PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Mefenamic Acid”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Flufenamic acid, mefenamic acid and niflumic acid inhibit single nonselective cation channels in the rat exocrine pancreas.

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, flufenamic acid, mefenamic acid and niflumic acid, block Ca2(+)-activated non-selective cation channels in inside-out patches from the basolateral membrane of rat exocrine pancreatic cells. Half-maximal inhibition was about 10 microM for flufenamic acid and mefenamic acid, whereas niflumic acid was less potent (IC50 about 50 microM). Indomethacin, aspirin, diltiazem and ibuprofen (100 microM) had not effect. It is concluded that the inhibitory effect of flufenamate, mefenamate and niflumate is dependent on the specific structure, consisting of two phenyl rings linked by an amino bridge.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A comparison of tiaprofenic acid, mefenamic acid and placebo in the treatment of dysmenorrhoea in general practice.

The efficiency and side-effects of tiaprofenic acid, mefenamic acid and placebo were compared in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. The trial was a double-blind prospective randomized 3-way crossover study during 6 successive menstrual cycles following a 2-cycle run-in period and involved 50 women with primary dysmenorrhoea selected from 96 volunteers between 16 and 35 years of age. Overall pain was significantly less (p less than 0.05) on treatment with tiaprofenic acid than on treatment with mefanemic acid, placebo, or the women's usual treatments. Both active treatments were well tolerated but more side-effects were reported during treatment with mefenamic acid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Investigation of dressings designed for treatment of alveolitis sicca dolorosa ("dry socket"). Part 3: Influence of mannitol and sorbitol on properties of tablets and dressings comprising acetylsalicylic acid, mefenamic acid and aseptin P.

In the dressings for dry tooth sockets, mannitol and sorbitol as solid hydrophilizers have been applied. Increase of concentrations of these hydrophilizers in the tablets results in dressings with increased swelling ability and pharmaceutical availability but decreased viscosity and resistance to washing out. These properties of the dressings are also influenced by medicinal substances present. The dressing fills the tooth socket within several min, removes pain and remain there for 24-48 h.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1985

The effect of activated charcoal and hyoscine butylbromide alone and in combination on the absorption of mefenamic acid.

Mefenamic acid 500 mg orally was administered to nine healthy volunteers on four occasions 7 days apart. On two occasions allocated at random, activated charcoal (2.5 g of medicoal) was administered 1 h after the drug. Hyoscine butylbromide (20 mg intramuscularly) was given immediately after mefenamic acid on one of these occasions, and on one occasion after mefenamic acid without charcoal. Hyoscine significantly delayed the time to maximum mefenamic acid concentrations but did not affect the area under the plasma concentration-time curve. Charcoal reduced the area under the plasma concentration curve by 36% and charcoal and hyoscine reduced the area under the plasma concentration curve by 42% from their respective control values. We conclude that early charcoal administration in a ratio of 5 g to 1 g of drug effectively reduces the area under the plasma concentration-time curve after oral mefenamic acid administration. Early charcoal administration may be of value therefore in reducing the toxicity of mefenamic acid after deliberate or accidental overdosage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Effect of 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 on renal papillary necrosis and gastrointestinal ulcerations (gastric, duodenal, intestinal) produced in rats by mefenamic acid.

Mefenamic acid, given orally to rats at a single dose of 1200 mg/kg, produced renal papillary necrosis (RPN) in 63% of animals. The incidence was reduced to 27% by 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 (dmPGE2), given at an oral dose of 0.75 mg/kg t.i.d. RPN is likely to be caused by the renal prostaglandin depletion elicited by mefenamic acid, an inhibitor of prostaglandin cyclooxygenase. Substitution with dmPGE2 reduces RPN presumably by preventing the prostaglandin depletion. We conclude that the prostaglandin used is cytoprotective for the kidney. Mefenamic acid, like most nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compounds (NOSAC), produced ulcerations of the small intestine (jejunum and ileum). These were prevented by dmPGE2 (intestinal cytoprotection). Unlike most other NOSAC, however, mefenamic acid produced duodenal ulcers in nearly all animals (80%). Of these ulcers, 88% were perforated. Twenty-five of the twenty-six animals that died had a perforated ulcer. These duodenal ulcers were also prevented by dmPGE2. Mefenamic acid-induced ulcers could be used as an experimental model for testing agents with a potential for preventing or healing duodenal ulcers.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
PubMed1978

Oral antipyretic therapy: evaluation of the N-aryl-anthranilic acid derivatives mefenamic acid, tolfenamic acid and flufenamic acid.

The antipyretic activity of three N-aryl-anthranilic acid derivatives, mefenamic acid, tolfenamic acid and flufenamic acid, was compared and their optimal antipyretic dose determined in a trial in 87 children (aged 5 months to 15 years), who suffered from infections and fever exceeding 38.5 degrees C. Tolfenamic acid proved to be the most potent antipyretic agent of the three drugs; it was eight times more powerful than mefenamic acid and three times more powerful than flufenamic acid. The optimal antipyretic doses were: mefenamic acid 4 mg/kg, tolfenamic acid 0.5 mg/kg and flufenamic acid 1.5 mg/kg. It is evident that the antipyretic activity of these anthranilic acid derivatives is even greater than their antirheumatic effect, the difference being most noticeable in the case of tolfenamic acid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Oral antipyretic therapy. Evaluation of mefenamic acid (short communication).

