screening program for stomach cancer.

To evaluate a mass screening program for stomach cancer, we followed 32,789 subjects for 6.1 years by means of a record linkage to a population-based cancer registry. The results show that the mortality from stomach cancer among those studied decreased by 9% as compared with the expected number calculated on the basis of the sex- and age-specific rates among the general population. When the study subjects were limited to those aged 40-59 years, the decrease in stomach cancer deaths became more marked, i.e., a 26% decrease was observed. Because this study is not a controlled trial, the results must be interpreted with the reservation that some biases were present in the study subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

alpha1-Fetoprotein measurement in blood spotted on paper: discriminating test for hereditary tyrosinemia in neonatal mass screening.

We describe an electroimmunodiffusion technique for measuring alpha1-fetoprotein in blood spotted on chromatography paper. The system is being used as a complementary test in a neonatal mass-screening program for detection of inborn metabolic diseases in the Province of Quebec. In a series of 102 cases of neonatal hypertyrosinemia, the test has proven to be highly discriminative for hereditary tyrosinemia. It has permitted early detection of eight cases of this disease, including two that would have been missed by the previously used screening procedure, tyrosine measurement only. The test not only virtually eliminates the risk of misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis, but also permits earlier diagnosis of hereditary tyrosinemia and considerably reduces the follow-up work required for newborns with transitory tyrosinemia. The AFP test is simple, fast, practical, and inexpensive. Combined with tyrosine determination, it constitutes an optimal device for mass screening of hereditary tyrosinemia.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microhematuria found by mass screening of apparently healthy males.

Preparation of urinary sediments was adapted for mass screening purposes. The procedure, characterized by most careful collection and transfer of the sediment and by a rigidly controlled work scheme, was tested in a limited population screening program with 446 healthy male participants. A capacity of 100 samples per 12 manhours was achieved. The procedure was found effective in collecting the cellular content, but there was serious cytolysis due to a 11 hours delay between micturition and processing. An unexpected finding was the presence of erythrocytes in all the samples. In 8.8 per cent of the smears more than ten RBC/hpf were present. The significance of this feature is still in study, but it might prove to be a useful prescreening criterion in the cytologic assessment of bladder cancer in large populations.

Hematuria↗
PubMed1977

Mass screening program for prostatic diseases with transrectal ultrasonotomography.

A special chair-type apparatus for transrectal ultrasonotomography was developed in our laboratory 3 years ago. We did a mass screening program for prostatic disease, using this equipment as the primary study in the system. The 132 apparently normal men evaluated ranged in age from 40 to 76 years (mean 55.0). The 48 patients suspected of having prostatic disease underwent secondary studies, consisting of the usual urological examinations. Prostatic disease was detected in 24 cases, including 18 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Thus, the model program revealed an extraordinarily high prevalence of latent prostatic disease among apparently normal older men.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Polystyrene tube immunoradiometric assay for human alpha1-fetoprotein, and its use for mass screening.

We describe a two-site immunoradiometric assay for human alpha1-fetoprotein, with use of antibody-coated polystyrene tubes as solid phase. The sensitivity, precision, and simplicity of this system make it eminently suitable for mass-screening purposes. We currently use it for neonatal detection of hereditary tyrosinemia in the Province of Quebec; measurements are made on blood spotted and dried on paper. This system could be well suited for other mass surveys, such as prenatal screenings for fetal abnormalities.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1978

Mass screening for early breast cancer detection.

In 1969 the Center for Social Diseases of Florence started a screening program for early breast cancer detection. The female population over 40 years of age of a group of outlying towns of the District was invited. From January 1969 till March 1977, 21,725 women have been examined in the program. Mammography was the diagnostic procedure of choice, followed by physical examination if necessary. Negative cases were controlled with biennial mammography. This paper summarizes and evaluates the results of this screening program. At first mammography, 67 cancers were detected, 37% of which were clinically unapparent, 62.3% staged T1A, and 52% N--. The average stage at diagnosis is certainly better than the average stage of cancers diagnosed in unscreened women, thus a better prognosis is expected. Actuarial survival rate of detected cancers was 94 +/- 3.7% at 5 years. False negative and false positive cases are reported. The possibility of hazards in the use of repeated mammography in mass screening is discussed. According to reported data the value of this screening program in terms of secondary prevention (early diagnosis) is confirmed.

Adult↗