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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Migrainous disorder and its relation to migraine without aura and migraine with aura. A genetic epidemiological study.

Migrainous disorder was analysed in a large population-based study of 4000 forty-year-old males and females. All interviews were conducted by one physician and the diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society were used. Of the 48 people with migrainous disorder, 40 had migrainous disorder without aura and 9 had migrainous disorder with aura. One person had co-occurrence of migrainous disorder with and without aura. The lifetime prevalence of migrainous disorder was 2.5% with a male:female ratio of 1:1.2. The first-degree relatives of probands with migrainous disorder were blindly interviewed. Compared with the general population, first-degree relatives of probands with migrainous disorder without aura had a slightly but less increased risk of migraine without aura than first-degree relatives of probands with migraine without aura. First-degree relatives of probands with migrainous disorder with aura had no increased risk of migraine with aura. We conclude that migrainous disorder without aura in some people is a type of migraine without aura and in other people not. Migrainous disorder with aura may be unrelated to migraine with aura.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Migraine without aura and migrainous disorder in children; International Headache Society (IHS) and revised IHS criteria.

The widely used criteria of the IHS to define migraine without aura in children are highly specific but show poor sensitivity, with a large percentage of headaches being classified as migrainous disorder (MD). The objective of this study was to assess how many headache patients in a series of children met the diagnostic criteria of the IHS for migraine without aura or MD and to determine the changes required to convert the greatest number of MD into migraine without aura, without affecting classification of the remaining headache types. A prospective study was undertaken of 131 patients under 15 years old referred to our centre for headache. Patients were classified according to the IHS criteria and according to a modification of these criteria consisting of: (1) reduction of minimum time required for classification into migraine without aura from 2 h to 1 h; (2) acceptance of bifrontal location in addition to hemicranial; (3) acceptance of either phonophobia or photophobia as valid criteria instead of requiring presence of both. Using the IHS criteria, 51 (39%) children were diagnosed as having migraine without aura and 26 (20%) as having MD. According to our revised IHS criteria, 68 (52%) were diagnosed as migraine without aura and nine (7%) as MD. When the three modified criteria were applied, three tension headaches and one unclassifiable headache changed category. When only reduced duration and bifrontal location were applied, none of the headaches other than MD changed category. Application of two modifications to the IHS criteria--reduction in duration of headache to 1 h and acceptance of bifrontal location--increased sensitivity without reducing specificity in classifying migraine without aura in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Migrainous disorder and headache of the tension-type not fulfilling the criteria: a follow-up study in children and adolescents.

In this follow-up study in children and adolescents with recurrent headaches classified as migrainous disorder (IHS 1.7) and headache of the tension-type not fulfilling the criteria (IHS 2.3), 28.6% were headache-free and 71.4% still had headaches 2-5 years after the first examination. The majority remained in the same one-digit IHS diagnosis, whereas 20% changed from migraine to tension-type headache or vice versa. The number of IHS criteria fulfilled increased significantly from the first to the second examination. The reason for diagnosing IHS 1.7 and IHS 2.3 most often was a short headache duration or headache characteristics not meeting the criteria. By reducing the minimum headache duration to 1 h, 11 of 58 patients could be diagnosed as migraine without aura. There was a remarkable overlap in the diagnostic criteria for migraine without aura and tension-type headache. In IHS 1.7 and IHS 2.3 this overlap exceeded 80%, with a trend to decrease at the second examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Migraine variants.

The term "migrant variant" is not used in the headache classification of the International Headache Society (IHS), but it includes those forms of migraine that are not typical of migraine with or without aura. Headaches that do not quite fulfill all of the IHS criteria are termed "migrainous disorder." Migraine associated with auras arising from unusual sites includes basilar migraine, retinal migraine, and ophthalmoplegic migraine. Two of the chromosomal sites for hemiplegic migraine have been identified. Migraine aura may occur without headache and an aura may be prolonged. Migrainous infarct has occurred when the aura lasts more than 1 week or imaging studies are positive and other etiologies have been ruled out. If the migraine attack is prolonged beyond 3 days the term "status migrainousus" is applied.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Is migraine related to the eating disorders?

Migraine and the eating disorders, particularly bulimia nervosa, share some common demographics, phenomenology, psychopathology, and treatments. Bulimics also appear to be more sensitive to the induction of severe migrainous headaches than controls following challenge with the 5-HT agonist, m-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP), but not placebo or L-tryptophan. This supports a common pathophysiological relationship involving postsynaptic 5-HT dysfunction between these disorders. In order to further explore the possible relationship between eating disorders and migraine, we administered a modified version of the Diagnostic Survey of the Eating Disorders (DSED) and the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) to a group of female migraine patients attending the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) Neurology Clinic (n = 34). Of the 34 migraine patients surveyed, 88% reported dieting behavior, 59% reported binge eating, and 26% reported self-induced vomiting during their lifetimes. Compared to the responses of a group of normal female controls (n = 577), patients with migraine had elevated scores on four of the eight subscales of the EDI: Body Dissatisfaction (p < or = .02), Perfectionism (p < or = .01), Interpersonal Distrust (p < or = .02), and Ineffectiveness (p < or = .06). These findings support the hypothesis that common pathophysiological mechanisms, perhaps involving 5-HT dysregulation, may be involved in these two disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A study of headaches and migraine in Sjögren's syndrome and other rheumatic disorders.