The capacity of N-(2,3-xylyl)anthranilic acid (mefenamic acid) to reduce fever in children was compared with that of acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol and amino-phenazone. The series of cases consisted of 71 patients in the age range from 3 months to 15 years and with rectal temperatures above 38.5 degrees C. Temperatures were recorded at 15 and 30 min, and 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after challenge with the drug. The antipyretic effect of mefenamic acid in a dose of 4 mg/kg was optimal: it was 2.5 times that of acetyl-salicylic acid or paracetamol and nearly similar to that of aminophenazone. It seems possible that the antipyretic effect of mefenamic acid is stronger than its anti-inflammatory and analgetic properties.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1987

The effect of charcoal on mefenamic acid elimination.

Mefenamic acid suppository 500 mg was administered by rectum to eight healthy adult volunteers followed by either activated charcoal 5 g orally at hourly intervals for 7 h or an equal volume of water on two separate occasions 7 days apart. Administration of charcoal did not significantly affect the pharmacokinetic variables of mefenamic acid. Thus the beneficial effects of charcoal in the treatment of mefenamic acid overdose are largely due to interference with absorption, rather than enhancement of elimination of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Simultaneous analysis of flunixin, naproxen, ethacrynic acid, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, mefenamic acid and thiosalicylic acid in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Simple and reproducible high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) methods have been developed for the simultaneous analysis of several acidic drugs in horse plasma and urine. Although the capillary GC-MS column provided better separation of the drugs than the reversed-phase C8 (3 microns, 75 mm) HPLC column, the total analysis time with HPLC was shorter than the total analysis time with GC-MS. The HPLC system equipped with a diode-array detector provided simultaneous screening (limit of detection 100-500 ng/ml) and confirmation (limit 1.0 micrograms/ml) of the drugs. The HPLC system equipped with fixed-wavelength ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors provided a relatively sensitive screening [limit of detection 50-150 ng/ml for ultraviolet and 10 ng/ml for fluorescence (naproxen only) detectors] of the drugs. However, the positive samples had to be confirmed by using either the diode-array detector or the GC-MS system. The GC-MS system provided simultaneous screening and confirmation of the drugs at very low concentrations (20-50 ng/ml).

Analgesics↗
PubMed1992

Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatographic assay of mefenamic acid in plasma.

Mefenamic acid (MA) is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory analgesic agent widely used clinically. A simple and sensitive liquid-chromatographic assay has been developed for the quantitative determination of MA in human plasma. A reverse phase, 10-microns cyano column (25 x 0.4 cm), a mobile phase of water-acetonitrile-methanol-17 M acetic acid (69:15:15:1 by volume), and an ultraviolet detection (290 nm) are used for the separation of MA and internal standard (methyl-clonazepam). MA and internal standard are extracted from acidified plasma into diethyl ether and after evaporation of the organic phase, the residue is redissolved in methanol. Calibration curves are linear in the range 0.05-3.20 micrograms/ml, and at the plasma level corresponding to the quantification limit (0.05 microgram/ml) coefficients of variation are 7.5% and 10.2% for repeatability and reproducibility studies, respectively. This assay was successfully used in the study of pharmacokinetics of MA in human plasma after a single oral administration of a low MA dose.

Carbamazepine↗
PubMed1990

Caffeine potentiates the nephrotoxicity of mefenamic acid on the rat renal papilla.

The effect of caffeine given in combination with mefenamic acid on the renal papilla was studied. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups and gavage fed either control suspension, mefenamic acid, mefenamic acid and caffeine or caffeine alone for 4 months. Semiquantitative urinalysis was performed at 3 months and showed increased haematuria in the mefenamic acid and caffeine group. There were no significant differences in serum creatinine at sacrifice. Renal histology revealed more advanced papillary necrosis in rats gavage fed mefenamic acid and caffeine compared with all other groups (p less than 0.0001). Rats fed mefenamic acid alone showed more damage than control and caffeine-fed groups (p less than 0.0001, p less than 0.0002, respectively). This suggests that caffeine potentiates the nephrotoxicity of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, mefenamic acid, on the rat renal papilla. The mechanism of this potentiation by caffeine is yet to be defined.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Fixed drug eruption to mefenamic acid: a report of three cases.

Mefenamic acid (Ponstan) is widely used in the treatment of dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia, and musculoskeletal pain. Although only 17 cases of fixed drug eruption provoked by mefenamic acid have been reported in the world literature, in a 7-day period a further three patients with fixed drug eruption due to mefenamic acid presented to the dermatology out-patient clinic of the University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff. The lesions of all the patients became inflamed within a few hours of taking the drug, but two of the three patients failed to appreciate the association. There have been no further episodes of inflammation since the patients avoided mefenamic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Column-switching techniques for high-performance liquid chromatography of ibuprofen and mefenamic acid in human serum with short-wavelength ultraviolet detection.

