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Results for “Mechlorethamine”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Mechlorethamine desensitization in therapy for mycosis fungoides. Topical desensitization to mechlorethamine (nitrogen mustard) contact hypersensitivity.

Five patients with mycosis fungoides who had developed contact dermatitis to a nitrogen mustard, mechlorethamine hydrochloride, even in low concentrations (1 to 5 mg/100 ml), received daily total-body applications of extremely dilute solutions (0.01 to 0.1 mg/100 ml) of mechlorethamine. The concentrations of the drug were approximately doubled weekly if the patient could tolerate it, or they were raised more slowly if the patient could not. Attempts to desensitize one patient were discontinued since he was unable to tolerate a greater concentration than 1.0 mg/100 ml after trying for one year. Another patient was able to tolerate a concentration of 3 mg/100 ml after three months, at which time his skin had completely cleared and treatment was stopped. Three other patients were desensitized during a period of 8 to 13 months to the point of tolerating the full therapeutic concentration used in our clinic (20 mg/100 ml) without experiencing dermatitis or pruritus.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

Failure to induce tolerance to mechlorethamine hydrochloride.

In view of the contradictory results reported in the literature regarding induction of specific immunologic tolerance to mechlorethamine hydrochloride (HN2), the problem was reinvestigated using a "tolerogenic" schedule that had been reported to be effective. Mechlorethamine hydrochloride, 200 microgram, intravenously, was given weekly for five weeks before beginning topical therapy with it. In the test group, five of 13 patients (11 with mycosis fungoides and two with psoriasis) became contact sensitized to mechlorethamine. In another patient, what was probably a contact urticarial reaction developed. In the control group, five of 13 patients (12 with mycosis fungoides, one with parapsoriasis) became contact sensitized to mechlorethamine. Thus, 38% of the patients in both groups became contact sensitized to mechlorethamine. It is concluded that this tolerogenic schedule, just as others previously tried, was not effective in inducing specific tolerance to mechlorethamine.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1977

The treatment of mycosis fungoides: adjuvant topical mechlorethamine after electron beam therapy.

The feasibility of employing adjuvant topical mechlorethamine after electron beam therapy in the treatment of patients with mycosis fungoides is demonstrated. Patients treated with a planned adjuvant topical mechlorethamine schedule had a median disease-free interval of 25 months compared to 17 months for the group treated with electron beam therapy alone. Projected relapse-free survivals are slightly better in the adjuvant group--37% versus 29%. Patients receiving adjuvant topical mechlorethamine after the electron beam were observed to have a low incidence of contact allergy to the medication. The topical medication can be continued if a contact allergy develops by using a planned desensitization program. We currently treat all mycosis fungoides patients with electron beam therapy, randomizing half to receive adjuvant topical mechlorethamine.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1976

Distinctive effects of mechlorethamine (NSC-762), cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271), and BCNU (NSC-409962) on transcription in Ehrlich cells.

Comparisons have been made between mechlorethamine, cyclophosphamide (CP), and BCNU as to the effects of chemotherapeutic drug levels on the transcription of RNA in vivo in Ehrlich cells. Mechlorethamine causes a dose-dependent depression in the synthesis of large Hn RNA transcripts in the nucleus and in the amount of large polysomal mRNA in the cytoplasm without apparent disturbance of polyadenylation and transport. Because of compensating increases in smaller Hn RNA and mRNA chains there is no inhibition of total RNA synthesis. CP seems to accelerate total Hn RNA and mRNA formation but inhibits polyadenylation. CP also produces an excess of short chains with only a minor depression of the synthesis of longer transcripts and messages. BCNU inhibits both RNA synthesis and polyadenylation but without disturbance of the size distribution of the polynucleotide chains. The results with mechlorethamine, in particular, are not easily explained on the basis of premature chain termination at the sites of DNA alkylation.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1976

Intravenous desensitization to mechlorethamine in patients with psoriasis.

Eight patients with psoriasis who had developed contact allergy to mechlorethamine hydrochloride (nitrogen mustard) were subjected to a regimen of intravenous infusion of small amounts of the drug in an attempt to produce desensitization. Although three of eight developed negative patch tests and were presumed to be desensitized, only one patient was able to use the drug therapeutically, and then only for a period of eight months, after which allergy recurred. The other two patients whose allergic contact dermatitis was abolished by the infusions were unable to use mechlorethamine therapeutically because of pruritus. Seven patients experienced some adverse reaction to the infusion. Intravenous desensitization of psoriatic patients who are allergic to mechlorethamine was not successful enough as a useful clinical procedure to allow them to once again use the drug therapeutically.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

Topical mechlorethamine. Cutaneous changes in patients with mycosis fungoides after its administration.

