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Results for “Medical Informatics Computing”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Concept graphics: a language for medical knowledge.

This paper makes a case for Concept Graphics, a novel form of medical knowledge representation. Concept Graphics are assemblies of icons each of which has a precise meaning. Individual icons are metaphors of the object or process they represent. Concept Graphics are analogs of pathological situations, their symptoms, signs and other relevant components necessary for a diagnosis. We propose three principal areas of application for Concept Graphics: medical education, medical records management and research based on medical records. Our earlier work in medical education showed a clear advantage in using Concept Graphics in parallel with text of equivalent information content, over text alone. A Concept Graphics based intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) is being developed. In the area of medical records management we are developing a system for the rapid identification of relevant records based on rapid visual screening. The Concept Graphics based system can reveal properties common to specific groups of records. As such the graphics are a research tool.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1992

Bringing social worlds together: computers as catalysts for new interactions in health care organizations.

In this case study, computer systems are explored as catalysts for new interactions between departments in health care organizations. Hypotheses investigated changes in the extent to which members of different departments (1) exchange information and (2) understand each other's work following implementation of an integrated medical information system. Analyses showed that communication-based forms of involvement in implementation (communicating with systems personnel and trainers, communicating about new ways to use the system, and receiving support from supervisors for doing so) were overwhelmingly more important than either general participation or computer use in predicting increases in interdepartmental interaction. Changes in tasks and roles also led to new, informal, face-to-face contacts to support computer system use, as well as greater administrative control over the organization as a whole. In addition, results of interviews and observations over the two-year study period illustrate the importance of work group identification in predicting changes accompanying computerization.

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMed1988

Medical informatics: an introduction to computer technology in medicine.

Access and effective management of medical information have become increasingly important in the practice of medicine today. Computer technology is developing to achieve this goal. This had led to the emergence of a new specialty, medical informatics, the basic science of the use of computers in medicine. Areas of patient care to which medical informatics has been applied include history taking, medical records, medical data base information retrieval, test performance, test result retrieval, decision support, patient monitoring, medical education, quality assurance and utilization review, medical research, and medical office and financial management. It is important that these applications become integrated with existing medical information systems and that physicians take a leading role in developing and maintaining these systems.

Computers↗
PubMed1989

[Real-time collection of obstetrical and neonatal data. 1 years' experience].

A real-time program for obstetrical and neonatal data was developed in June 1986 at the maternity hospital in Haguenau. Used routinely, this program has raised comments and controversy. With investigative questionnaires, we have attempted to evaluate how the introduction of computer sciences was perceived by the personnel as well as the patients.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1989

Data protection in health information systems (HIS).

Information and communication systems in a health (care) environment are risky systems as the data processed, transmitted, stored and retrieved are person-related. An unjustified disclosure may compromise the individual's personal or social life. Therefore these systems must be subject to carefully designed and implemented protection procedures guaranteeing the correct use of those data, corresponding in the medical sphere with the ancient Oath of Hippokrates, as well as the preservation of their correctness, completeness etc., as requested by legal regulations valid for the location of the respective computer-aided information system. The same is true for the manual handling of person-related health data by conventional methods. In any case, the data subject's right of informational self determination must be taken into account.

Confidentiality↗
PubMed1989

Extended relational operators for statistical data manipulations in medical databases.

Conventional relational database management systems fail to address three features of statistical data management in a biomedical/clinical database, namely, that (1) statistical and medical data (SMD) require a great deal of space and need to be stored in a reduced form with minimal duplication; indeed, SMD have many derived/calculated and summary statistics that make the number of attributes in a relation (i.e., a set of records) grow rapidly and dynamically; (2) most SMD have hierarchical structures that are difficult to manage using the relational data model since SMD are stored in separate relations for duplication and space considerations; and (3) the management of SMD is made easier if it is possible to reorganize relations or group data, a capability lacking in conventional relational database management systems. In this paper, we (1) introduce five extended relational operators, (lattice) NEST, (lattice) UNNEST, MERGE, SPREAD, and GEN, to reorganize relations; (2) integrate the extended operators with conventional relational algebra and introduce the concept of the lattice relational model; and (3) give applications of the extended relational operators and the lattice relational model in solving the problems of statistical data manipulation in medical databases.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis--therapy and documentation].

The procedures of documentation of diagnostic findings are well established--but different in their graphical and structural appearance of patients histories. Out of multiple findings a retrieval with valid informations is very clumsy. In order to increase quality a complete and reliable registration of clinical data base is necessary. For this purpose the use of electronic media is profitable if the requirements of the data-base are well defined. A nationwide agreement on one key-system--including the transformation of textual structures--is proposed. Only this way leads to comparable results in therapeutic procedures.

Data Collection↗