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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

Chemical constituents of Chinese natural medicine, morindae radix, the dried roots of morinda officinalis how.: structures of morindolide and morofficinaloside.

A new iridoid lactone, morindolide, and a new iridoid glucoside, morofficinaloside, have been isolated from a Chinese natural medicine, Morindae Radix, the dried root of Morinda officinalis How. together with a number of known compounds: five anthraquinones, four iridoid glucosides, a monoterpene glycoside, two sterols, an ursane-type triterpene, and a lactone compound. The chemical structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence.

Acetylation↗

PubMed2006

Morinda pubescens JE Smith (Morinda tinctoria Roxb) fruit extract accelerates wound healing in rats.

This study investigated the wound healing properties of the chloroform extract of Morinda pubescens fruit in rats. Topical application of M. pubescens fruit extract at 20 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL concentrations appreciably accelerated wound healing in rats compared with controls. Complete wound contraction was achieved, and fresh hair began to grow in the entire wounded area within 15 days in animals treated with the 20 mg/mL chloroform fruit extract of M. pubescens compared with only 60% contraction without hair growth in control rats.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Revision of the structures of citrifolinin A, citrifolinoside, yopaaoside A, yopaaoside B, and morindacin, iridoids from Morinda citrifolia L. and Morinda coreia Ham.

[Structure: see text] Citrifolin A was revised to dehydromethoxygaertneroside (2). Citrifolinoside and yopaaoside A were found to be identical, and their structures were revised to the new structure dehydroepoxymethoxygaertneroside (5). Yopaaoside B was revised to citrifolinoside A (9), and morindacin was revised to borreriagenin (11).

Glucosides↗

PubMed2006

[Determination of antioxidation of the extract from Chinese medicine Morinda officinalis How by flow injection chemiluminescence and spectroscopy].

Flow injection chemiluminescence analysis was used to determine the antioxidation activity of extract from Morinda officinalis How. The determination was based on the inhibition effect of Morinda officinalis How extraction in the chemiluminescence reaction of luminol - H2O2-CuSO4 system, and vitamin C was used as positive control. It was showed that Morinda officinalis How original liquid has obvious anti-radical activity. Spectroscopy was applied to determine the inhibition ratio of Morinda officinalis How extraction for the superoxide anion and hydroxy radicals in the special system. It was shown that the extraction from Morinda officinalis How could obviously scavenge superoxide anion and hydroxy radicals. It is suggested that the Chinese Medicine Morinda Officinalis How is a potential antioxidation activity medicine.

Antioxidants↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Screening of Morinda lucida leaf extract for antimalarial action on Plasmodium berghei berghei in mice.

The leaf extract of Morinda lucida collected in August was administered subcutaneously to albino Swiss mice infected with P. berghei berghei. The schizontocidal activity on early infection was assessed by administering chloroquine (standard) distilled water or Morinda lucida as single daily dose on day 0-3 to infected mice. On day 4 the degree of parasitaemia and percentage was determined in relation to control. Its schizontocidal activity was also observed on an established infection by administering the drugs 72 h after infecting the mice and the degree of parasitaemia was determined daily. The repository action of pyrimethamine was also compared with Morinda lucida. On the early infection, the chloroquine equivalent of Morinda lucida was found to be 1.0 mg/kg. In established infection a daily increase in parasitaemia was observed in control group while the animals that received chloroquine (5 mg/kg) and 1/6 dilution of the stock of Morinda lucida extract showed a sharp fall in parasitaemia from the second day of treatment. For the prophylactic test, 1.2 mg/kg of pyrimethamine and 1/6 dilution of stock of extract produced 80.5% and 70% chemosuppression respectively. It is interesting to note that Morinda lucida leaves extract appears to have schizontocidal and repository effects in mice infected with P. berghei berghei.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Cancer preventive effect of Morinda citrifolia (Noni).

