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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Higher prevalence of childhood sexual abuse among Latino men who have sex with men than non-Latino men who have sex with men: data from the Urban Men's Health Study.

OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of childhood sexual abuse among Latino adult men who have sex with men who live in the US was estimated because a history of childhood sexual abuse increases HIV sexual risk behaviors and other negative health outcomes in adulthood. METHOD: The Urban Men's Health Study is a random-digit telephone probability survey of 2881 adult men who have sex with men (MSM) aged 18 years or older residing in San Francisco, New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago. Self-reported history of childhood sexual abuse was the main outcome measure gathered from 2692 MSM. RESULTS: A significantly higher proportion of Latino MSM reported sexual abuse before age 13 (22%) than did non-Latino MSM (11%). CONCLUSIONS: Latino MSM are twice as likely to report a history of childhood sexual abuse than are non-Latino MSM. Given the association between childhood sexual abuse and increased risk for HIV and other negative health outcomes, health providers must remain vigilant to the possibility of childhood sexual abuse histories among their Latino patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Prevention with HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men: lessons from the Seropositive Urban Men's Study (SUMS) and the Seropositive Urban Men's Intervention Trial (SUMIT).

SUMMARY: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, and HIV-seropositive (HIV-positive) MSM are an especially important group for prevention efforts. This article describes findings from the Seropositive Urban Men's Study (SUMS, N = 456) and the Seropositive Urban Men's Intervention Trial (SUMIT, N = 1168). These studies were conducted from 1996 to 2002 with racially diverse samples from New York and San Francisco. Patterns of sexual behavior often reflected an understanding of the relative risks of specific sexual practices and were generally consistent with harm reduction strategies to reduce the risk of HIV transmission to uninfected partners. Some men, however, continued to engage in behaviors that placed themselves and their partners at risk for exposure to HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Correlates of unprotected sex included self-efficacy, personal responsibility, substance use, mental health, and contextual influences. Disclosure of HIV status was a difficult issue for many HIV-positive MSM. Most participants had disclosed to their main partner, but they disclosed to less than half of their non-main partners before first sex. The interest of HIV-positive MSM in prevention efforts, the design of the SUMIT intervention trial, and implications for future research and programmatic efforts are discussed.

HIV Infections↗
PubMed1996

The Young Men's Survey: methods for estimating HIV seroprevalence and risk factors among young men who have sex with men.

Traditional sampling methods are unsuitable for determining the levels of human immunodeficiency virus type I infection and related behavioral risk factors among young men who have sex with men. Most surveys of this hard-to-reach population have used nonprobability samples of young men in clinical or public settings. While these studies have revealed high rates of HIV infection and risk behaviors, their findings are not generalizable to broader populations of young men who have sex with men. To better understand the epidemiology of HIV within this population, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in collaboration with state and local health departments, has developed a venue-based probability survey of young men who have sex with men. Conducted in seven metropolitan areas in the United States, the Young Men's Survey combines outreach techniques with standard methods of sample surveys to enumerate, sample, and estimate prevalence outcomes of a population of young men who frequent public venues and who have sex with other men. Venues where young men who have sex with men are sampled include dance clubs, bars, and street locations. At sampled venues, young men are enumerated, consecutively approached, and offered enrollment if they are determined eligible. Young men who agree to participate in the Young Men's Survey are interviewed, counseled, and tested for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B, and syphilis in vans parked near sampled venues. The Young Men's Survey provides data on the locations and times at which demographic and behavioral subgroups of young men who have sex with men may be targeted for prevention activities. Behaviors and psychosocial factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection can be used to design culturally relevant and age-specific prevention activities for young men who have sex with men.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Risk of HIV infection attributable to oral sex among men who have sex with men and in the population of men who have sex with men.

