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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Using sociological concepts in the study of Indian medical systems: medical system, role & profession.

Now-a-days there is renewed interest all over the world in the medical systems other than modern medicine, identified as 'alternative' or 'conplementary' medicine. Research on these medical systems of India, as well as of other Asian societies continues to thrive. In this study, efforts has been made to place these systems in a frame work using the tolls of sociology. The research undertaken encompassed more than this, private clinics and the government hospitals of these systems in Hyderabad and miscellaneous, clinics, such as bone setters also.

Complementary Therapies↗

National Disaster Medical System; medical manpower component establishment--Health Resources and Services Administration, HHS. Notice.

This notice announces the creation of the medical manpower component within the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Department of Health and Human Services/Public Health Service (HHS/PHS) as a part of the National Disaster Medical System (NDMS). The NDMS is an organized resource that may be activated to serve national needs in the event of disasters or other major emergencies requiring extraordinary medical services. The manpower component will contain volunteer medical response personnel and technical staff that will be made available in situations requiring substantial medical services from outside the area affected by the disaster or emergency. The manpower component of NDMS is being established by HRSA/HHS/PHS in cooperation with the Department of Defense (DoD), Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and the Veterans Administration (VA).

Disaster Planning↗

A formal framework for modelling and validating medical systems.

Medical computerised systems which have a major effect on human lives (e.g. those used for diagnosis, therapy, surgery, in the intensive care units, etc) are considered as safety critical systems. Such systems are sometimes responsible for major damages and injuries due to unpredicted malfunction. Misleading user requirements, errors in the specification and in the implementation are the usual reasons responsible for non-safe systems. This paper advocates the use of an integrated formal framework based on a computational machine (X-Machine), in the development of safety critical medical systems. This formal framework gives the ability to intuitively as well as formally model a system, then automatically check if the produced model has all the desired properties, and finally test if the implementation is equivalent to the specification by applying a complete set of test cases. Therefore, the use of this framework in the development of systems in safety critical medical domains can assure that the final product is valid with respect to the user requirements by revealing errors during the whole development life cycle and subsequently add to the confidence of their use. The proposed framework is accompanied by an example, which demonstrates the use of X-Machines in specification, testing and verification.

Medical Informatics↗

Experiences with extended-duration medical laboratory support in deployable medical systems.

Medical laboratory services in an echelon-II Deployable Medical Systems environment were examined after a 6-month deployment in Guatemala-Fuertes Caminos 94 (N). The limitations in preparing and executing laboratory operations by U.S. Army Reserve units using Minimal Essential Equipment for Training components were identified. Corrective actions for planning future operations requiring laboratory support were addressed. Despite significant limitations, 353 laboratory procedures were conducted to standard. Additionally, laboratory procedures supporting blood-transfusion activities was successfully undertaken. Employment of laboratory services in remote environments for extended durations requires special attention and complete planning to ensure that all elements of care are in place to support medical operations.

Blood Banks↗

The search for the elusive electronic medical record system--medical liability, the missing factor.

Over the past few years, the traditional paper-based medical record system has come under close scrutiny by every participant in the healthcare industry. Some groups, especially federal agencies such as Medicare and Medicaid, HMOs, and other third party payors, have begun to demand changes in medical record documentation, and have become very assertive as to what goals and objectives will be met. In contrast, the medical liability insurance industry has remained almost invisible during this period of transition. At a recent electronic medical records (EMR) conference participants attending a software development workshop were asked if they had their systems reviewed from a medicolegal standpoint by a malpractice insurance carrier. In response to this inquiry, not one software vendor raised their hand to indicate this had been accomplished, or was even contemplated. In the author's opinion, the key missing factor in the current quest for a paperless medical office system rests in the domain of those who represent the medical liability industry. All of these gate-keepers of medical loss and risk prevention will eventually be called upon, either by choice or necessity, to validate every working EMR system that is used in medical practices in the future. This article will explore the best information published from this currently silent sector of the industry, and proposes an active involvement by the medical liability industry in the current EMR design and development processes taking place. In addition, there are 10 minimum EMR design criteria contained in this article that are recommended for implementation based upon 16 years of medical malpractice experience and loss prevention input.

