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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation studies of morphological and biochemical parameters in human ejaculate in various andrological diagnoses. 3rd report. Correlations between morphological and biochemical parameters.

The result of a study of correlations between morphological and biochemical parameters in human ejaculate is presented in conclusion of an extensive study of these parameters. Basing on these results, for which a statistical significance of p less than 0.05 was calculated, it can be stated that higher fructose concentrations are associated with lower sperm density; at the same time, the higher fructose concentrations correlate with a higher percentage of non-motile and of pathologically changed spermatozoa. Similar associations can be established for certain substrates which result from fructolysis. The possibility of diffusion of enzymes from the cellular components must be considered as regards the increased activities of PGK, PGI and ATPase in seminal plasma in the presence of greater sperm density. Reliable conclusions about associations between morphological characteristics and enzyme activities can be expected in the future from appropriate measurements in the cellular elements (spermatozoa, round cells) of the ejaculate. The study results provide a further insight into the biochemistry of seminal plasma and into the associations between morphological and biochemical parameters in the ejaculate.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1975

Morphological and functional identifications of catfish retinal neurons. I. Classical morphology.

The morphology of the catfish horizontal cells is comparable to that in other fish retinas. The external horizontal cells contact cone receptors and are stellate in shape; the intermediate horizontal cells are even more so and contact rod receptors. The internal horizontal cells constitute the most proximal layer of the inner nuclear layer and may possibly be, in reality, extended processes from the other two horizontal cell types. Bipolar cells resemble those in other teleost retinas: the size and shape of their dendritic tree encompass a continuous spectrum ranging from what is known as the small to the large bipolar cells. The accepted definition of amacrine cells is sufficiently vague to justify our originating a more descriptive and less inferential name for the (axonless) neurons in the inner nuclear layer which radiate processes throughout the inner synaptic layer. These starbust and spaghetti cells vary considerably in the character and extent of their dendritic spread, but correlates exist in other vertebrate retinas. Ganglion cells are found not only in the classical ganglion layer but displaced into the inner nuclear layer as well. Several types can be distinguished on the basis of cell geometry and by the properties of their dendritic tree. Not all of the categorization corresponds with previous descriptions; our findings suggest that some reorganization may be necessary in the accepted classification of cells in the proximal areas of the vertebrate retina. A subtle yet remarkable pattern underlies the entire structure of the catfish retina; there exists a definite gradient of size within a particular class of cells, and of configuration among the subclasses of a specific cell type. It remains to be seen if these morphological spectra bear any functional consequences. The fact that the structure of the catfish retina most closely resembles those of other phylogenetically ancient animals, such as the skate and the dogfish shark, testifies to its primitive organization; morphological and functional mechanisms discernible in this simple system may, therefore, be applicable to the retinas of higher ordered vertebrates.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphological alterations of non-varicose and varicose veins. (A morphological contribution to the discussion on pathogenesis of varicose veins).

Venous valves do not play a role in pathogenesis of primary varicose veins. Their number remains constant during life time. In varicose veins their insufficiency is secondary. Intimal fibrosis is no prerequisite for the development of varicose veins. It is a frequent finding in non-varicose veins of all age groups. Fibrosis of media and adventitia is no early morphological alteration in varicose veins. Fibrotic replacement of smooth muscles represents a late stage of varicosis. Degenerative lesions of deep leg veins are rare even at old age. The deep veins are not influenced by sclerotic lesions of the adjacent arteries. Preexisting intimal fibrosis in autogenous graft veins may be one of several factors which induce an overshooting intimal proliferation. Degenerative alterations (fibrotic lesions of the wall layers, insufficiency of the valves) are secondary phenomena in pathogenesis of varicose veins which follow a functional deficiency of the smooth musculature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Relation of colonial morphologies in soft agar to morphological and biological properties of the K-9 strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae and its variants.

During repeated subcultures of strain K-9 of Klebsiella pneumoniae, three variants, A, B, and C, were obtained showing different colonial morphologies in soft agar. The parent strain K-9 produced colonies that were large, smooth, and globular; variant A, wedged balloon forms somewhat elongate; variant B, rain-drop-like with some streaming; and variant C, small compact rough globules. These colonial forms in soft agar medium correlated well with the size of capsule determined by cell volume index and light microscopy. Organisms exhibiting large globular colonies did possess extra large capsules while strains producing compact-type colonies in soft agar were lacking capsules. Capsular size of the strains correlated well with mouse virulence, but most biochemical properties, including the amount of endotoxic substance, were the same in all strains.

Agar↗
PubMed1975

Morphological and functional identifications of catfish retinal neurons. II. Morphological identification.

