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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1983

[Taxonomy and ecology of brucellosis pathogens isolated from Muridae in the northern foothills of the Caucasus mountains. I. Cultural and biochemical properties of Brucella isolated from Muridae].

The results of the study of 65 Brucella strains isolated from myomorphous rodents in the Northern Caucasus are presented. The study was made with the aim of finding out additional characteristics for the identification of these strains. Using the main tests recommended by the FAO/WHO Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Brucella, as well as some additional tests, we have revealed that the strains under study are very similar to B. suis. At the same time their capacity for agglutination with anti-melitensis monospecific serum, their high sensitivity to pyronin B, safranine T and gentian violet, their low urease activity and their oxidizing activity in respect to L-alanine, L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid, L-arginine, DL-ornithine, DL-citrullin and L-livin make it possible to consider them the fifth independent biotype of B. suis.

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PubMed1985

Major chromosome homeologies between Muridae and Cricetidae.

The presumed ancestral karyotype of Muridae, previously reconstructed, is compared with that of a selected Cricetidae species, Akodon a arviculoides. Most of the chromosomes of the presumed ancestral chromosomes of Muridae are homeologous to chromosome arms or segments in the Akodon karyotype. This result strengthens the validity of the reconstruction of the ancestral karyotype for both Muridae and Cricetidae.

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PubMed1988

Evidence for eight tandem and five centric fusions in the evolution of the karyotype of Aethomys namaquensis A. Smith (Rodentia: Muridae).

G- and C-banded chromosomes of Aethomys namaquensis (2n = 24), A. chrysophilus (2n = 44), and Praomys coucha (2n = 36) are compared and contrasted with published material on Australian Muridae and North American Sigmodontidae. Direction and types of chromosomal rearrangements are established using cladistic methodology. An acrocentric morphology for chromosomes 5, 14, 15 and 20 (numbering system from Peromyscus) are proposed as primitive for the common ancestor of the Muridae and Sigmodontidae rodent lineages. Reduced diploid number of Aethomys namaquensis is derived by eight tandem and five centric fusions since divergence from the common ancestor with A. chrysophilus. The two species of Aethomys share one derived metacentric chromosome that distinguishes them from Praomys. Praomys has unique chromosomes which can be derived from the proposed primitive condition by five centric fusions and five pericentric inversions. It is concluded that karyotypic orthoselection for tandem and centric fusions is best explained by cellular or biochemical mechanisms rather than variation in population characteristics.

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PubMed2001

Demonstration of chymotryptic and tryptic activities in mast cells of rodents: comparison of 17 species of the family Muridae.

On the basis of studies in laboratory rats, mast cells were originally classified into two subgroups, namely, mucosal mast cells (MMCs), which contained chymase, and connective tissue mast cells (CTMCs), which contained both tryptase and chymase. This classification has been applied to other animal species, despite the fact that the MMCs and CTMCs of such species sometimes consist of mixed populations of mast cells in terms of tryptase and chymase constitution. This report describes the protease constitution of mast cells in 17 species of nine genera (Acomys, Apodemus, Cricetulus, Meriones, Millardia, Mus, Rattus, Sigmodon and Vandeleuria) of the family Muridae. MMCs with negative tryptase activity were detected only in the intestinal mucosa of six subspecies of Mus musculus, two Rattus spp. and Vandeleuria oleacea, and only Apodemus sylvaticus possessed CTMCs with no tryptase activity. Since mast cells conforming to the conventional classification were observed only in three of the nine genera examined, we propose that mast cells of rodents of the family Muridae should be classified by their protease constitution rather than by their location.

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PubMed1983

Chromosomal phylogeny of Muridae: a study of 10 genera.

The karyotypes of 10 different species of the family Muridae (Acomys airensis, Arvicanthis niloticus, Hylomyscus stella, Malacomys longipes, Mastomys huberti, Myomys daltoni, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Thamnomys gazellae, and Uranomys ruddi) are compared by different banding techniques. From a reconstruction of the presumed ancestral karyotype of the Muridae the sequence of the various rearrangements leading to the present karyotypes is proposed in order to determine their phylogenetic relationships. In particular, the present karyotypes of the mouse and rat differ from the ancestral one by at least 12 and 7 rearrangements, respectively. A clear tendency for accumulation of a specific type of rearrangement in a given branch of the cladogram is observed. In regard to the mouse, a large number of translocations, with break points situated in the proximal part of the long arms, have occurred, which conserved the acrocentric form of the ancestral chromosomes but led to multiple recombinations of the bands.

