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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Perioperative management of paediatric microstomia.

Paediatric microstomia may occur congenitally in the whistling face syndrome but is more often acquired after accidental thermal injuries such as biting an electrical extension cord or ingesting household lye. The surgical correction of microstomia includes separation and cosmetic reconstruction of the fused lips and postoperative oral splinting. Microstomia from lye ingestion may be associated not only with limited mouth opening but also with such severe intraoral scarring that common landmarks guiding either rigid or flexible fibreoptic laryngoscopy are obscured, rendering oral and nasotracheal intubation difficult or impossible. We report a case of paediatric microstomia after lye ingestion in which conventional direct laryngoscopy, flexible fibreoptic laryngoscopy, and multiple blind nasal approaches to tracheal intubation were unsuccessful. However, tracheostomy was avoided and successful tracheal intubation was accomplished using a new rigid tubular pharyngolaryngoscope.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1989

The Vancouver microstomia orthosis.

Eighteen microstomia orthoses are compared with respect to their characteristics, use, and limitations. A new prosthesis, the Vancouver microstomia orthosis, was designed to incorporate the advantages of many of the orthoses and eliminate some drawbacks. Ten adults with microstomia secondary to second- or third-degree circumoral flame burns were fitted with the prosthesis and observed over a 12-month period. In 9 weeks or less, microstomia was corrected with an average gain of 7 mm in the horizontal and 13 mm in the vertical active range of motion. The measures before and after this treatment were statistically significant for increase in both dimensions (paired t-test, p less than .01).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The microstomia prevention appliance: 14 years of clinical experience.

Partial- or full-thickness perioral facial burns may lead to a contracture of the tissues surrounding the oral commissures that results in microstomia. The current investigators have used the microstomia prevention appliance (MPA) exclusively in the management of commissure burns at the University of Iowa Burn Center since 1972. To assess the effectiveness of the MPA, a retrospective chart review was conducted. The study population consisted of 85 patients admitted to the center between 1974 and 1986 who had incurred burns to the perioral region or to the lower two thirds of the face. The chart analysis of 83 patients revealed that, with diligent and persistent use of the MPA, only one patient required surgical repair for the development of microstomia. The MPA has proved effective in decreasing the need for reconstructive procedures and in preventing the occurrence of microstomia.

Burns↗
PubMed1987

Static orthoses for the management of microstomia.

Microstomia is a complication of facial burns, traumatic injuries, scleroderma, or surgical reconstructions involving the oral aperture. A variety of orthoses for the correction or prevention of microstomia are offered by dentists, occupational therapists, physical therapists, and other specialists. This paper provides an overview of the structural and clinical features of 12 common tissue-borne or tooth-borne microstomia appliances. The review is intended to facilitate the selection of suitable orthoses, and to indicate the need for interdisciplinary management of microstomia patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Modified microstomia prevention splint.

The modified microstomia prevention splint (MMPS) was designed to overcome burn microstomia which could not be treated by the use of conventional microstomia prevention appliances. In addition, further modifications eliminated problems of pressure on the oral mucosa. The MMPS is now the preferred splint at the Royal Brisbane Hospital Burns Unit.

Burns↗
PubMed1987

Dynamic orthoses for the management of microstomia.

Oral wounds and burns may result in microstomia with significant management problems. An important early management decision involves the selection of an appliance capable of applying forces that will halt and reverse the condition. A selection appropriate to the patient may be based on the need for teeth suitably placed to retain and position a particular device. Limited access to the patient's mouth because of recent trauma, surgery, wiring, inability to tolerate anesthetic, etc., may further restrict choices. Thus, the process of selection involves a weighing of the specific patient's condition and program of treatment against an understanding of the unique features, including complexity of fabrication and durability, of the range of prostheses available. This article provides an overview of the structural and clinical characteristics of seven dynamic intraoral and extraoral microstomia appliances. The need for interdisciplinary management of microstomia with appliances has been noted, and opportunities for research have been pointed out.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Microstomia following facial burns.

Deep burns to the face and lips often lead to the formation of scar tissue and contracture of the perioral tissues with marked reduction of the ability of the patient to open his mouth. The mouth tends to be turned into a wrinkled, rigid, unyielding structure, resembling the semi-rigid mouth of the fish. Such burns are most frequently caused by electricity or flames, and less frequently by chemical substances. The deformity caused by microstomia is painful both to the patient and to his family. Additionally, there is serious functional loss, it is practically impossible to smile, speech becomes difficult, and the movement of the mandible is limited. In severe cases feeding has to be performed with a straw. Oral hygiene is compromised and access for the administration of dental care is impossible, hence limited to extractions. Techniques to prevent or, if not prevented, surgically correct the resultant microstomia are described, followed by a case report on a pediatric patient, whose microstomia was surgically corrected several years following the injury.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1984

The nonsurgical treatment of microstomia in scleroderma: a pilot study.

