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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Sexually transmitted Human Papillomavirus type variations resulting in high grade cervical dysplasia in North-East North Dakota and North-West Minnesota.

BACKGROUND: A review of Pap smear diagnoses from a reference laboratory in Grand Forks, North Dakota over a 3-year period (07/00 to 10/03) revealed a two-fold higher rate of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in a community in northwest Minnesota (Roseau, 0.486%) than in northeast North Dakota (Grand Forks, 0.249%), in spite of both having similar rates of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (1.33% vs.1.30% respectively) OBJECTIVES: To identify the different types of HPV present in patient populations showing high-grade dysplasia in Grand Forks, ND and Roseau, MN. STUDY DESIGN: Formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical tissue samples were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the presence of HPV type 16, 18 and 31. RESULTS: Our studies showed that 41% of samples from Roseau were triply infected with HPV serotypes 16, 18 and 31 in comparison to 12 % from Grand Forks. CONCLUSION: Due to the small sample size we were unable to prove the study to be statistically significant. However, our results suggest that the presence of HPV 16, 18 and 31 in triply infected samples may be the cause of the higher percentage of high-grade dysplasia in Roseau, MN when compared to Grand Forks, ND.

DNA, Viral↗
PubMed2000

Rabies in an American bison from North Dakota.

In North Dakota (USA) during April 1998, a ranched female bison (Bison bison) was found dead. At gross necropsy, there was profound hair loss and consolidated lung lobes. Intracytoplasmic neuronal inclusions suggestive of Negri bodies were observed in the brain stem and hippocampus, and a diagnosis of rabies was confirmed by the fluorescent antibody test. Antigenic typing demonstrated the occurrence of a rabies virus variant associated with skunks from the upper midwestern USA. This case of a rabid bison was one of only four such instances recorded from the USA over the past 40 yr, and is the first case report of rabies in a bison that reports clinical, pathologic, and antigenic findings. Although rabies in bison is rare, veterinarians and wildlife managers that work closely with such non-traditional species are reminded of the dangers that zoonoses such as rabies present.

Alopecia↗
PubMed2004

Increasing rate of diabetes in pregnancy among American Indian and white mothers in Montana and North Dakota, 1989-2000.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess trends in diabetes in pregnancy in American Indian and whites mothers in Montana and North Dakota. METHODS: Montana and North Dakota birth records were utilized to assess trends in any diabetes in pregnancy in American Indians and whites from 1989 to 2000. RESULTS: From 1989 through 2000, there were 133,991 and 102,232 births in Montana and North Dakota, respectively. The majority of mothers were American Indian (11%) or white (87%). The rate of any diabetes in pregnancy increased significantly in Montana Indian (3.1-4.1%, p = 0.04) and white mothers (1.8-2.6%, p < 0.001) from 1989-1991 to 1998-2000. The rate also increased significantly in white North Dakota mothers (1.6-3.2%, p < 0.001), but the increase in rate for Indian mothers in North Dakota did not reach statistical significance (3.8-4.8%, p = 0.06) during this time period. In each time period, Montana and North Dakota Indian mothers were more likely than white mothers to have any diabetes in pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of diabetes in pregnancy has increased in American Indian and white mothers. Thus public health programs are now facing an increasing number of women with a history of GDM at future risk of type 2 diabetes and an increasing number of offspring of diabetic pregnancies at risk for becoming overweight and developing type 2 diabetes at a young age.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Human anthrax associated with an epizootic among livestock--North Dakota, 2000.

On August 28, 2000, the North Dakota Department of Health was notified by a local clinician of a patient with a cutaneous lesion suggestive of anthrax following exposure to an infected animal carcass. This report summarizes the investigation of this case, which was associated with an anthrax epizootic among livestock in North Dakota, and emphasizes the importance of increased vigilance for human cases of anthrax during and following outbreaks of anthrax among livestock.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

National Public Health Performance Standards assessment: first steps in strengthening North Dakota's public health system.

