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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1978

Current status of mumps and mumps vaccine in the United States.

Reported mumps in the United States has declined to all-time low levels following the increasingly widespread use of mumps-virus vaccine. Mumps vaccine has proven safe and effective. Its incorporation into combined live-virus vaccines, especially measles-mumps-rubella, has made mumps vaccination a practical and economically feasible component of routine immunization activities. Because of the favorable experience to date with mumps vaccine and the associated drop in mumps morbidity and mortality, mumps control programs likely will receive increasing public health attention in the coming years.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Avidity of IgG antibodies against mumps, parainfluenza 2 and Newcastle disease viruses after mumps infection.

Paired serum samples from 39 patients with recent mumps infection were assayed for IgG antibodies against mumps, parainfluenza 2 and Newcastle disease virus (NDV). A modified enzyme immunoassay was used, giving separate estimates of high avidity antibodies (EHAA) and total specific antibodies (ETSA). A marked cross-reaction was seen between mumps and parainfluenza 2 virus, with changes of ETSA between paired samples of about the same magnitude against both these viruses. The mean change of EHAA against mumps was, however, significantly greater than that against parainfluenza 2. There were 16 patients who had a change of ETSA greater against parainfluenza 2 than against mumps. When the EHAA responses were compared, there were only 8 such patients. The responses against NDV were negligible. Estimation of antibody avidity, even by the arbitrary method used, can distinguish between homotypic and cross-reactive heterotypic antibodies after mumps infection. The implications for expressing the results of enzyme immunoassay are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Virological evaluation of mumps meningitis following vaccination against mumps].

1) We report 5 cases of aseptic meningitis following vaccination against mumps. Of the 5 cases, 4 cases were diagnosed as mumps meningitis. 2 cases received monovalent mumps vaccine and the other 2 MMR vaccine. They consisted of 2 boys and 2 girls, aged 2 years and 2 months to 4 years and 5 months. The period between vaccination and symptoms ranged from 15 days to 20 days (mean 18 days). Cerebrospinal fluid of the cases contained 507 to 2688 cells/mm3. Eruption was observed in the 2 cases who received MMR vaccine, while parotid swelling was not seen in any case. 2) In all 4 cases, IgM antibody to mumps virus in the cerebrospinal fluid was detected by the ELISA or EIA methods. Causative organism of the fifth case was obscure. 3) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests revealed that mumps virus isolated from 2 cases were of vaccine strain origin. 4) To evaluate the frequency of mumps meningitis following vaccination, it seems important to investigate carefully the number of children who received the vaccine and to exclude the cases of aseptic meningitis caused by other agents. On the other hand, cases of young infants tend to be overlooked because of atypical signs.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1991

[Immunization of healthy children with mumps-rubella bivalent live vaccine and simultaneous vaccination with mumps-rubella and varicella vaccines].

Bivalent virus vaccine, containing rubella TCRB-19 strain and mumps NK-M46 strain (MR vaccine), was administered to a total of 95 healthy children who had already received measles vaccine or had been infected with wild measles virus. The seroconversion rates for rubella and mumps viruses in subjects having no antibody to rubella or to mumps virus were 99% (75/76) and 97% (63/65), respectively, at 6-8 weeks after vaccination. The seroconversion rates for both rubella and mumps in vaccinees initially seronegative to both viruses were 95% (56/59). Immune responses after MR vaccine injection were comparable to those after administration of monovalent rubella or mumps vaccine. Clinical reactions observed in some subjects who received MR vaccine were mild fever (3.6%), exanthem (8%), lymphadenopathy (1.8%), and swelling of the parotis region (1.8%). MR vaccine could be simultaneously injected with varicella vaccine at the opposite site producing no adverse effect on immune response. Our results indicate that MR vaccine is a safe and effective vaccine, especially for children who have had wild measles or who have received measles vaccine.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

A prefecture-wide survey of mumps meningitis associated with measles, mumps and rubella vaccine.

A survey of untoward reactions, especially central nervous system reactions, after the administration of a newly introduced measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine in Gunma Prefecture, Japan, was initiated soon after 4 patients were hospitalized for aseptic meningitis. Thirty-five, 6 and 2 children developed meningitis, convulsive disorders and parotitis, respectively, within 2 months after MMR vaccination during the 8-month period extending from April to November, 1989. The time lag between MMR vaccination and meningitis ranged from 14 to 28 days in the 35 cases of meningitis. Mumps virus, isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid in 13 patients with aseptic meningitis, was characterized by determination of the nucleotide sequences of the P gene as mumps vaccine strain. The incidence of aseptic meningitis with positive mumps vaccine virus was estimated to be 0.11% (0.3% as a whole) during the 8 months from April to November and increased to 0.3% (0.7% as a whole) in September and October. We conclude that the incidence of aseptic meningitis after MMR vaccination seems to be higher than that reported previously.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Transfer of measles, mumps, and rubella antibodies from mother to infant. Its effect on measles, mumps, and rubella immunization.