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PubMed2005

[T-specific D17Leh66 DNA elements in family Muridae].

Blot-hybridization analysis with the use of the t-specific probe D17Leh66 has been used to study DNA of various representatives of family Muridae. Hamsters from genus Phodopus have no homologs of this probe, whereas African rats from genus Lophuromys have some homologous elements. This indicates that sequence Dl7Leh66 is ancient and was probably present in the common ancestor of family Muridae.

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PubMed1989

The muridae glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.

Although only one gene is known to be functional, numerous glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) related sequences are scattered throughout Mus musculus and Rattus rattus genomes. In this report we show that: (1) GAPDH pseudogenes are repeated to comparable extents, at least 400 copies, in 12 other Muridae species; (2) the complete, or nearly so, sequence of GAPDH messenger RNA is amplified, and a high proportion, if not all of these copies, are intronless; (3) GAPDH pseudogenes are preferentially located in heavily methylated and DNAse I-insensitive regions of chromatin; and (4) the presence of atypical GAPDH-related mRNAs in different cellular contexts raises the possibility that more than one GAPDH gene is transcribed.

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PubMed1996

The chromosome complement of Acomys spp. (Rodentia, Muridae) from Oursi, Burkina Faso--the ancestral karyotype of the cahirinus-dimidiatus group?

We present here data on chromosome banding analysis (R- and C-bands) of Acomys sp. (Rodentia, Muridae) from Oursi, Burkina Faso, characterized by 2n = FN = 68 and comparison of its banding patterns with those of Acomys dimidiatus from Saudi Arabia (2n = 38, FN = 70), studied previously. The study revealed complete homology between acrocentric chromosomes of Acomys sp. and chromosome arms of 16 pairs of metacentric and two pairs of acrocentric chromosomes of A. dimidiatus. In addition to monobrachial homology, one tandem translocation accompanied by a centromeric shift was identified in the karyotype of the latter species. The data obtained show that karyotypes of all the species of the Acomys cahirinus-dimidiatus group studied previously may be derived from that of Acomys sp. from Oursl by means of numerous non-homologous Rb translocations and 1-2 tandem transiocations, and thus its karyotype may be considered as ancestral for the cahirinus-dimidiatus group.

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PubMed1999

Allelic diversity at the Mhc-DQA locus in cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) and a comparison of DQA sequences within the family muridae (Mammalia: Rodentia).

The cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) is a common murid rodent of the southern United States, Mexico, and Central America. Using single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing techniques, 11 DQA exon 2 alleles were detected among 180 S. hispidus from Caddo County, Oklahoma, USA. The alleles represent a single locus exhibiting a high level of polymorphism. Nucleotide and amino acid distance values among DQA alleles of S. hispidus were higher than those within Mus musculus and species of Rattus. Although the distribution of polymorphic amino acid residues among alleles of S. hispidus was similiar to that of Mus and Rattus, some residues of the alpha-helix region were more variable in S. hispidus. Comparisons of nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions indicated a trend toward higher numbers of nonsynonymous substitutions; however, this difference was not significant statistically among S. hispidus alleles. To examine evolution of DQA alleles within Muridae, we performed a phylogenetic analysis that included DQA alleles from S. hispidus, Peromyscus leucopus, M. musculus, R. norvegicus, and six Australian species of Rattus. Results depicted monophyly for each genus, and this concordance between species and gene trees represents a lack of evidence for trans-species persistence of alleles among these genera.

Alleles↗

PubMed1987

Caecal size and function in the rock elephant shrew Elephantulus myurus (Insectivora, Macroscelididae) and the Namaqua rock mouse Aethomys namaquensis (Rodentia, Muridae).