We examined HIV infection and estimated the population-attributable risk percentage (PAR%) for HIV associated fellatio among men who have sex with other men (MSM). Among 239 MSM who practised exclusively fellatio in the past 6 months, 50% had three partners, 98% unprotected; and 28% had an HIV-positive partner; no HIV was detected. PAR%, based on the number of fellatio partners, ranges from 0.10% for one partner to 0.31% for three partners. The risk of HIV attributable to fellatio is extremely low.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Characteristics of men who have sex with men on the internet but identify as heterosexual, compared with heterosexually identified men who have sex with women.

We compared men who have sex with other men on the Internet with the remainder of the sample of men who reported only sex with women on the Internet, in a sample of 1,846 Swedish men recruited from a major Swedish portal. We report on the self-identified heterosexual men in the sample who reported engaging in cybersex in the past year, and for whom there was complete data on sexual identity and the gender of cybersexual partners. Of the 244 cases with full data, 76% were heterosexual in both identity and behavior, 16% were gay or bisexual in identity and reported both male and female cybersexual contacts on the Internet, and 8% indicated their sexual preference was heterosexual but also reported at least one male sexual partner on the Internet. Thus, 11% of self-identified heterosexual men had sex with other men online. Comparing the two groups, the men who had sex with men (MSM) who did not identify (MSM-NI) spent significantly more time per week online, although a similar amount of time on sexual pursuits, as the heterosexual men. The MSM-NI were significantly more likely to agree that their online sexuality had affected their sexuality in a positive way, to have bought sex from prostitutes, to agree that they do things online that they would not do offline, have cybersex more often, use a web-camera and microphone more often, flirt and visit contact sites more often, and agree more often that sexual thoughts and behaviors are causing problems, desire to have sex creates problems, and sometimes fail to meet commitments due to their sexual behavior. These data taken together suggest that MSM-NI online are not uncommon and are characterized by the extent of their cybersexual involvement that sometimes extends to other men. Such men may rationalize this cybersex with other men as not, or minimally, sexual in much the same way as Humphreys characterized MSMs in public restrooms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Distress and depression in men who have sex with men: the Urban Men's Health Study.

OBJECTIVE: This study estimates the prevalence of depression and describes the correlates and independent associations of distress and depression among U.S. men who have sex with men. METHOD: A household-based probability sample of men who have sex with men (N=2,881) was interviewed between 1996 and 1998 in four large American cities. With cutoff points of 15 and 22 for the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, individual correlates and predictors of distress and depression were examined, and multinomial logistic regression was performed. RESULTS: The 7-day prevalence of depression in men who have sex with men was 17.2%, higher than in adult U.S. men in general. Both distress and depression were associated with lack of a domestic partner; not identifying as gay, queer, or homosexual; experiencing multiple episodes of antigay violence in the previous 5 years; and very high levels of community alienation. Distress was also associated with being of other than Asian/Pacific Islander ethnicity and experiencing early antigay harassment. Depression was also associated with histories of attempted suicide, child abuse, and recent sexual dysfunction. Being HIV positive was correlated with distress and depression but not significantly when demographic characteristics, developmental history, substance use, sexual behavior, and current social context were controlled by logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of distress and depression are high in men who have sex with men. These high rates have important public health ramifications. The predictors of distress and depression suggest prevention efforts that might be effective when aimed at men who have sex with men.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ventricular arrhythmias during exercise testing, jogging, and sedentary life: a comparative study of healthy physically active men, healthy sedentary men, and men with previous myocardial infarction.

The occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias during exercise testing, jogging, and sedentary life with and without preceding exercise was studied with the aid of ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring in healthy physically active men, healthy sedentary men, and men with previous myocardial infarction (15 men in each group). Ventricular premature beats of the same grade were found during exercise testing and jogging in ten of the 15 healthy physically active men, in ten of the 15 healthy sedentary men, and in eight of the 15 men with previous myocardial infarction. When unifocal ventricular premature beats were omitted, the corresponding figures were 14/15, 11/15, and 15/15, respectively. Healthy physically active men had less ventricular arrhythmias in all of the tested situations. The greatest number and also the highest grades of ventricular arrhythmias during the exercises were found in healthy sedentary men, whereas the men with previous myocardial infarction had ventricular arrhythmias more during sedentary life.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Mutation analysis of the RET proto-oncogene in Dutch families with MEN 2A, MEN 2B and FMTC: two novel mutations and one de novo mutation for MEN 2A.

