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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Metschnikowia sinensis sp. nov., Metschnikowia zizyphicola sp. nov. and Metschnikowia shanxiensis sp. nov., novel yeast species from jujube fruit.

Eight yeast strains were isolated from jujube fruit surfaces collected in Shanxi and Shandong Provinces, China. All eight strains produced needle-shaped ascospores under suitable conditions. Three separate groups, representing three novel species in the genus Metschnikowia, were recognized by sequence comparisons of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The names Metschnikowia sinensis sp. nov. (type strain XY103(T)=AS 2.3110(T)=CBS 10357(T)), Metschnikowia zizyphicola sp. nov. (type strain XY201(T)=AS 2.3111(T)=CBS 10358(T)) and Metschnikowia shanxiensis sp. nov. (type strain XY801(T)=AS 2.3112(T)=CBS 10359(T)) are proposed for the three novel species. Phylogenetic analysis of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain sequence showed that these three novel species are clustered in a clade together with the previously described species Metschnikowia fructicola, Metschnikowia andauensis, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Metschnikowia chrysoperlae.

China↗

PubMed2005

Metschnikowia hamakuensis sp. nov., Metschnikowia kamakouana sp. nov. and Metschnikowia mauinuiana sp. nov., three endemic yeasts from Hawaiian nitidulid beetles.

Three heterothallic, haplontic yeast species, Metschnikowia hamakuensis, Metschnikowia kamakouana and Metschnikowia mauinuiana, are described from isolates associated with endemic nitidulid beetles living on various endemic plants on three Hawaiian islands. As morphospecies, they are similar to Metschnikowia hawaiiensis, but based on mating compatibility and ascospore formation, they can be assigned clearly to distinct biological species. Analysis of ITS/5.8S and D1/D2 large subunit rDNA sequences shows that, with M. hawaiiensis and two other isolates, these species form a distinct subclade within the large-spored Metschnikowia species, indicating that they are Hawaiian endemics. Type cultures are: M. hamakuensis, UWOPS 04-207.1(T) = CBS 10056(T) = NRRL Y-27834(T) (type, h(+)) and UWOPS 04-204.1 = CBS 10055 = NRRL Y-27833 (allotype, h(-)); M. kamakouana, UWOPS 04-112.5(T) = CBS 10058(T) = NRRL Y-27836(T) (type, h(+)) and UWOPS 04-109.1 = CBS 10057 = NRRL Y-27835 (allotype, h(-)); and M. mauinuiana, UWOPS 04-190.1(T) = CBS 10060(T) = NRRL Y-27838(T) (type, h(+)) and UWOPS 04-110.4 = CBS 10059 = NRRL Y-27837 (allotype, h(-)).

Animals↗

PubMed1985

DNA relatedness among aquatic yeasts of the genus Metschnikowia and proposal of the species Metschnikowia australis comb. nov.

DNA hybridization studies were conducted to determine the taxonomic status of the aquatic group of Metschnikowia species and their varieties. Among the DNAs of the four varieties of Metschnikowia bicuspidata, that of Metschnikowia bicuspidata var. australis showed 37 to 51% relative binding with the DNAs of Metschnikowia bicuspidata var. bicuspidata and of the varieties chathamia and californica. On this basis, low intervarietal fertility, and unique habitat in antarctic seawater, we have proposed to raise M. bicuspidata var. australis to the rank of species, Metschnikowia australis, comb. nov. DNA complementarity of Metschnikowia bicuspidata var. californica and Metschnikowia bicuspidata var. chathamia DNA was greater than 80% with that of M. bicuspidata var. bicuspidata. Metschnikowia australis can be differentiated from other Metschnikowia species and varieties by its inability to form chlamydospores, the formation of two needle-shaped ascospores per ascus, lack of glucose fermentation, and lack of assimilation of both methyl-alpha-D-glucoside and glucono-delta-lactone. Other DNA-DNA reassociation experiments showed that Metschnikowia zobellii is a distinct species when compared with both aquatic and terrestrial species of the genus.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Metschnikowia lochheadii and Metschnikowia drosophilae, two new yeast species isolated from insects associated with flowers.