1. The relative size of the digestive organs and the function of the caeca of an insectivorous elephant shrew Elephantulus myurus (Macroscelididae) and of a herbivorous rodent Aethomys namaquensis (Muridae) were compared. 2. Both species had similar body mass but A. namaquensis had a significantly heavier total digestive tract, full stomach, and caecum and a longer large intestine and caecum than E. myurus. 3. Both species had similar total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration and VFA % composition although A. namaquensis had a significantly higher % of n-butyric acid. Both had a similar caecal NH3-N concentration. 4. The presence of a functional caecum in E. myurus supports the view that Macroscelididae have evolved from ancestral herbivores and not from insectivores.

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PubMed2002

Trichostrongylina (Nematoda) from Malagasy Muridae. I--Description of two new species of Heligmonellidae in Nesomys spp.

Two new species of Heligmonellidae, Heligmonina wrightae n.sp. (Nippostrongylinae) and Nesomystrongylus fissicauda n.gen., n. sp. (Brevistriatinae) are described from Madagascar in Nesomys rufus and N. audeberti (Muridae). In Nesomys audeberti, the species are coparasites. Heligmonina wrightae is differentiated from all the other species of the genus, except H. malacomysi Sakka & Durette-Desset, 1988, by the ratio of the length of the spicules on the length of the body (25-27.8% versus 9.5-7%). It differs from H. malacomysi by the pattern of the caudal bursa and by the angle of the axis of orientation of the cuticular ridges on the sagittal axis. Nesomystrongylus fissicauda is related to the genus Fissicauda Durette-Desset & Krishnasamy, 1976, by the absence of the carene, by the ridges discontinuous on all the sides of the body and by the deeply divided dorsal ray. It differs from this genus by a different structure of the ridges, by the pattern of the caudal bursa, (very tiny rays 2 and strongly developed rays 3, rays 8 arising from common trunk of rays 2 to 6) and by the presence of a caudal tip in the female.

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PubMed1997

Parasites of mammals on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro, New Mexico: Cuterebra austeni and C. neomexicana (Diptera:Oestridae) from Neotoma and Peromyscus (Rodentia:Muridae), 1991-1994.

In total, 6,486 rodents representing 3 families (Muridae, Heteromyidae, and Sciuridae) and 24 species were trapped May through August of 1991 through 1994. Of these, only the white-throated woodrat. Neotoma albigula Hartley; piñon mouse, Peromyscus truei Shufeldt; and white-footed mouse, P. leucopus Rafinesque, were infested with Cuterebra Clark larvae. Of the 594 N. albigula that were captured 103 (17.3%) were infested with 139 Cuterebra larvae with all infestations occurring in the throat region. N. albigula infestations were observed in 4 of 5 habitats sampled. The highest prevalence of infestation occurred during May-June (27.2%) versus July-August (9.1%) and in males (25.2%) versus females (18.3%). Prevalence of infestation was not significantly different between animals from the mark-release webs versus removal webs or adults versus juveniles. Also, there was no correlation between relative density of N. albigula and prevalence of infestation. Fifteen adults were reared from puparia and identified as C. austeni Sabrosky. Of 716 P. truei captured, 22 (3.1%) were infested with a total of 25 Cuterebra larvae with all infestations occurring in the scapular region. Although P. truei were captured in all 5 habitats, they were only infested in the piñon-juniper habitat: the highest prevalence of infestation occurred during July-August (10.9%) versus May-June (3.3%). Prevalence of infestation was not significantly different between animals from mark-release webs versus removal webs, males versus females, or adults versus juveniles. As in the N. albigula, there was no correlation between relative density of P. truei and prevalence of infestation. The adult reared from a puparium was identified as C. neomexicana Sabrosky. Of the 310 P. leucopus captured, only 3 (1%) were infested with Cuterebra larvae.

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PubMed1991

Variation in mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence in natural populations of South American akodontine rodents (Muridae: Sigmodontinae).

A 401-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene was sequenced from polymerase chain reaction-amplified products for 20 natural populations representing 12 species of South American akodontine rodents (Muridae). Variation among these taxa increased with their hierarchical position, from comparisons within local populations to those among different genera. Two individuals from the same local population differed by less than 1% sequence divergence. Sequence divergence among geographic samples within a species was 0.25%-8%, while that among species was 3%-21%. Comparisons of the akodontine sequences with that for the house mouse show 21%-25% sequence difference. A parsimony-based phylogenetic analysis of the data supports the placement of the taxon Microxus within Akodon (sensu stricto), of Bolomys just outside the Akodon cluster, and of Chroeomys as a separate genus quite distinct from the other members of this group. This phylogenetic hypothesis is identical to that determined from electrophoretic data but is quite divergent from the present taxonomy of the group.