Hereditary C-cell carcinoma is encountered in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A), MEN 2B, and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC). Mutations of the RET proto-oncogene are associated with all three diseases. To obtain an insight into the molecular heterogeneity of MEN 2 syndromes and FMTC in the Netherlands, probands of 20 MEN 2A families, two FMTC families, and seven MEN 2B families were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, and restriction enzyme digestion for abnormalities in the RET proto-oncogene. RET mutations were found in all cases. All MEN 2A families had a mutation involving one of five cysteine codons in exons 10 and 11 of RET. Two novel dinucleotide mutations and a de novo mutation were found. Both FMTC families had a mutation of the Cys at codon 618. All MEN 2B probands carried a Met to Thr mutation in exon 16. All mutations could be confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion of PCR amplicons. Identification of the RET mutation in the Dutch population with hereditary C-cell carcinoma facilitates genetic testing for families or individuals at risk for MEN 2A, FMTC, and MEN 2B.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2006

Prostate specific antigen remains an independent predictor of cancer at prostate biopsy in black american men but not in white men: results from a consecutive series of 914 men.

PURPOSE: Black American men may be at increased risk for prostate cancer but differences in prebiopsy parameters between black and white men have not been fully examined. Therefore, we identified the prebiopsy parameters that may be predictive of prostate cancer in black and white men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2000 to July 2004, 914 consecutive men undergoing prostate needle biopsy were prospectively examined by a single urologist. Urinary symptoms were measured by AUASS. Prebiopsy parameters recorded were PSA, free PSA, DRE, age, race, biopsy history, prostate volume, TRUS lesion and AUASS. RESULTS: Prostate biopsy was performed in 914 men with a mean age of 63.9 years. Mean PSA in the entire cohort was 11.2 ng/ml (median 5.8). Abnormal TRUS and abnormal DRE were found in 37% and 52% of men, respectively. Mean AUASS was 9.6. The overall positive biopsy rate was 37%. In black and white men the positive biopsy rate was 44% and 34%, respectively. Analysis of AUASS indicated that 47% of patients had low symptom scores (less than 7), 39% had moderate scores (8 to 19) and 14% had severe scores (20 to 35). Multivariate analysis revealed that PSA was an independent predictor of positive biopsy in black but not in white men (p = 0.001 and 0.79, respectively). Multivariate analysis also showed that race alone was an independent predictor of positive prostate biopsy (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: PSA remains an independent predictor of positive prostate biopsy on multivariate analysis. Other independent predictors are black race, age, low AUASS, prostate volume, abnormal DRE, no previous biopsy and abnormal TRUS. In the black group low AUASS, PSA, no previous biopsy and DRE were unique independent predictors, while in the white group age and abnormal TRUS were unique predictors.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

HIV prevalence and associated risks in young men who have sex with men. Young Men's Survey Study Group.

