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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Methisazone therapy in pediatric vaccinia complications.

Methisazone 40 mg/kg/day was administered orally to six pediatric and one adult patient who contracted vesicular complications affecting the skin or mucocutaneous junctions 3 to 9 days after antismallpox vaccination, and to one elderly man with myeloid leukemia who developed vaccinia necrosum. Therapy was commenced 2 to 10 days after onset of complications and was administered for 3 days. All patients with skin or mucocutaneous complications showed dramatic clinical responses within one day after commencement of antiviral chemotherapy, and complete recovery occurred within one week. Clinical improvement was noted 4 days after therapy was begun in the case of vaccinia necrosum, and recovery occurred after 3 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Antiviral agents: action and clinical use.

The development of antiviral agents has been hindered by a variety of problems. There are fundamental biological differences between viruses and other infectious agents. Viruses are strictly dependent on cellular metabolic processes and possess very limited intrinsic enzyme systems and building blocks which may serve as targets for drugs. Antiviral drugs must also possess the ability to enter the host cell. Viral replication consists of a series of events, each of which can be interfered with, leading to interruption of the viral replication cycle. Currently, the major antiviral agents in therapeutic use are amantadine, idoxuridine and vidarabine. Methisazone and isoprinosine are also used in some areas. Immunoglobulins have some antiviral activity. Immune serum globulin and high titred hepatitis B immune globulin have both been used in prophylaxis of viral hepatitis. However, studies in this area have not been well controlled and results in some areas are conflicting. Interferon appears to be the most exciting antiviral agent yet discovered. However, its potential is limited by its availability, which remains dependent on biological method. Significant progress has been made recently, though, which may lead to the chemical synthesis of interferon and thus to an antiviral agent active against many viruses.

Amantadine↗
PubMed1977

Antiviral agents.

Only a few agents with antiviral activity are available for regular clinical use. Amantadine hydrochloride is effective in the prophylaxis of influenza A2. Idoxuridine and adenine arabinoside have found application as topical agents in the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis. Adenine arabinoside is also under investigation in the treatment of disseminated infections due to herpes zoster and herpes simplex. Ribavirin, an agent with a wide spectrum of activity in vitro, has not fulfilled expectations in clinical trials. Because of the near eradication of smallpox, methisazone has become less important as a prophylactic agent in smallpox.

Amantadine↗
PubMed1976

Computer-based approach to chelation therapy: a theoretical study of some chelating agents for the selective removal of toxic metal ions from plasma.

COMICS is a computer programme for calculating equilibrium concentrations of metal complexes and reactive species in multi-metal-multi-ligand systems. Its usefulness for analysing metal ion equilibria in blood plasma has been improved by including albumin as a ligand. Using this model system the distribution and removal of copper(II) and zinc ions in histidinaemia, lead poisoning and Wilson's disease have been examined. The efficacy of TRIEN in removing excess copper(II) is shown. The use of specific tripeptides such as Gly-Gly-His methyl ester for the selective removal of copper(II) is suggested. A possible chemoprophylaxis of influenza based on complexation of zinc is discussed. Calculations confirm that thiosemicarbazones such as methisazone and 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazone are effective competitors for heavy metal ions under physiological conditions.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1975

[Research on substances with antiviral activity. II. Derivatives of N-substituted 2-chloro-3-formylindoles].

Thiosemicarbazones and amidinohydrazones of N-substituted 2-chloroindole-3-aldehydes were synthesized and investigated for antiviral activity against RNA virus (parainfluenza type 3, HA-I/CR-8 stock) and DNA virus (vaccinia virus, HID stock). The thiosemicarbazones of 1-(o,m,p,-chlorobenzoyl)-2-chloroindole-3-aldehydes were more active than methisazone against vaccinia virus.

Amidines↗
PubMed1977

[Research on substances with antiviral activity. VII. Activity and lipophilic of property N-alkyl-2-chloro-3-formylindole thiosemicarbazone].

Thiosemicarbazones of N-alkyl-2-chloroindole-3-carboxaldehydes were synthesized and investigated for antiviral activity against RNA virus (parainfluenza type 3, HA-I/CR-8 stock) and DNA virus (vaccinia virus, HID stock). The effect of lipophilicity on the activity against vaccinia virus was considered. Relative lipophilicities were measured by a reversed phase thin-layer chromatographic technique. The most active compound N-isopropyl-2-chloroindole-3-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone appeared comparable for its activity to methisazone.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1977

Viral chemotherapy.

New antiviral compounds are being tested constantly and may be of considerable value with increasing availability. More than 200 analogues of purines and pyrimidines have been found to inhibit DNA and RNA viruses. Adenine arabinoside is most effective against disseminated herpes simplex virus and disseminated herpes zoster. Idoxuridine is useful in treatment of herpetic keratitis. Interferon still is in the experimental stage, and, because of its short half-life and high cost, it probably will not be released in the near future. Amantadine appears to be useful in prevention of A2 influenza, but its value against swine flu has not been established. Methisazone is effective in prevention of smallpox and in the treatment of complications of vaccinia.

Adult↗