In this study the morphological origins of the responses from the catfish retinal neurons evoked by step inputs were determined by injecting intracellularly a dye, Procion yellow. A method was devised to view the dye-injected neurons in flat mount to study their dendritic expansion; later the same neurons could be sectioned radially to locate the levels of their somata or dendritic expansion. The results of this study show the inherent danger of identifying dye-injected neurons only in a radial or tangential view. Bipolar cells could be identified functionally without any ambiguity by changing widely the stimulus parameters, because the stimulation of their receptive-field center and surround gave rise to responses of opposing polarity. We found no exception to this rule. The neurons in the proximal layers produced a large variety of responses which could not be segregated into two such classes as the amacrine and ganglion cells. In this part II they were classified into three broad categories: neurons giving rise to sustained, transient, and spiking responses. The demarcation among the three types, morphologywise and functionwise, was vague and not well established. The sustained responses were recoreded from the starburst and spaghetti neurons (part I (9)) which correspond to Ramón y Cajal's (2) amacrine cells. The transient responses, whose patterns were largely invariant of the changes in the stimulus parameters, were recorded from a class of neurons with spindle-shaped somata in the INL. We do not know whether they had axons or not, but we will not be surprised if a future study defines them as a class of ganglion cells. Responses with or without spike discharges were recorded from a class of neurons which were identified as ganglion cells. Observations made on a large number of Procion-injected neurons in both flat-mount preparations and radial sections show that finer dendritic arborizations were not seen in the dye-injected neurons although the presence of such branches was proved in the Golgi preparations. Probably this was due to the weak contrast of the Procion-injected cell against the tissue background, rather than the failure of the dye to diffuse into finer branches. We recognize the severe difficulty involved in the traditional approach of identifying a class of neurons based on typical but subjectively selected functional and structural samples. Neurons have to be classified statistically according to their (quantitative) parameters. (cont'd)

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver (classification, morphology and morphological differential diagnosis].

The current classification of hepatitis and hepatocirrhosis is evaluated on the basis of the literature analysis and the study of the author's own material. Morphological criteria for differential diagnosis of liver diseases of viral and alcohol etiology are proposed. A clinical pathologist examining a liver biopsy may confirm or establish the etiology of the disease, determine the degree of activity and compensation of the process. An analysis of these criteria helps a clinician to choose the method of treatment and to determine the prognosis of the disease.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury↗
PubMed1975

Leucocyte morphology and chromosome morphology.

The banding techniques currently employed in human cytogenetics for the identification of the individual chromosomes have been used to stain PHA lymphocytes and circulating leucocytes. The capacity of these techniques to localize singular chromosomes or chromosomal regions has been investigated. It has been observed that among the four major categories of bands (Q, G, E and R) only the quinacrine staining is informative in interphase nuclei, because of its peculiarity to stain the long arm of the Y chromosome and few other heterochromatic regions. Interphase nuclei treated according to the C-bands show the presence of several heterochromatic masses, corresponding to the centromeric areas of individual chromosomes, but as such they cannot be recognized accurately. More specific and selective techniques, like G-11 and G-Y protocols, appear to be suitable to localize the centromeric regions of chromosome no. 9 and and long arm of Y chromosome. Variation of the incubation time in the alkali-saline solutions and of pH values have proven to be appropriate for the demonstration of other heterochromatic regions in interphase nuclei and in circulating leucocytes. The "nuclear" approach to study of specific heterochromatic regions of human chromosomes may be of practical interest into the investigation of several biological problems and into the detection of individuals carrying chromosome variants.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1977

Effect of Staphylococcus aureus delta toxin on Chinese hamster ovary cell morphology and Y-1 adrenal cell morphology and steroidogenesis.

Since Staphylococcus aureus delta toxin previously had been shown to increase the cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) content of guinea pig ileum, the effect of delta toxin on such cAMP-mediated responses as morphogenesis and steroidogenesis in cultured tissue cells was examined. In contrast to cholera toxin, delta toxin did not cause spindling of Chinese hamster ovary cells. Unlike adrenocorticotropin or cholera toxin, delta toxin was unable to cause rounding of Y-1 adrenal cells or to promote steroid production by the cells. S. aureus alpha toxin and enterotoxin B were also unable to cause rounding of Y-1 adrenal cells. Omission of Ca2+ from the media still allowed for increased steroid production by adrenocorticotropin but not by delta toxin. Delta toxin at concentrations greater than 10 micrograms/ml did cause lysis of both Chinese hamster ovary and Y-1 adrenal cells. These findings suggest that the increase in intestinal cAMP levels caused by delta toxin is mediated through a mechanism different from that initiated by cholera toxin.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

[Morphologic mutant of Escherichia coli K12 having disorders in morphology, division and cell wall biosynthesis].

A study was made of the properties of a spherical mutant obtained from the E. coli K12 HfrC strain under the effect of N-nitroso-N-methyl-urea. The growth of the mutant of full value media was characterized by a marked reduction of the cell division at the rest phase, but exponential growth phase failed to differ from the growth of the parental strain. Electron microscopic study of surface structures of the mutant cells which grew under physiological conditions permitted to distinguish two types: the first type had a typical structure of the cell wall characteristic of Gram negative microbes; the second type was framed by a bicontour membrane without any distinct structure. The presence of these two types of cells was also confirmed by their different sensitivity to the ionic detergents. On the basis of chemical analysis of peptidoglycan of the cell wall (which was markedly decreased in amount in the mutant cells), and also of the unsually high accumlation of the UDP-precursors of peptidoglycan under conditions of penicillin action it is supposed that normal regulation of metabolism of the cell walls was deranged. Mutation designated by 11rA symbol was plotted by phase PI transduction alongside of strA gene.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1979

[Functional and morphological changes in the nerves following injury due to traction mechanism (experimental and morphological studies)].

In acute and chronic experiments on 52 animals (rabbits and dogs), carried out by means of neurophysiologic and neurohistologic methods, the authors have studied functional and histologic changes in the nerves following a one-step forced traction. Traction injuries have been found to cause early trophic disorders, persistent and long-lasting alterations of the nerve conductability and excitability. Some considerable retrograde changes in the nerves and related segments of the spinal cord have been noted together with the delay of the resorption of the decay products of the axons and the myelin sheath in the peripheral nerve fragment. The severity degree of the alterations depends on the degree of the traction.

Animals↗