CONTEXT: Studies conducted in the late 1980s on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among older men who have sex with men (MSM) suggested the epidemic had peaked; however, more recent studies in younger MSM have suggested continued high HIV incidence. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current state of the HIV epidemic among adolescent and young adult MSM in the United States by assessing the prevalence of HIV infection and associated risks in this population in metropolitan areas. DESIGN: The Young Men's Survey, a cross-sectional, multisite, venue-based survey conducted from 1994 through 1998. SETTING: One hundred ninety-four public venues frequented by young MSM in Baltimore, Md; Dallas, Tex; Los Angeles, Calif; Miami, Fla; New York, NY; the San Francisco (Calif) Bay Area; and Seattle, Wash. SUBJECTS: A total of 3492 15- to 22-year-old MSM who consented to an interview and HIV testing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of HIV infection and associated characteristics and risk behaviors. RESULTS: Prevalence of HIV infection was high (overall, 7.2%; range for the 7 areas, 2.2%-12. 1%) and increased with age, from 0% among 15-year-olds to 9.7% among 22-year-olds. Multivariate-adjusted HIV infection prevalence was higher among blacks (odds ratio [OR], 6.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.1-9.8), young men of mixed or other race (OR, 4.8; 95% CI, 3. 0-7.6), and Hispanics (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.5-3.4), compared with whites (referent) and Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (OR, 1. 1; 95% CI, 0.5-2.8). Factors most strongly associated with HIV infection were being black, mixed, or other race; having ever had anal sex with a man (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.8-13.8); or having had sex with 20 or more men (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 2.0-4.7). Only 46 (18%) of the 249 HIV-positive men knew they were infected before this testing; 37 (15%) were receiving medical care for HIV, and 19 (8%) were receiving medical drug therapy for HIV. Prevalence of unprotected anal sex during the past 6 months was high (overall, 41%; range, 33%-49%). CONCLUSIONS: Among these young MSM, HIV prevalence was high, underscoring the need to evaluate and intensify prevention efforts for young MSM, particularly blacks, men of mixed race or ethnicity, Hispanics, and adolescents. JAMA. 2000;284:198-204

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed2001

Understanding childhood sexual abuse as a predictor of sexual risk-taking among men who have sex with men: The Urban Men's Health Study.

OBJECTIVE: The prevalence and characteristics of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among men who have sex with men (MSM), and links with sexual risk are explored. A model linking CSA and sexual risk among MSM is proposed. METHOD: A telephone probability sample of urban MSM (n = 2881) was recruited and interviewed between November 1996 and February 1998. The interview covered numerous health issues, including history of sexual victimization. RESULTS: One-fifth reported CSA, primarily by non-family perpetrators. Initial CSA experiences are characterized by high levels of force (43% involved physical force/weapons), and penetrative sex (78%; 46% reported attempted or actual anal intercourse). Such men are more likely than nevercoerced men to engage in high risk sex (unprotected anal intercourse with a non-primary partner or with a serodiscordant male). In multivariate analyses, the effect of childhood sexual coercion on sexual risk is mediated by substance use, patterns of sexual contacts, and partner violence, but not by adult sexual revictimization or by depression. CONCLUSIONS: Findings are interpreted within the context of social learning theory and prior research on sexual risk-taking. The high risk for CSA among MSM, which can predispose such men to patterns of HIV sexual risk, warrants new approaches in HIV prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

High levels of unprotected sex with men and women among men who have sex with men: a potential bridge of HIV transmission in Beijing, China.

China is experiencing an emerging HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM). We investigated sexual risk, risk perception, HIV and condom knowledge, and utilization of prevention services in the first large sample of MSM recruited in Beijing. Four hundred eighty-two MSM were sampled from September 2001 to January 2002. Forty-nine percent of participants reported unprotected anal intercourse with men during the previous 6 months. However, only 15% perceived they are at risk for HIV and many had misconceptions about HIV transmission routes and limited knowledge about condoms. Less than one quarter obtained free condoms (24%) and condom lubricants (19%) in the past 2 years. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that unprotected insertive anal intercourse was associated with not having a Beijing residence card, having six or more male sexual partners, not having sex with women, having a lifetime history of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and having never tested for HIV. Unprotected receptive anal intercourse was independently associated with having six or more male sexual partners, not having sex with women, having a lifetime history of STDs, having never tested for HIV, and having less exposure to HIV prevention services. In addition, 28% reported having sex with both men and women during the previous 6 months, and 11% had unprotected intercourse with both men and women. This finding suggests that MSM are a potential bridge of HIV transmission to heterosexual women (or vice versa) and that addressing the HIV prevention needs of MSM may benefit the wider population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Men sex workers and other men who have sex with men: how do their HIV risks compare in New Zealand?