Six patients with mycosis fungoides were treated with topical mechlorethamine hydrochloride for periods of two to four years. Clinical and histological studies for radiomimetic and radiodermatitis-like effects failed to demonstrate any abnormalities. The only observed changes were generalized hyperpigmentation of the skin and melanin-containing melanophages in the papillary dermis. We consider that the long-term use of topical mechlorethamine may be a safe form of therapy, but that a continuous indefinite follow-up of patients on this medication should be mandatory.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

Mechlorethamine in psoriasis. Further attempts to induce immunological tolerance.

Further attempts to induce immunological tolerance in 29 psoriatic patients treated topically with mechlorethamine hydrochloride have not been successful using the intravenous route. The rate of sensitization achieved (65%) is not substantially different from the rate for those patients who had no attempt to induce tolerance (55.5%).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Topical mechlorethamine for psoriasis. An attempt to avoid the development of sensitization by the use of a topical tolerogenic schedule.

The topical application of mechlorethamine is associated with a high incidence of irritant contact dermatitis. An attempt was made to avoid this complication by the use of a topical tolerogenic schedule. Seven of ten patients developed contact dermatitis to the medication after they had completed the schedule, The use of this medication in its present form is unlikely to be practical value in the treatment of psoriasis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

Topical mechlorethamine therapy for mycosis fungoides.

Patients with limited skin involvement by mycosis fungoides were treated with daily topical mechlorethamine. Seven of thirteen patients had a complete remission of diseases. Six of these seven experienced a contact dermatitis and four underwent a successful topical desensitization programme. The possible beneficial therapeutic effects of developing a contact allergy are discussed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1979

A 10-year experience with topical mechlorethamine for mycosis fungoides: comparison with patients treated by total-skin electron-beam radiation therapy.

A group of 243 patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) received treatment with topical applications of dilute aqueous solutions of mechlorethamine and/or systemic chemotherapy over the past 10 years. The likelihood of a complete and relapse-free remission and survival was found to correlate inversely to the magnitude of disease as denoted by a simple staging system. Although disease-free intervals of greater than 3 years have occurred thus far in 32 (13%) patients, the permanency of these remissions and the curability of disease remain uncertain because of the variability of disease progression characteristic of MF. Comparison of treatment results with those published on a large group of patients treated with total-skin electron-beam radiation therapy indicates that the chemotherapeutic approach to the treatment of MF is equally effective in promoting survival.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1979

Differential protection of normal and malignant tissues against the cytotoxic effects of mechlorethamine.

The radioprotective drug, WR-2721 (S,2-[3-aminopropylamino]ethyl-phosphorothioic acid), has been studied in terms of its ability to (a) protect mice against mechlorethamine (HN2)-induced hematopoietic death, and (b) alter the ability of HN2 injections to induce growth delay in a solid tumor, the Line 1 lung carcinoma. When WR-2721 was injected ip 15 minutes before iv injections of HN2, it increased resistance to hematopoietic death by a factor of 2, and the protection declined with a half-life of 1.5-2.0 hours. Similar administration of both drugs failed to alter the responsiveness of the Line 1 lung carcinoma to HN2-induced growth delays, except when the HN2 was given within 15 minutes after WR-2721. This interaction of the two drugs, when given within 5-15 minutes of each other, does not appear to be true protection at the tumor site, but rather appears to result from HN2 inactivation in the blood. When HN2 is given 30-60 minutes after WR-2721, it is possible to obtain a twofold increase in the tumor delay without risking increased hematopoietic injury.

Amifostine↗
PubMed1975

Frequent low doses of intravenous mechlorethamine for late-stage mycosis fungoides lymphoma.

Ninety-two courses of daily low-dose intravenous nitrogen mustard were administered to 46 patients with advanced cutaneous lymphomas (mycosis fungoides, Sezary syndrome and lymphoma cutis). Seventy-eight % of patients showed objective clinical remission, and 35% reached a clinically disease-free state following 1 or more courses. The response rate was greater in patients with the plaque-tumor type of mycosis fungoides than in those with erythrodermic variants. Therapy was free of significant side effects.

Adult↗