Morinda citrifolia (Noni) has been extensively used in folk medicine by Polynesians for over 2,000 years. It has been reported to have broad therapeutic effects, including anticancer activity, in both clinical practice and laboratory animal models. The mechanism for these effects remains unknown. The hypothesis that Morinda citrifolia possesses a cancer preventive effect at the initiation stage of carcinogenesis was studied. Our preliminary data indicated that 10% Tahitian Noni Liquid Dietary Supplement or Tahitian Noni Juice (TNJ), made from Morinda citrifolia fruit by Morinda Inc, in drinking water for one week was able to prevent DMBA-DNA adduct formation. The levels of DMBA-DNA adducts were reduced by 30% in the heart, 41% in the lung, 42% in the liver, and 80% in the kidney of female SD rats. Even more dramatic results were obtained in male C57 BL-6 mice: 10% TNJ was able to reduce DMBA-DNA adduct formation by 60% in the heart, 50% in the lung, 70% in the liver, and 90% in the kidney. In order to explore the mechanism of this preventive effect, the antioxidant activity of TNJ was examined in vitro by lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) and tetrazolium nitroblue (TNB) assays. In the LPO assay, LPO oxidizes leucomethylene blue to methylene blue in the presence of hemoglobin. The resultant blue color was quantified at 660 nm spectrophotometrically. In the TNB assay, superoxide anion radicals (SAR) reduce TNB into formazan blue that was also measured by absorption at 602 nm. TNJ showed a dose-dependent inhibition of both LPO and SAR in our system. The antioxidant activity of TNJ was compared to the effects of vitamin C, grape seed powder (GSP), and pycnogenol (PYC) at the daily dose per serving level recommended by U.S.RDAs or manufacturers. The results suggest that prevention of carcinogen-DNA adduct formation and the antioxidant activity of TNJ may contribute to the cancer preventive effect of Morinda citrifolia.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗

PubMed2005

Antispermatogenic activity of Morinda lucida extract in male rats.

AIM: To investigate the effect of Morinda lucida Benth (Rubiaceae) on the reproductive activity of male albino rats. METHODS: Two groups of rats were treated with 400 mg/(kg .d) of Morinda lucida leaf extract for 4 and 13 weeks, respectively. The control rats received the vehicle. All the treated rats had corresponding recovery groups. At the end of each experimental period, animals were killed and organ weights, sperm characteristics, serum testosterone levels, histology of the testes and fertility were assessed. RESULTS: Morinda lucida leaf extract did not cause any changes in body and somatic organ weights, but significantly increased the testis weight (P 0.05). The sperm motility and viability, and the epididymal sperm counts of rats treated for 13 weeks were significantly reduced (P 0.05). Sperm morphological abnormalities and serum testosterone levels were significantly increased (P 0.05). There were various degrees of damage to the seminiferous tubules. The extract reduced the fertility of the treated rats by reducing the litter size. Reversal of these changes, however, occurred after a period of time. CONCLUSION: The extract of Morinda lucida has reversible antispermatogenic properties.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Determination of polysaccharide from Chinese medicine Morinda officinalis how and its trace elements analysis].

Polysaccharide was extracted from morinda officinalis how by back-flowing with 80% ethanol for 1 h, and the method of improved phenol-sulfuric acid spectroscopy was adopted to determine the content of morinda officinalis how polysaccharide. As for its trace elements, the atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to detect the content of Zn, Fe and Cu, which were compared with its fake; and cold atomic fluorometry was applied to determine the trace mercury. The results were satisfactory, which can give reference about the effective components of morinda officinalis how, and will help to exploit it.

Copper↗

PubMed2002

Evaluation of the hypoglycemic and anti-oxidant activities of Morinda officinalis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

AIM OF STUDY: The aim was to investigate the hypoglycemic and anti-oxidant activities of the dried roots of Morinda officinalis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODOLOGY: An ethanolic extract of the dried roots of Morinda officinalis and its three fractions (ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water) were obtained. We evaluated the hypoglycemic effects of three different single doses of the crude extract and its fractions in normal and diabetic rats for three hours after administration. Administration of the extract at 150 mg/kg twice daily for 10 days to the diabetic rats was also carried out. The effects of the 10-day treatment on the fasting serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, body weight, food intake, fluid intake, hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, reduced glutathione (GSH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and renal TBARS levels were monitored. RESULTS: In the three-hour dose response study, the crude ethanolic extract reduced the fasting serum glucose levels of the diabetic rats significantly at 150 mg/kg but increased those of the normal rats significantly at 600 mg/kg only. The water fraction demonstrated a dose dependent hypoglycemic effect in the diabetic rats whereas the n-butanol fraction increased the fasting serum glucose levels of the diabetic rats significantly at 50 mg/kg only within three hours after administration. The 10-day oral administration of the extract reduced the fasting serum glucose, hepatic and renal TBARS level and significantly increased the hepatic SOD and CAT activities as well as GSH levels. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the dried roots of Morinda officinalis possess hypoglycemic, hyperglycemic and anti-oxidant properties.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Cytotoxicity and in vitro susceptibility of Entamoeba histolytica to Morinda morindoides leaf extracts and its isolated constituents.