Sex workers have their perspective on HIV transmission, claiming that in general they are more similar than different from other people in HIV status and the practice of safe sex. Such an assertion of similarity goes against public and professional opinion that prostitution is a major vector in the spread of AIDS. Taking the sex workers' similarity claim seriously, this paper considers the conditions under which it would be valid. We focus on those factors that make a population more or less vulnerable to HIV and how they affect its spread into the sex work population. Data from New Zealand comparing men sex workers and other men who have sex with men is used to evaluate these ideas. Data partially support the hypothesis in that these two groups of men are similar with regard to their HIV status. We do find the sex workers to be different, however, in their being less likely to engage in safe sex practices. We provide an explanation for why this has not lead to their having a higher rate of seropositivity.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Alcohol use, drug use and alcohol-related problems among men who have sex with men: the Urban Men's Health Study.

AIMS: To measure the prevalence and independent associations of heavy and problematic use of alcohol and recreational drugs among a household-based sample of urban MSM (men who have sex with men). DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS: Men who identified as being gay or bisexual or who reported sex with another man in the prior 5 years were included in this analysis (n = 2172). SETTING: A probability telephone sample of MSM was taken within Zip Codes of four large American cities (Chicago, Los Angeles, New York and San Francisco) estimated to have total concentrations of at least 4% of all households with one resident MSM. MEASUREMENTS: Standard measures of alcohol use, problems associated with alcohol use, and recreational drug use were administered by trained telephone interviewers. FINDINGS: Both recreational drug (52%) and alcohol use (85%) were highly prevalent among urban MSM, while current levels of multiple drug use (18%), three or more alcohol-related problems (12%), frequent drug use (19%) and heavy-frequent alcohol use (8%) were not uncommon. The associations of heavy and/or problematic substance use are complex, with independent multivariate associations found at the levels of demographics, adverse early life circumstances, current mental health status, social and sexual practices and connection to gay male culture. CONCLUSIONS: The complex pattern of associations with heavy and/or problematic substance use among urban MSM suggests that heavy and/or problematic substance use is grounded in multiple levels: the individual, the interpersonal and the socio-cultural.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Sexual problems in men with prostate cancer in comparison with men with benign prostatic hyperplasia and men from the general population.

In a questionnaire study, men with prostate cancer (n = 155) or benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 131) identified more sexual problems than did men from the general population (n = 129). Sexual dysfunction was acknowledged regarding sexual pleasure and attraction, erectile function and sexual satisfaction and sexual performance. Lowered rates of sexual desire, pleasure and attraction were found when comparing their situation in recollection of pre-treatment situation to the current situation. Lower intercourse frequency and sexual satisfaction were also found. Medication, masturbation and artificial aids to achieve erection were not used as substitutes for shortcomings of erectile function either by men with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia nor by their partners. There seemed to be a lack of information about the illness and treatment consequences for sexual life, including what physical dysfunction to expect after surgery and also what possible help to expect to compensate for the shortcomings.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

A review of the HIV-related sexual behaviour of gay men and men who have sex with men.

In the last decade studies have identified a myriad of factors associated with continued risky sex in gay men and men who have sex with men. More recently the phenomenon of 'relapse' has been identified among this population. The results of such studies have been fed into the ongoing development of strategies to prevent HIV transmission. This paper critically examines this research--most of which is quantitative--and argues that the usefulness of the research is limited. Because of methodological problems, the evidence is contradictory and indeed, comparison across studies is almost impossible. An examination of the concept of 'relapse' illustrates the problems of relying on quantitative research which, in the main, removes individuals from their social context. The paper concludes that more qualitative research is required to locate individuals within their social milieu and to better understand them as individuals interacting with others and involved in an ongoing decision-making process about sexual pleasure and risk.

Bisexuality↗