Two new haplontic heterothallic species of Metschnikowia were isolated from floricolous insects and flowers. Metschnikowia lochheadii was recovered from insects found in various flowers on the Hawaiian Islands of Kauai and Maui, and from Conotelus sp. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in northwestern Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. The morphology, physiology, and sexual cycle are typical of the large-spored Metschnikowia species, and the partial ribosomal DNA large subunit (D1D2) sequences suggest that the new species is most closely related to Candida ipomoeae. Metschnikowia lochheadii is nearly indistinguishable from its ascogenous relatives and conjugates freely with Metschnikowia continentalis, forming sterile asci. It also exhibits asymmetric mating with Metschnikowia hawaiiensis. Metschnikowia drosophilae was found in morning glory (Ipomoea sp.) flowers and associated Drosophila bromeliae on Grand Cayman Island. Its nutritional profile is atypical of the genus, being the only species that does not utilize sucrose or maltose as carbon sources, and one of the few that does not utilize melezitose. D1D2 sequences show that Metschnikowia drosophilae is a sister species to Candida torresii, to which it bears considerable similarity in nutritional profile. The type cultures are: Metschnikowia lochheadii, strains UWO(PS)00-133.2 = CBS 8807 (h+, holotype) UWO(PS)99-661.1 = CBS 8808 (h-, isotype); and Metschnikowia drosophilae, strains UWO(PS)83-1135.3 = CBS 8809 (h+, holotype) and UWO(PS)83-1143.1 = CBS 8810 (h-, isotype).

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Speciation in the large-spored Metschnikowia clade and establishment of a new species, Metschnikowia borealis comb. nov.

The reproductive boundaries among species in the large-spored Metschnikowia clade were studied by prototrophic recombinant selection, electrophoretic karyotyping, mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis, and DNA sequence analysis. Inviable ascospores arose from crosses between the two varieties of Metschnikowia continentalis, indicating that they should be recognized as separate species. Prototrophic recombinants were recovered from crosses between auxotrophic mutants of Metschnikowia borealis, M. continentalis, Metschnikowia lochheadii, Metschnikowia sp. UWO(PS)00-154.1, and Candida ipomoeae, showing that some genetic exchange is possible in spite of the sterility of the asci formed in interspecific crosses. Metschnikowia hawaiiensis, although capable of ascus formation when its h(-) mating type is crossed with the h(+) mating type of the other species, did not give rise to recombinants. In the other species, some recombinants acquired the ability to form asci directly from single cells. These often contained the chromosomes of both parents, suggesting formation of allodiploid hybrids. Other recombinants behaved as haploids and were similar to one parent except for having inherited the selectable wild-type allele from the other parent. In most, but not all cases, inheritance of the mitochondrial genome was uniparental and correlated with the inheritance of the nuclear chromosome complement. In some cases, what appeared to be a recombinant mitochondrial genome was observed. Phylogenies derived from the sequences of various DNA regions were not congruent, indicating that hybridization may have taken place in nature as the large-spored species diverged from their common ancestor. Further evidence that C. ipomoeae arose from a natural recombination event was obtained, but a pair of Metschnikowia species that might represent derived forms of the parents could not be identified conclusively. C. ipomoeae and most of its closely related Metschnikowia species contained a group-II intron in the mitochondrial small-subunit ribosomal gene. The intron was absent in M. borealis, M. hawaiiensis, and other species in the genus Metschnikowia.

Candida↗

PubMed2003

Metschnikowia vanudenii sp. nov. and Metschnikowia lachancei sp. nov., from flowers and associated insects in North America.

Two new species of the ascosporic yeast genus Metschnikowia were isolated from nectaries and associated muscoid flies of flowers from the common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) in North America, and are described as Metschnikowia vanudenii [type strain=PYCC 4650(T)=CBS 9134(T)=NRRL Y-27243(T)=UWO(PS) 86A4.1(T)] and Metschnikowia lachancei [type strain=PYCC 4605(T)=CBS 9131(T)=NRRL Y-27242(T)=UWO(PS) 7ASB2.3(T)]. As with the previously described Metschnikowia gruessii, M. vanudenii has vegetative cells with an 'aeroplane' or cross-like configuration, produces ovoid chlamydospores and forms ellipsoidopedunculate asci with two acicular ascospores. Metschnikowia lachancei is distinguished from other Metschnikowia species by formation of club-shaped asci with 1-2 thick clavate ascospores. The phylogenetic positions of the proposed new species within Metschnikowia were determined from sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA. The new species show low nuclear DNA relatedness with neighbouring taxa.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Metschnikowia arizonensis and Metschnikowia dekortorum, two new large-spored yeast species associated with floricolous beetles.