An aqueous decotion (dried extract), an 80% MeOH extract from Morinda morindoides leaves, and 10 flavonoids and 4 iridoids isolated from the 80% MeOH extract were evaluated in vitro for their potential antiamoebic activity and their cytotoxic effect against MT-4 cells. Results indicated that the aqueous decoction and the 80% MeOH extract exhibited an interesting antiamoebic activity with IC(50) values of 3.1 +/- 1.7 and 1.7 +/- 0.6 microg/ml, respectively. Apigenin-7-O-glucoside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside exhibited a moderate antiamoebic activity with IC(50) values of 22.3 +/- 3.2 and 37.4 +/- 2.7 microg/ml, respectively. Kaempferol (IC(50) = 10.3 +/- 2.3 microg/ml), apigenin (IC(50) = 12.7 +/- 4.3 microg/ml), and luteolin (IC(50) = 17.8 +/- 4.3 microg/ml) showed a more pronounced activity than their corresponding glycosides. All tested iridoids displayed a very good activity with IC(50) values less than 10 microg/ml. The most active iridoids were epoxygaertneroside (IC(50) = 1.3 +/- 0.4 microg/ml) and methoxygaertneroside (IC(50) = 2.3. +/- 0.7), followed by gaertneroside and gaertneric acid with IC(50) values of 4.3 +/- 1.8 and 7.1 +/- 1.4 microg/ml, respectively. Except quercetin and quercetin-7,4'-dimethylether which have shown a cytotoxic effect with IC(50) ranging from 14 to 22 microg/ml. No correlation could be deduced between the observed antiamoebic and cytotoxic activity of these tested samples. A structure-activity relationship for isolated compounds is discussed. These findings support the medicinal report for the traditional use of Morinda morindoides leaves for the treatment of amoebiasis.

Amebicides↗

PubMed2006

Antiamoebic activity of iridoids from Morinda morindoides leaves.

An aqueous decoction (dried extract), an 80 % methanolic extract from Morinda morindoides (Rubiaceae) leaves, and five iridoids isolated from the 80 % methanolic extract were evaluated in vitro for their activity against Entamoeba histolytica and their cytotoxicity. The aqueous decoction and the 80 % methanolic extract exhibited a promising antiamoebic activity with IC (50) values of 3.1 +/- 1.7 and 1.7 +/- 0.6 microg/mL, respectively. All tested iridoids displayed antiamoebic activity, the most active being epoxygaertneroside (IC (50): 1.3 +/- 0.4 microg/mL) and methoxygaertneroside (IC (50): 2.3 +/- 0.7 microg/mL) followed by gaertneroside, acetylgaertneroside and gaertneric acid with IC (50) values of 4.3 +/- 1.8, 5.4 +/- 1.4 and 7.1 +/- 1.4 microg/mL, respectively. Synergistic effects between the iridoids tested, or with other constituents, may explain the high activity of the extracts. All extracts and iridoids were devoid of any cytotoxic effect against MT-4 cells at the highest test concentration of 250 microg/mL. These findings support at least in part the traditional use of Morinda morindoides leaves for the treatment of amoebiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Amebiasis↗

PubMed2003

Regulation of anthraquinone biosynthesis in cell cultures of Morinda citrifolia.

Cell cultures of Morinda citrifolia L. are capable of accumulating substantial amounts of anthraquinones. Chorismate formed by the shikimate pathway is an important precursor of these secondary metabolites. Isochorismate synthase (EC 5.4.99.6), the enzyme that channels chorismate into the direction of the anthraquinones, is involved in the regulation of anthraquinone biosynthesis. Other enzymes of the shikimate pathway such as deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase (EC 4.1.2.15) and chorismate mutase (EC 5.4.99.5) do not play a regulatory role in the process. The accumulation of anthraquinones is correlated with isochorismate synthase activity under a variety of conditions, which indicates that under most circumstances the concentration of the branchpoint metabolite chorismate is not a rate-limiting factor. Anthraquinone biosynthesis in Morinda is strongly inhibited by 2,4-D, but much less by NAA. Both auxins inhibit the activity of isochorismate synthase proportionally to the concomitant reduction in the amount of anthraquinone accumulated. However, the correlation between enzyme activity and rate of biosynthesis is less clear when the activity of the enzyme is very high. In this case, a limiting concentration of precursor may determine the extent of anthraquinone accumulation. Partial inhibition of chorismate biosynthesis by glyphosate leads to less anthraquinone accumulation, but also to a reduction in ICS activity. The complexity of the interference of glyphosate with anthraquinone biosynthesis is illustrated by the effect of the inhibitor in cell cultures of the related species Rubia tinctorum L. in these cells, glyphosate leads to an increase in anthraquinone content and a concomitant rise in ICS activity. All data indicate that the main point of regulation in anthraquinone biosynthesis is located at the entrance of the specific secondary route.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗

PubMed2005

Antinociceptive anti-inflammatory effect of Monotropein isolated from the root of Morinda officinalis.