Column-switching techniques for high-performance liquid chromatography of two acidic drugs, ibuprofen and mefenamic acid, in human serum with short-wavelength ultraviolet detection are described. The method involved extraction of the analyte from acidified serum followed by the chromatographic analysis using column switching. Three ODS columns were used each with different mobile phase, utilizing the difference of ion-pair formation or of ionization caused by pH change. The method offered high sensitivity and selectivity, with short-wavelength ultraviolet detection at 221 nm for ibuprofen and at 219 nm for mefenamic acid. The detection limits were 0.5 ng/ml (2.4 pmol/ml) for ibuprofen and 0.1 ng/ml (0.4 pmol/ml) for mefenamic acid using 1 ml of serum, both at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. With some modifications, the principle of the method would be applicable to other acidic compounds in biological fluids.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1989

A double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study of mebeverine and mefenamic acid in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea.

OBJECTIVE: i) To compare the efficacy of mebeverine, mefenamic acid and placebo in relieving the symptoms of primary dysmenorrhoea. ii) To compare the incidence of concurrent effects during treatment with mebeverine, mefenamic acid and placebo. DESIGN: Double-blind, prospectively randomised, three-way crossover study of mebeverine, mefenamic acid and placebo during three consecutive menstrual cycles. SETTING: University health centres in the UK. PATIENTS: Sixty-four females suffering from primary dysmenorrhoea who experienced pain during every menstrual cycle. INTERVENTION: Dosage was two capsules, three times daily, of mebeverine, mefenamic acid or placebo. Each mebeverine capsule contained 135 mg mebeverine hydrochloride, and each mefenamic acid capsule contained 250 mg mefenamic acid. Paracetamol (up to 2 x 500 mg) was permitted, if required, as rescue analgesia. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Details of pain severity, nausea, abdominal bloating and disruption to daily activities were recorded by means of clinician assessments and patient diaries. Patients indicated their treatment preference after three cycles. Mebeverine and mefenamic acid were superior to placebo in reducing pain severity (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.02 respectively), and mefenamic acid reduced the level of disruption to normal activities (p less than 0.01). The number of concurrent effects reported was five during treatment with mefenamic acid and one each during treatment with placebo and mebeverine. CONCLUSIONS: Mebeverine and mefenamic acid are effective in relieving symptoms of dysmenorrhoea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Effect of magnesium hydroxide on the absorption of tolfenamic and mefenamic acids.

The effect of various antacids on the absorption of tolfenamic and mefenamic acids has been investigated in three separate crossover studies, each consisting of four phases. Single doses of magnesium hydroxide (85 mg, 425 mg and 1700 mg) or of water (150 ml) were given by mouth to 6 healthy volunteers immediately after tolfenamic acid 400 mg (Study 1), and, using an identical study design, after mefenamic acid 500 mg (Study 3). In Study 2 sodium bicarbonate 1 g, aluminium hydroxide 1 g, an antacid preparation containing both aluminium and magnesium hydroxides, or water alone were ingested with tolfenamic acid 400 mg. Plasma concentrations of tolfenamic and mefenamic acids and their cumulative excretion in urine were determined up to 24 h. Magnesium hydroxide greatly accelerated, in a dose-dependent manner the absorption of both tolfenamic and mefenamic acids. The peak times in plasma were shortened by about 1 h by 425 mg and 1700 mg magnesium hydroxide, and the peak plasma concentrations of both fenamates were elevated up to 3-fold. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve between 0 and 1 h of tolfenamic acid was increased up to 7-fold and that of mefenamic acid up to 3-fold. The total bioavailability of tolfenamic and mefenamic acids was only slightly increased. Aluminium hydroxide alone and in combination with magnesium hydroxide significantly retarded the absorption and lowered the peak plasma concentration of tolfenamic acid. Sodium bicarbonate had no significant effect on its absorption. The interaction with magnesium hydroxide leads to higher and earlier peak plasma concentrations of the fenamates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antacids↗
PubMed1991

A comparative study of ethamsylate and mefenamic acid in dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

The effects of ethamsylate and mefenamic acid on menstrual blood loss were compared in a double-blind trial in 34 women with menorrhagia. Both drugs produced statistically significant reductions in blood loss during the 3 months of treatment; the overall reduction was 20% in the ethamsylate group and 24% in the mefenamic acid group. Compared with pretreatment values, blood loss was significantly less in each of the 3 treatment months in the mefenamic acid group, but only in the second and third months of treatment in the ethamsylate group. However, more women had a clinically useful reduction in blood loss (greater than 40%) in the ethamsylate group. The onset of effect of mefenamic acid was rapid but ethamsylate showed a comparatively greater effect as the trial progressed. Cessation of treatment was followed by an increase in blood loss, more pronounced in mefenamic acid group who reverted to pre-treatment levels. A greater number of side-effects were reported with mefenamic acid.

Adolescent↗