Two new haplontic heterothallic species of Metschnikowia were discovered in flowers and associated beetles. Metschnikowia arizonensis was recovered from flowers of cholla cactus (Opuntia echinocarpa) and a specimen of Carpophilus sp. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) found in these flowers, in Arizona. Metschnikowia dekortorum was isolated in specimens of the nitidulid beetle Conotelus sp. captured in flowers of two species of Ipomoea in northwestern Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. The sexual cycle of these yeasts is typical of the large-spored Metschnikowia species, but the asci and spores are intermediate in size between these and other members of the genus. The physiology is consistent with that of most Metschnikowia species except that both species fail to utilize lysine as sole nitrogen source. Also, M. arizonensis utilizes fewer carbon compounds than most species and exhibits considerable variability among strains at this level. Partial ribosomal DNA large-subunit (D1/D2) sequences suggest that M. arizonensis and M. dekortorum are moderately related sister species whose positions are intermediate between the large-spored species Metschnikowia and Metschnikowia hibisci. The type cultures are: M. arizonensis, strains UWO(PS)99-103.3.1=CBS 9064=NRRL Y-27427 (h(+), holotype) and UWO(PS)99-103.4=CBS 9065=NRRL Y-27428 (h(-), isotype); and M. dekortorum, strains UWO(PS)01-142b3=CBS 9063=NRRL Y-27429 (h(+), holotype) and UWO(PS)01-138a3=CBS 9062=NRRL Y-27430 (h(-), isotype).

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Metschnikowia noctiluminum sp. nov., Metschnikowia corniflorae sp. nov., and Candida chrysomelidarum sp. nov., isolated from green lacewings and beetles.

Fourteen yeast isolates belonging to the Metschnikowia clade were isolated from the digestive tracts of lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), soldier beetles and leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Cantharidae and Chrysomelidae), and a caddisfly (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). The insect hosts were associated with sugary substances of plants, a typical habitat for yeasts in this clade. Based on DNA sequence comparisons and phenetic characters, the yeasts were identified as Candida picachoensis, Candida pimensis, and four undescribed taxa. Among the undescribed taxa, three yeasts were distinguished from one another and from other described taxa by nucleotide differences in the ribosomal DNA repeat, which were sufficient to consider them as new species. Two of the novel yeast species are described as Metschnikowia noctiluminum (NRRL Y-27753(T)) and M. cornifloraespp. nov. (NRRL Y-27750(T)) based in part on production of needle-shaped ascospores, which are found in most Metschnikowia species. Sexual reproduction was not observed in the third new yeast, Candida chrysomelidarumsp. nov. (NRRL Y-27749(T)). A fourth isolate, NRRL Y-27752, was not significantly distinct from Metschnikowia viticola and Candida kofuensis to be described as a new species. Phylogenetic analysis of the D1/D2 loop sequences placed M. noctiluminum within the M. viticola clade, while C. chrysomelidarum was a sister taxon of Candida rancensis. Metschnikowia corniflorae was phylogenetically distinct from other new species and fell outside of the large-spored Metschnikowia group.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

A new subclade of haplontic Metschnikowia species associated with insects of morning glory flowers in Africa and description of Metschnikowia aberdeeniae sp. nov.

The novel species Metschnikowia aberdeeniae is described to accommodate five isolates recovered from insects of morning glory flowers in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. On the basis of rDNA ITS and D1/D2 large-subunit sequences, these yeasts form, together with six other isolates, a novel subclade of large-spored Metschnikowia species. The exact position of the subclade within the Metschnikowiaceae cannot be determined with any confidence from these sequences or from small-subunit rDNA sequences, as the variable sites of the sequences are excessively divergent. However, in morphological and physiological terms, the novel isolates are typical of the genus Metschnikowia in general and of the large-spored group in particular. The type strain of Metschnikowia aberdeeniae sp. nov. is strain SUB 05-213.1T (=CBS 10289T=NRRL Y-27921T) (h-) and the allotype is strain SUB 05-213.2 (=CBS 10290=NRRL Y-27922) (h+).

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Analysis of yeast isolates related to Metschnikowia pulcherrima using the partial sequences of the large subunit rDNA and the actin gene; description of Metschnikowia andauensis sp. nov.

Thirty-two yeast isolates were cultured from guts or excrements of three different pests of corn or from the stem of healthy corn. The strains were analyzed using MSP-PCR (micro/minisatellite-primed polymerase chain reaction), sequences of the D1/D2 region of the large subunit rDNA and a 979 bp long part of the actin gene (act-1). They seem to belong to three groups that are all sister groups of Metschnikowia pulcherrima, M. fructicola and M. chrysoperlae. A new species, Metschnikowia andauensis (HA 1657T) is described. In contrast to M. pulcherrima and M. fructicola, M. andauensis is well separated in the act-1 phylogenetic tree too.

