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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

The body build and composition of Samoan children: relationships to infant feeding patterns and infant weight-for-length status.

The relationships between infant feeding patterns, infant weight status, and subsequent growth are not yet firmly established. This study attempts to address these topics among Samoan children. The study population consists of 1,186 children born between October 1974 and September 1976 who were subsequently seen in the Well Baby Clinic in American Samoa. On the basis of the clinic records the children were categorized into feeding groups (breast vs. bottle) and weight-for-length groups (less than 25th percentile or greater than 75th percentile of National Center for Health Statistics ( NCHS ) standards). A survey of 74 of these children was conducted in 1982. The average age of the children was 6.6 years. Twenty anthropometric measurements were taken and divided into three groups: skeletal, adipose, and mixed. Multiple analysis of variance was used on each of the groups of measurements to assess effects of infant feeding and weight-for-length. This analysis demonstrated significant relationships between infant weight-for-length and childhood skeletal size (heavy infants are larger children); between infant feeding patterns and childhood adiposity (bottle-fed children are fatter); and between both infant patterns and the mixed measurements (heavy and bottle-fed infants are heavier children with larger circumferences). The relationship between infant weight-for-length and skeletal size may be a continuation of infant patterns of high musculoskeletal weight in heavy infants. The relationship between infant feeding and childhood fatness was not affected by family income.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1988

Population movement in post-colonial Fiji: review and speculation.

"This paper examines developments in population movement [in Fiji] between 1970 and 1986 with particular reference to an acceleration in levels of migration overseas by Indians and an exodus of Fijians from rural village communities for towns on Viti Levu and Vanua Levu. Trends in internal and international migration are evaluated at a range of spatial scales--national, regional and local. Some speculation on the effect of political and economic changes since May 1987 on these population movements attempts to provide a contemporary perspective on demographic developments over the last 15 years." Data are from the 1986 Fijian census.

Culture↗
PubMed1990

Differential mortality of Asians and Pacific Islanders in the Pacific labour trade.

"Quantitative evidence is presented on the differential mortality suffered by Indian and Pacific Island labour migrants on Fiji's plantations between 1883 and 1919, and by Japanese, Chinese and Pacific Island labour migrants in the phosphate mines on Ocean Island and Nauru between 1913 and 1940. Pacific Island labour migrants suffered much higher death rates than Asian labour migrants, due, it is suggested, to their much greater vulnerability to newly introduced infectious diseases."

Communicable Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Population forecasts for South Pacific nations using autoregressive models, 1985-2000.

"This paper uses an autoregressive statistical model to forecast population for Fiji, Western Samoa, Tonga, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu and compares these forecasts with those obtained from other methods. The growth rate of population is predicted to continue to fall in Fiji and Tonga, rise a little for Western Samoa, and rise considerably in Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands. The implications of the forecasts for recent government development plans are also discussed."

Demography↗
PubMed1986

Health practices, problems, and needs in a population of Micronesian adolescents.

Saipan, one of many islands of the Pacific Trust Territory, depends on the United States for its medical care. The limited resources on the island have resulted in little medical attention for adolescents. This study surveyed 519 Saipan adolescents to determine their health practices, problems, and needs. Although these teenagers rarely saw physicians, they commonly reported health problems such as headaches, abdominal pain, and dental cavities. In the psychosocial arena, their problems involved parents, girlfriends/boyfriends, school, and suicidal thoughts. The health topics found to be of most interest included sex education, jobs, suicide prevention, drugs, and birth control. The most popular methods for learning about these subjects were books, movies, films, and school classes. There were high reported incidences of drug and alcohol problems among boys, and thoughts about suicide in all respondents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Midwifery education for safe motherhood.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the useability (relevance, clarity and quality of content), applicability (ease of use) and accessibility (structure and form) of a series of new safe motherhood midwifery education modules. DESIGN: Questionnaire survey and focus group discussions, preceded by a two week clinical skills course and an eight day orientation to using the modules. SETTING: Nursing and midwifery education institutions, regional training centres, acute-care hospital facilities and community settings in Ethiopia, Fiji, Lesotho, Mozambique and Nepal. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six teachers, 82 midwives, nurse-midwives and auxiliary nurse-midwives from practice settings, and 60 post basic midwifery students. KEY FINDINGS: Overall it was found that the introductory information and the technical content of the modules were easy to understand and use as were the instructions for both teachers and students. The presentation of the material was orderly and easy to follow; the language was comprehensible; and the illustrations were appropriate, clear and facilitated teaching. The teachers found that they were able to use most of the teaching/learning methods, teach most of the skills in the modules, and use the guidelines for assessing competence. The main difficulties encountered included adherence to the recommended time frame for some of the classroom sessions; the limited availability of clinical cases for teaching the specific skills in the modules and time limitations in the clinical area for practising the skills; and the provision of transport for community visits, data to complete community profiles, and time to complete other planned community activities. The students identified the need for a set of learning materials which they could take with them for future reference, and both teachers and students expressed concern about resources to support, and legislation to cover, the application of the skills taught/learned. KEY CONCLUSIONS: The modules have the potential to strengthen and support the education of midwives in developing countries, enabling them to make motherhood safer and contribute to a reduction in maternal mortality by providing better midwifery care.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

HTLV-1, HIV-1, hepatitis B and hepatitis delta in the Pacific and South-East Asia: a serological survey.

Blood samples from 13 locations in the Pacific and South-East Asia were tested for evidence of infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV). No samples were positive for antibody to HIV-1. Antibodies to HTLV-1 were found in samples from five locations, the maximum prevalence being 19%, in Vanuatu. Serological markers of HBV infection were found in all locations, the maximal prevalence being 88%, in Majuro, Micronesia. Antibodies to HDV in HBsAg positive sera were found in six locations with a maximum prevalence of 81% in Kiribati.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Changing regional demography in the Federated States of Micronesia: contrasting planning challenges in an emerging Pacific nation.

"Island nations consisting of small landmasses separated by large expanses of ocean face particularly severe challenges in their quest for economic and social development. In this paper, planning concerns in one such nation, the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), are examined. The study opens with a description of each of the four separate states in the FSM.... Regional aspects of FSM development are then examined by a statistical analysis of the geographical distribution of population in the individual states.... The study concludes with an assessment of the regional challenge of developing the FSM into an economically and culturally sustainable nation."

Demography↗