A 6-month clinical trial with nine scleroderma patients compared two exercise programs for the nonsurgical treatment of the decreased oral opening ( microstomia ). The experimental group employed three mouth-stretching exercises and a new oral augmentation exercise, using tongue depressors , to obtain a 5.6 mm mean increased vertical oral opening. The controls used six currently recommended "facial grimacing " exercises for a 3.0 mm mean increase. When the controls used the experimental treatment, their mean improvement increased to 5.7 mm. Although surgical correction of microstomia may be warranted, some reversal of this condition may be achieved with the aid of this new nonsurgical exercise program.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMed2006

An alternative treatment for postburn microstomia treatment: composite auricular lobule graft for oral comissure reconstruction.

Microstomia is one of the most distressing results of burn. In this article, two cases presenting with microstomia following burn injury were revealed. In these patients, perioral and commisure defects due to burn were severe. The commissuroplasties were performed with a composite graft harvested and reshaped from the ear lobule. The oral aperture was evaluated before and after the operation and the patients were followed-up for two years. As a result, the opening was nearly normal without the help of a splint. Functional recovery were satisfactory as the incidence of drooling disappeared. Both patients were satisfied with the end results since their quality of life increased significantly.

Burns↗
PubMed2004

Prosthetic rehabilitation for a patient with microstomia: a clinical report.

This clinical report describes the fabrication of a collapsible maxillary removable complete overdenture using a sectional impression tray technique and a custom-made palatal hinge mechanism for a partially edentulous woman with microstomia resulting from scleroderma. As microstomia is frequently associated with poor manual dexterity, an instrument was fabricated to assist the patient in removing the prosthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Application of cast magnetic attachments to sectional complete dentures for a patient with microstomia: a clinical report.

Patients with microstomia who must wear removable dental prostheses often state that they are unable to insert or remove the prosthesis because of the constricted opening of the oral cavity. This article presents a cast iron-platinum magnetic attachment system applied to sectional collapsed complete dentures for an edentulous patient with microstomia. With the use of lingual and palatal midline hinges and a cast iron-platinum magnetic attachment, the sectional prosthesis was successfully and easily inserted and provided adequate function in the patient's mouth.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Functional reconstruction for severe postburn microstomia.

A man with severe burn microstomia refractory to traditional management (Z release, skin grafting, splinting, bilateral commissuroplasty, and extensive physical therapy) is presented. Successful functional microstomia reconstruction was achieved with a three-stage approach consisting of the following: (1) lip, commissure, and cheek reconstruction with bilateral temporalis muscle transfers; (2) free flap neck and lower lip contracture release; and (3) vestibuloplasty with a stented full-thickness skin graft.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

An appliance to prevent and treat microstomia from burns.

The development and use of a dynamic splint, Microstomia Prevention Appliance, is described. It is effective in preventing microstomia as a consequence of burns and is capable of enlarging a contracted mouth if used before maturation of the scar.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Dominant inheritance of cleft palate, microstomia and micrognathia--possible linkage to the fragile site at 16q22 (FRA16B).

We report a family in which a father and his three children are affected with microstomia, micrognathia and partial or complete cleft of the hard and soft palate. The probands were non-identical twins, a boy and a girl, both noted to have the above features soon after birth. Their father was diagnosed with a submucous cleft of the palate at the age of 4 years and their older brother has milder facial features and a bifid uvula. All affected family members were demonstrated to have a fragile site on chromosome 16q22 but otherwise normal karyotypes. Of interest is a previously described family with autosomal dominant inheritance of U-shaped cleft palate, microstomia, micrognathia and oligodontia where all affected members were shown to have the fragile site at 16q22 in a proportion of their cells [Bettex et al. (1998) Eur J Pediatr Surg 8:4-8]. We propose that these two conditions are the same and represent a distinctive syndrome involving aberrant orofacial development that may be linked to the fragile site at 16q22.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Method of correction of microstomia and deviation of the mouth angles by rotation of trapeziform and triangular flaps of the mouth mucosa].

In the paper, the author suggests an essentially new method of dilation of the oral orifice and elimination of mouth angles deviations basing on the principle of new redistribution of local tissues by means of rotation of a trapeziform graft of the mucosa with its submucous layer from the buccal and adoral region. In this method one uses more adequate tissues, which reserves in case of microstomia are located in the buccal and adoral region. The successful utilization in 60 patients of the suggested method of elimination of microstomia arising due to different causes enabled the author to recommend it widely for reparative surgery.

Humans↗
PubMed2007

Fabricating sectional-collapsible complete dentures for an edentulous patient with microstomia induced by scleroderma.

Patients with microstomia who have to wear removable dental prostheses often face the difficulty of being unable to insert or remove the prosthesis because of the constricted opening of the oral cavity. This clinical report describes in detail the prosthodontic management of an edentulous patient with microstomia induced by scleroderma. Sectional-collapsible maxillary and sectional mandibular complete dentures were fabricated by means of sectional trays. With the use of palatal midline hinge and stud attachments, the sectional dentures were successfully and easily inserted and removed.

Dental Impression Technique↗