Actins↗

PubMed1993

Phylogeny of Metschnikowia species estimated from partial rRNA sequences.

Phylogenetic relationships of species assigned to the genus Metschnikowia were estimated from the extents of divergence among partial sequences of rRNA. The data suggest that the aquatic species (Metschnikowia australis, Metschnikowia bicuspidata, Metschnikowia krissii, and Metschnikowia zobellii) and the terrestrial species (Metschnikowia hawaiiensis, Metschnikowia lunata, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, and Metschnikowia reukaufii) form two groups within the genus. M. lunata and M. hawaiiensis are well separated from other members of the genus, and M. hawaiiensis may be sufficiently divergent that it could be placed in a new genus. Species of the genus Metschnikowia are unique compared with other ascomycetous yeasts because they have a deletion in the large-subunit rRNA sequence that includes nucleotides 434 to 483.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2003

Metschnikowia santaceciliae, Candida hawaiiana, and Candida kipukae, three new yeast species associated with insects of tropical morning glory.

A new haplontic heterothallic species of Metschnikowia and two related asexual yeast species were discovered in morning glory flowers and associated insects. Metschnikowia santaceciliae came from Conotelus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and other insect species associated with flowers of Ipomoea indica (purple morph) in Costa Rica. Candida hawaiiana and Candida kipukae were found in I. indica (syn. I. acuminata) and its insects in Hawai'i, and the former was also isolated in a specimen of Conotelus collected on Merremia tuberosa (Convolvulaceae) in Costa Rica. The three species have nearly identical physiological profiles, typical of the genus Metschnikowia. The sequences of the D1/D2 domains of their large subunit ribosomal DNA confirm that the species belong to the Metschnikowia clade, even though they share a very low degree of inter-relatedness. M. santaceciliae is a sister species to Metschnikowia continentalis. C. kipukae is a basal member of the large-spored Metschnikowia subclade, and C. hawaiiana has a weak affinity to Metschnikowia agaves. Two of the three species appear to be endemic. The type cultures are: Metschnikowia santaceciliae, strains UWO(PS)01-517a1=CBS 9148=NRRL Y-27475 (h(+, holotype) and UWO(PS)01-520a1=CBS 9149=NRRL Y-27476 (h-, isotype); Candida hawaiiana, strain UWO(PS)91-698.3=CBS 9146=NRRL Y-27473; Candida kipukae, strain UWO(PS)00-669.2=CBS 9147=NRRL Y-27474.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Ascospores of large-spored Metschnikowia species are genuine meiotic products of these yeasts.

The asci of Metschnikowia species normally contain two ascospores (never more), raising the question of whether these spores are true meiotic products. We investigated this problem by crossing genetically-marked strains of the haploid, heterothallic taxa Metschnikowia hawaiiensis, Metschnikowia continentalis var. continentalis, and M. continentalis var. borealis. Asci were dissected and the segregation patterns for various phenotypes analyzed. In all cases (n = 47) both mating types (h+ and h-) were recovered in pairs of sister spores, casting further uncertainty as to whether normal meiosis takes place. However, the segregation patterns for cycloheximide resistance and several auxotrophic markers were random, suggesting that normal meiosis indeed occurs. To explain the lack of second-division segregation of mating types, we concluded that crossing-over does not occur between the mating-type locus and the centromere, and that meiosis I is tied to spore formation, which explains why the number of spores is limited to two. The latter assumption was also supported by fluorescence microscopy. The second meiotic division takes place inside the spores and is followed by the resorption of two nuclei, one in each spore.

Crosses, Genetic↗

PubMed1990

Metschnikowia hawaiiensis sp. nov., a heterothallic haploid yeast from Hawaiian morning glory and associated drosophilids.