The root of Morinda officinalis (Rubiaceae) is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and impotence in the traditional Oriental medicine. To identify the antinociceptive anti-inflammatory components of this crude drug, we adopted an activity-directed fractionation approach. The active fraction of the BuOH extract of M. officinalis root was subjected to silica gel and ODS column chromatography to yield two diterpenes, compounds 1 and 2 and these were identified as monotropein and deacetylasperulosidic acid, respectively. The iridoid glycoside, monotropein, was tested for its anti-inflammatory antinociceptive effects using hot plate- and writhing antinociceptive assays and by using carrageenan-induced anti-inflammatory assays in mice and rats. Pretreatment with monotropein (at 20, 30 mg/kg/d, p.o.) significantly reduced stretching episodes and prolonged action time in mice. It also significantly reduced acute paw edema by carrageenan in rats. These results indicate that monotropein contributes to the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory action of Morinda officinalis root.

Analgesics↗

PubMed2006

[RAPD analysis on germplasm resources of different farm races of Morinda officinalis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic diversity of different farm races of Morinda officinalis on molecular level. METHODS: The molecular biological technique-random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) were used. RESULTS: Of the 40-mer arbitary primers, 14 were found to amplify polymorphic products. 3-5 polymorphic bands were amplified by each polymorphic primer on the average. Using UPGMA method all the tested accesions can be clustered into two groups: 4 accessions of Daye were classified as one group, 1 accession of Xiaoye be another group. CONCLUSION: There actually existed much genetic diversity on molecular level among the different farm races of Morinda officinalis.

Cluster Analysis↗

PubMed1999

Evaluation of the anti-diabetic property of Morinda lucida leaves in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.

The hypoglycaemic and anti-hyperglycaemic activities of a methanol extract of Morinda lucida Benth. (Rubiaceae) leaves were studied in normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rats. In normal rats, the extract demonstrated a significant (P < 0.05) and dose-dependent hypoglycaemic activity within 4 h after oral administration. The plasma glucose level of 400 mg kg(-1) of the extract at 4 h was 42.5 +/- 0.4 mg/100 mL (control 67.4 +/- 1.2 mg/100 mL). After 12 h, the plasma glucose level of rats administered 50, 100, 200 or 400 mg kg(-1) extract fell to 51.9 +/- 1.2, 47.3 +/- 0.8, 43.1 +/- 0.4 and 40.0 +/- 0.5 mg/100 mL, respectively. In hyperglycaemic rats, the extract produced a significant (P < 0.05) anti-diabetic effect from day 3 after oral administration, with 400 mg kg(-1) extract-treated animals having a plasma glucose level of 248.7 +/- 5.3 mg/100 mL compared with glibenclamide (10 mg kg(-1))-treated animals with a plasma glucose level of 251.5 +/- 5.8 mg/100 mL. These results suggest that the leaves of Morinda lucida have a strong glucose lowering property when administered to streptozotocin-treated rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Experimental studies on growing seedlings of Morinda officinalis How].

By using the techniques of growing seedlings in bowshaped shed covered with plastic sheeting plus treatment with plant growth regulator, vegetative and generative propagation tests have been made of Morinda officinalis. Scientific evidences have thus been provided for growing seedlings of Morinda officinalis.

Indoleacetic Acids↗

PubMed1991

[Chemical constituents of Morinda officinalis How].

This paper reports the identification of four compounds isolated from the cortex of Morinda officinalis growing in Guangdong Province. These compounds are beta-sitosterol (I), 2-methyl-anthraquinone(II), rubiadin-1-methyl ether(III) and 24-ethylcholesterol(VI). Compounds II and VI are isolated from Morinda Genus for the first time.

Anthraquinones↗

PubMed1995

[Antidepressant active constituents in the roots of Morinda officinalis How].

Five compounds having antidepressant activities have been isolated from the roots of Morinda officinalis, a Chinese traditional Yang-tonic drug. These compounds were identified as succinic acid (1), nystose (2), 1F-fructofuranosylnystose (3), inulin-type hexasaccharide (4) and heptasaccharide (5) by chemical and spectroscopic methods. All of the compounds are isolated from the species of genus Morinda for the first time.

Animals↗