Sera from 42 mother-infant pairs were examined to determine the effect of passively acquired enhanced neutralizing (ENt) antibody on immunization. The ENt antibodies to measles, mumps, and rubella were greater in term newborns than in their mothers, with mean ratio of 1.8:1, 1.3:1, and 1.2:1, respectively. In 21% to 25% of the children, these antibodies persisted until 12 months of age. When immunized with trivalent measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, children who had persisting ENt measles and rubella titers had significantly lower mean antibody responses than children without detectable antibodies to the two viruses. Persisting ENt mumps antibodies did not affect the postimmunization titers. Seroconversion rates to any of the three viruses were not different in children with or without preexisting ENt antibody.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMed1978

[Mumps meningitis and mumps vaccination (author's transl)].

Mumps meningitis (MM) is the most frequent inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in children. It occurs twice as often in boys as in girls. Usually it is mild; encephalitic signs are found only in 2-3% of the cases. Even here persistent neurological signs are rare, but psychological alterations are found in about 20% of the cases. 40% of all MM cases occur in children of school age necessitating absence from school for four weeks at last. The frequency of MM makes it a financial problem too. In Viennese hospitals 4.2 million Austrian Schillings were spent yearly for hospitalization of children with MM, on average, during the years 1971-1975. The vaccination of all Viennese children born in a single year (18,000) against mumps would require an outlay of only 2.8 million Austrian Schillings. Wide-spread routine vaccination against mumps is indicated, therefore, not only for medical, but for social and economic reasons as well.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1978

Mumps meningitis: prolonged pleocytosis and occurrence of mumps virus-specific oligoclonal IgG in the cerebrospinal fluid.

A pleocytosis of the CSF occurred in all of 10 children with mumps meningitis and persisted for weeks and months in some patients. Oligoclonal IgG proteins were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during the 2nd week after onset of meningitis or later in 4 out of 10 patients, and could be detected as late as 11 and 12 months after meningitis in 2 patients. Evidence is presented that the oligoclonal IgG represents mumps virus-specific antibody synthesized locally in the brain. Oligoclonal virus antibodies were demonstrated also in serum samples. The persistence for weeks and moths of pleocytosis and oligoclonal IgG virus antibody in the CSF may imply that a virus infection in some cases persists in the brain in spite of apparently complete clinical recovery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

[Changes on platelet adhesion, aggregation and production in course of mumps and mumps meningitis (author's transl)].

In 20 children with mumps and mumps meningitis thrombocyte functions, the thrombopoiesis and the platelet count were examinated over a four week period. The spontaneous, standardized platelet adhesion and aggregation on silikonized glass surface showed a statistically significant increase from the 5th to the 15th day of the illness. Within the first four days a decrease of the megathrombocyte portion respectively of the youngest platelet forms was noted as revealed by the platelet spreading preparations. Then the thrombopoiesis index as well as the platelet count arised from the 5th day of the illness parallel to the other platelet functions. The enhanced thrombopoiesis diminished at the end of the 3rd week of the illness but the platelet adhesion and aggregation continued to be further increased. A distinct correlation could be established between the development of the specific antibodies and increased platelet adhesion, aggregation and thrombopoiesis in epidemic parotitis. The influence of the immune complexes and of the virus itself, furthermore the occurrence of the regenerating phase as well as the effects of the possible thromboplastic activity following a tissue damage or an inflammatory reaction were discussed.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMed1979

[Epidemiology of measles and mumps. 2nd part: mumps (author's transl)].

Similar to measles, mumps morbidity is also seen to follow an undulating course with a 2--3 years rhythm as well as having an annual peak in the second quarter. The peak of the age specific morbidity, however, is found in the 7th--8th year of life and consequently part of the infections only appear later in adulthood. Most of the infections remain subclinical and only about 12% are recorded. Morality is about 1 : 100 000, meningitis occurs in about 1,5% of the infections and is benign in most cases. Encephalitis occurs in about 0,9% of cases and frequently leads to brain damage.

Austria↗

PubMed1992