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PubMed1984

[Electrophoretic variability in a total of 11 structural sites in murine rodents (Muridae, Rodentia)].

Forty-six rodent species of the Muridae family were submitted to sequential electrophoresis for the study of 11 protein loci, using 12 buffer systems which differed in pH and ionic composition. The complete set of electrophoretic conditions yielded 135 variants of which 68 were detected through a single condition. The twofold increase of revealed variants was essentially limited to intergeneric comparisons because few additional variants within genera were revealed, despite the use of several buffers. These results show that estimation of the degree of genetic differentiation among taxa at a higher level than that of the genus by standard electrophoretic data may, although of current use, lead to erroneous results.

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PubMed2003

Reproductive system abnormalities in Schistosoma mansoni adult worms isolated from Nectomys squamipes (Muridae: Sigmodontinae): brightfield and confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis.

Schistosoma mansoni adult worms with genital anomalies isolated from Nectomys squamipes (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) were studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy under the reflected mode. One male without testicular lobes (testicular agenesia/anorchism) and two females, one with an atrophied ovary and another with 17 uterine eggs, were identified. The absence of testicular lobes occurred in a worm presenting otherwise normal male adult characteristics: tegument, tubercles and a gynaecophoric canal with spines. In both female specimens the digestive tube showed a vacuolated appearance, and the specimen with supernumerary uterine eggs exhibited a developing miracidium and an egg with a formed shell. The area of the ventral sucker was similar in both specimens however the tegument thickness, ovary and vitelline glands of the specimen with the atrophied ovary were smaller than those of the one with supernumerary eggs. These reported anomalies in the reproductive system call attention to the need to improve our understanding of genetic regulation and the possible role of environmental influences upon trematode development.

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PubMed2001

Protospirura kaindiensis n. sp. (Spirura: Spiruridae) and other helminths from Pseudohydromys (Muridae: Hydromyinae) from Papua New Guinea.

One cestode and 3 species of nematodes are recorded from Pseudohydromys murinus and Pseudohydromys occidentalis (Muridae: Hydromyinae), from Papua New Guinea, for the first time. Heterakis fieldingi (Ascaridida: Heterakidea) has previously been known from Australia. Odilia sp. resembles Odilia praeputialis in the orientation of the synlophe and the number and size of ridges but differs in the length of spicule and lack of a praepuce. Protospirura kaindiensis n. sp. (Spirurida: Spiruridae) is readily distinguished from all other members of the genus by the number and arrangement of caudal papillae and the length of the spicules.

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PubMed2002

A new species, Litomosoides odilae n. sp (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) from Oligoryzomys nigripes (Rodentia: Muridae) in the rainforest of Misiones, Argentina.

A new species of Litomosoides was collected from the abdominal cavity of Oligoryzomys nigripes (Rodentia: Muridae) in a semideciduous secondary rainforest of Misiones, Argentina. Litomosoides odilae n. sp. belongs to the carinii group and is characterized by the amphids displaced dorsally; buccal capsule with an anterior segment transparent and an annular asymmetrical thickening; esophagus divided, with the posterior glandular portion slightly wider than the muscular; male cloacal aperture strongly protruded; and microfilaria sheathed with an attenuated tail. The morphology of the new species, which is similar to that of L petteri, a parasite of marsupials in Brazil, suggests that host-switching events may have occurred in the diversification of this genus.

Abdominal Cavity↗

PubMed1998

Chronosexuality of Plasmodium species of Central African Muridae.

A host harbouring many parasite species of the same genus is a phenomenon frequently observed in numerous parasitic infections. This is the case for the Plasmodium parasites of Muridae in Central Africa, where three different parasite species are found in the same rodent host species. It is highly likely that these three Plasmodium species are transmitted simultaneously by the same vector. We and others have shown that the maturation periods of the various asexual and sexual stages in the rodent, differ amongst the three parasites. In this article we propose that these differences are the product of complex adaptations which result, for all three Plasmodium species, in a maximum peak of infectivity to the insect vector occurring around 3 a.m., the period of highest activity of the nocturnal host rodent.

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