Migraine occurs with increased frequency in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and in subjects suffering from Raynaud's phenomenon without any underlying connective tissue disorders. A possible link between migraine and Raynaud's phenomenon has been suggested. Two rheumatic conditions where Raynaud's phenomenon occurs very commonly are scleroderma and primary Sjögren's syndrome. It is possible that migraine is also common in these disorders but has been unrecognised. Therefore, the prevalence of migraine was assessed by a questionnaire in 191 subjects suffering from various connective tissue disorders and control subjects. Migraine was diagnosed in 16/35 (46%) patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome, 31/97 (32%) patients with scleroderma, 4/33 (12%) patients with rheumatoid arthritis/Sjögren's syndrome compared with 3/26 (11%) control subjects. A family history of headaches was more common in the patient groups than controls. There was a significant association between occurrence of Raynaud's phenomenon and migraine. Small vessel pathology may underlie both migraine and Raynaud's phenomenon in these connective tissue disorders--as has been suggested in systemic lupus erythematosus. The findings stress the need to ask specifically about complaints of headaches/migraines in patients with scleroderma and primary Sjögren's syndrome for the appropriate total management of these patients.

Female↗
PubMed2004

[Migraine and psychiatric disorders].

BACKGROUND: Migraine, mood disorders and anxiety disorders are common afflictions in the general population, with similar life-time prevalence rates, 10-20%. These disorders share many clinical features and the pathogenetic mechanisms may possibly be similar. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This review is based on Medline searches for relevant literature. RESULTS: Migraine typically occurs in the form of attacks. Panic disorder, the anxiety disorder most strongly linked to migraine, also occurs in attacks. Mood swings, both depressive and hypomanic, are often of short duration in many patients and can last only a couple of days; hence the course of these disorders has more similarities than is usually appreciated. Psychiatric symptoms are often seen in the course of a migraine attack. Epidemiological studies have shown strong comorbidity between these disorders. Migraine patients have higher prevalence of both anxiety disorders and depressions. There seems to be a particularly strong association between bipolar II disorder and migraine. Disturbances in monoaminergic systems, primarily the serotonergic, may represent pathophysiological mechanisms with regard to migraine and mood and anxiety disorders. Some drugs are effective in the treatment of all these disorders; the most important drugs are tricyclic antidepressants and valproate. INTERPRETATION: There are clear connections between migraine and psychiatric disorders and the attending physician should have them in mind.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed2001

Epidemiology and impact of primary headache disorders.

Migraine is a common disorder that remains largely undiagnosed and has a profound economic impact. In the future, better recognition and treatment can decrease costs and improve the lives of millions of Americans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Nonepileptic uses of antiepileptic drugs in children and adolescents.

Antiepileptic drugs are often prescribed for nonepileptic neurologic and psychiatric conditions. The United States Food and Drug Administration has approved several antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of neuropathic pain, migraine, and mania in adults. For pediatric patients, use of antiepileptic drugs for non-seizure-related purposes is supported mainly by adult studies, open-label trials, and case reports. Summarized here is the published literature for or against the use of antiepileptic drugs for neuropathic pain, migraine, movement disorders, bipolar disorder, aggressive behavior, and pervasive developmental disorders in children and adolescents. Using the American Academy of Neurology's four-tiered classification scheme for a therapeutic article and translation to a recommendation rating, there are no nonepileptic disorders for which antiepileptic drugs have been established as effective for pediatric patients. Valproate and carbamazepine are "possibly effective" in the treatment of Sydenham chorea, and valproate is "probably effective" in decreasing aggressive behavior. Carbamazepine is "probably ineffective" in the treatment of aggression, and lamotrigine is "possibly ineffective" in improving the core symptom of pervasive developmental disorders. Despite the frequent use of antiepileptic drugs in the treatment of juvenile bipolar disorder, migraine, and neuropathic pain, the data are insufficient to make recommendations regarding the efficacy of antiepileptics in these conditions in children and adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Shared mechanisms and comorbidities in neurologic and psychiatric disorders.

Migraine may be comorbid with several other neurologic and psychiatric conditions, including mood disorders (eg, depression, anxiety, panic disorder), epilepsy, stroke, and essential tremor. Comorbidity presents physicians with opportunities and challenges for both diagnosis and treatment. All diseases must be considered, and therapeutic strategies may need to be modified to avoid potential drug interactions. Comorbidities also may provide clues to the pathophysiologies and any shared mechanisms of the two disorders. Longitudinal studies have demonstrated a bidirectional influence between migraine and major depression, but not between migraine and other severe headache. Migraine is strongly and consistently associated with panic disorder. The risk of migraine in epilepsy is increased particularly in individuals with head trauma, partial seizures, and a positive family history of migraine. The influence is bidirectional. There is also growing evidence of an association between migraine and stroke, particularly among women of childbearing age and individuals who experience migraine with aura. Lastly, a bidirectional association between migraine and essential tremor also exists. These findings suggest that migraine, major depression, epilepsy, and essential tremor share one or more common etiologies. Clinicians should be mindful of them as they design treatment strategies, and also should consider the use of a single pharmacologic agent that is effective for all conditions.

Comorbidity↗