A new haploid, heterothallic yeast species was isolated repeatedly from morning glory (Ipomoea acuminata) flowers and from two associated drosophilid species, Scaptomyza calliginosa and Drosophila floricola, in a Hawaiian kipuka. Haploid strains of this organism multiply asexually by budding and, under nutrient deprivation, by the formation of long germ tubes that develop into branching true mycelia. Mating compatibility is controlled by two alleles of a single locus. Plasmogamy between compatible strains is followed by the development of very large elongate asci bearing vestiges of the zygotes and the formation in each ascus of two unusually large aciculate ascospores similar to those formed by members of the genus Metschnikowia. Membership in the genus Metschnikowia is supported by the physiological profile of the yeast, which is typical of the genus but not identical to the profile of any previously described species. The name Metschnikowia hawaiiensis is proposed to emphasize the geographic origin of the new species, not its habitat, which has not been determined precisely. The holotype strain of M. hawaiiensis is strain UWO(PS) 87-2167.2 (= ATCC 76059 = CBS 7432), and the isotype strain is strain UWO(PS) 87-2203.2 (= ATCC 76058 = CBS 7433).

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Metschnikowia orientalis sp. nov., an Australasian yeast from nitidulid beetles.

A novel species, Metschnikowia orientalis sp. nov., is described for haploid, heterothallic yeasts isolated from nitidulid beetles sampled in flowers in Rarotonga in the Cook Islands, and the Cameron Highlands of Malaysia. As evidenced by analysis of D1/D2 large subunit rDNA sequences, the species is related to Candida hawaiiana, to which it is similar in growth responses. Cylindrical, conjugated asci and acicular ascospores of moderate size are formed. Rudimentary mating reactions were observed with Metschnikowia aberdeeniae and Metschnikowia continentalis, but not with C. hawaiiana. The type strain of M. orientalis is UWOPS 99-745.6(T) (h(+)) (=CBS 10331(T)=NRRL Y-27991(T)) and the designated allotype is UWOPS 05-269.1 (h(-)) (=CBS 10330=NRRL Y-27992).

Animals↗

PubMed2007

Metschnikowia cerradonensis sp. nov., a yeast species isolated from ephemeral flowers and their nitidulid beetles in Brazil.

A novel yeast species, Metschnikowia cerradonensis sp. nov., is described from 12 strains isolated from flowers of Ipomoea carnea and from beetles of the genus Conotelus in the Cerrado ecosystem in the region of Jalapão, Tocantins State, Brazil. Analysis of the sequences of the rRNA gene cluster suggested that M. cerradonensis is closely related to Metschnikowia santaceciliae, Metschnikowia continentalis and an undescribed species represented by strain UWOPS 00-154.1. These species mate together but ascospores are very rarely formed, showing that they represent distinct biological species. M. cerradonensis is apparently endemic to the Cerrado ecosystem of the Jalapão area. The type strain of M. cerradonensis is UFMG 03-T67.1(T) (h(+)) (=CBS 10409(T)=NRRL Y-48067(T)) and the designated allotype is UFMG 03-T68.1 (h(-)) (=CBS 10410=NRRL Y-48068).

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Candida ipomoeae, a new yeast species related to large-spored Metschnikowia species.

Numerous strains of an unusual asexual yeast species were isolated from flowers of morning glory (Ipomoea spp., Convolvulaceae) and associated drosophilids and sap beetles of the genus Conotelus sampled in Hawaii and in Brazil. The nutritional profile of this yeast is similar to those of Metschnikowia hawaiiensis and Metschnikowia continentalis, which share the same habitats. The cells are large, hydrophobic, and tend to remain attached after budding, causing the colonies on agar media to have a convoluted appearance, reminiscent of popcorn. The sequences of the D1/D2 domain of large subunit rDNAs of strains from three different localities confirmed that a single species is involved, and that it is related to large-spored Metschnikowia species. The type strain is UWO(PS)91-672.1 (CBS 8466).

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2025

Metschnikowia maris comb. nov., a large-spored yeast species endemic to Serra do Mar Atlantic Rainforest biome, Sao Paulo State, Brazil.

Two yeast isolates from passion flowers were sampled in the southern part of the Serra do Mar Atlantic Rainforest in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Barcode sequencing and mating experiments showed them to be representatives of Metschnikowia matae var. maris, thus originally named due to the availability of only a single isolate and uncertainties regarding reproductive isolation. The two new isolates being of the complementary mating type to the previously known strain, intravarietal crosses were performed. They yielded a preponderance of two-spored asci, unlike crosses with M. matae var. matae, which led to largely sterile asci. We therefore elevate the variety maris to the rank of species, with the name Metschnikowia maris comb. nov. The holotype is UFMG-CM-Y397T (MATα). Strain UFMG-CM-Y7613A (MAT a) is designated as allotype. The new combination is registered as MB 859665.

Brazil↗