Humans↗

Accuracy of intelligent medical systems.

Intelligent medical systems are a special kind of medical software in general, and just as any medical software system they should make accurate presumptions. However, accuracy of intelligent medical systems is highly dependent on various factors such as: choosing an appropriate basic method (i.e. decision trees, neural networks), induction method (i.e. purity measures) and appropriate support methods (i.e. discretization, pruning, boosting). In this paper we present the results of extensive research of the above alternatives on 54 UCI databases and their influence on the accuracy of decision trees, which constitute one of the most desirable forms of intelligent medical systems. We also introduce new hybrid purity measures that on some databases outperform other purity measures. The results presented here show that the selection of the right purity measure with the proper discretization method and application of the boosting method can really make a difference in terms of higher accuracy of induced decision trees. Thereafter choosing the appropriate factors that can increase the accuracy of the induced decision tree is a very demanding and time-consuming task.

Algorithms↗

A single-bedtime-dose self-medication system.

A medication system in use at the Florida Mental Health Institute is based on the unit-dose procedure and weekly reviews of patients' medications. The program is aimed at reducing the use of polypharmacy and of concentrates and stabilizing patients on a single daily bedtime dose of medication. Once patients are stabilized on a single dose, they are trained by the nurses and through a drug group to manage their medications independently after discharge. The system has produced savings of up to 90 per cent of medication costs per patient and is gaining acceptance in other mental health facilities in the state. The authors believe it has the potential for even greater therapeutic and financial benefits by reducing the recidivism that occurs when discharged patients discontinue their drugs.

Adult↗

[Dissolution of ammonium-magnesium phosphate lithiasis with medical systemic treatment. Report of a case].

Presentation of one case of ammonium-magnesium phosphate calculi breakdown using systemic medical treatment with oral Acetohydroxamine acid dosed at 125 mg/8 h and antibiotic therapy based on the antibiogram results. This type of treatment is generally used in an attempt to eradicate the infection, and as prophylaxis of relapse following surgical treatment or SWEL in these difficult to eradicate calculi due to their high tendency to recur.

Aged↗

Exploring unconventional medical systems.

Exotic medical systems still exist in the world's developing areas. These systems often embrace a unique pharmacopaeia and remarkable human relationships. Here is a guide for your personal exploration and appreciation of health care systems unfamiliar to Western medicine. It has been developed from personal use, offering practical suggestions for the study of unusual medical beliefs and practice in the field--and it can be used, closer to home, to survey disease and treatment concepts found in alternative or complementary medicine.

Adolescent↗

The role of analytical sciences in medical systems biology.

Medical systems biology has generated widespread interest because of its bold conception and exciting potential, but the field is still in its infancy. Although there has been tremendous progress achieved recently in generating, integrating and analysing data in the medical and pharmaceutical field, many challenges remain, especially with respect to the crucial core technologies required for analytical characterization. This review briefly summarizes these aspects for metabolomics, proteomics, data handling and multivariate biostatistics.

Biomarkers↗

Optimized model tuning in medical systems.

In medical systems it is often advantageous to utilize specific problem situations (cases) in addition to or instead of a general model. Decisions are then based on relevant past cases retrieved from a case memory. The reliability of such decisions depends directly on the ability to identify cases of practical relevance to the current situation. This paper discusses issues of automated tuning in order to obtain a proper definition of mutual case similarity in a specific medical domain. The main focus is on a reasonably time-consuming optimization of the parameters that determine case retrieval and further utilization in decision making/ prediction. The two case studies - mortality prediction after cardiological intervention, and resource allocation at a spa - document that the optimization process is influenced by various characteristics of the problem domain.

Computer Simulation↗

Cost-benefit analysis of an automated medication system.

Automated medication distribution systems have helped solve issues of efficiency and effectiveness. Cost-benefit analysis conducted by nursing and pharmacy departments can help to objectify the decision to adopt this technology.

Capital Expenditures↗