North Dakota, as a rural state with a decentralized public health system, has found the National Public Health Performance Standards Program useful in assessing performance of the state's public health system. The local instrument was used for local public health systems and on Native American reservations. A description of the process as well as aggregated results of the local performance assessment is presented. An importance ranking scale was combined with the performance scores to identify priority areas. Priority needs were specifically identified for developing community health profiles, working more closely with community partnerships, and increasing emphasis on health education activities. The process was a good opportunity for bringing partners together in local public health systems and for developing interest in using the more complete strategic planning tools in Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships.

Efficiency, Organizational↗
PubMed2001

Population-based estimates of mortality associated with diabetes: use of a death certificate check box in North Dakota.

OBJECTIVES: Overall and cause-specific mortality among persons with diabetes in North Dakota was estimated and compared with estimates from previous population-based studies. METHODS: Data were derived from North Dakota death certificate data, which included unique information on decedents' diabetes status and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System estimates of the diabetic and nondiabetic adult populations of North Dakota. RESULTS: The risk of death among adults with diabetes was 2.6 (2.2, 2.9) times that of adults without diabetes. Relative risks of death among adults with diabetes were at least twice as high for heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, accidents and adverse events, and kidney disease and 70% to 80% higher for pneumonia and influenza, malignant neoplasms, arterial disease, and other causes. Risks remained substantial in the oldest age group. These findings are comparable to results of other population-based studies. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes status information enhanced the usefulness of death certificate data in examining mortality associated with diabetes and confirms that the effect of diabetes on death is substantial.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

West Nile virus in host-seeking mosquitoes within a residential neighborhood in Grand Forks, North Dakota.

West Nile virus (WNV) was first recovered in North Dakota near the city of Grand Forks in June 2002. During 2002, 2003, and 2004, we collected mosquitoes from Grand Forks using Mosquito Magnet traps and tested them for WNV. The seasonal abundance, species composition, and reproductive status of female mosquitoes were correlated with local environmental temperature and state surveillance data on WNV to determine the factors affecting local transmission of WNV. Over 90% of the mosquitoes collected were Aedes vexans, Ochlerotatus dorsalis, and Culex tarsalis, but WNV was detected only in Cx. tarsalis. Average summertime temperatures and relative abundance of mosquitoes were highest in 2002 but no WNV-positive mosquitoes were detected until the following summer. In 2003, nulliparous Cx. tarsalis appeared in mid-June (first summer brood), and parous Cx. tarsalis appeared in mid-July. The first WNV-positive pool occurred 21 July, and minimum daily infections rates increased thereafter until 27 August. The minimum infection rate (MIR) for Cx. tarsalis during the season was 5.7 infected mosquitoes per 1,000 tested, with the highest infection rates occurring at the end of the season as Cx. tarsalis populations started to decline. Mid-to-late August was identified as the period of highest risk for being bitten by a WNV-infected mosquito in Grand Forks during 2003. In 2004, viral activity in Grand Forks was low, due to very cool temperatures throughout the summer. To examine the genetic diversity of the 2003 WNV isolates from Grand Forks, we sequenced a 366-nucleotide region of the capsid and premembrane gene. Thirteen (46%) of the 28 WNV isolates contained at least one nucleotide substitution when compared to the homologous region of the progenitor WN NY-99 strain, and seven of these 13 substitutions coded for amino acid changes. Thus, WNV is established in North Dakota, it appears to be evolving and it is vectored primarily by Cx. tarsalis.

Aedes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

AIDS awareness in North Dakota--a knowledge and attitude study of the general population.

The AIDS program of the North Dakota Department of Health and Consolidated Laboratories has provided a broad range of information concerning AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) to State residents over the past few years. The ultimate intent of these intervention efforts was to decrease viral transmission. To assess residents' knowledge and attitudes regarding AIDS, a statewide, random telephone study was conducted by AIDS Program personnel in the fall of 1987, 1988, and 1989, with technical assistance from the Bureau of Governmental Affairs, University of North Dakota. Study results indicated a majority of the respondents considered themselves to have at least "some" knowledge about AIDS. Participants' comprehension of viral transmission routes and prevention methods increased over the 3 years, yet misconceptions still exist. Identified areas of misconception were accentuated in subsequent State educational programs. When the results were compared with national studies, knowledge levels in North Dakota were generally similar to but frequently superior to the nationwide levels.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence study of Rett syndrome in North Dakota children.

Service providers for children in the state of North Dakota were surveyed to determine the prevalence rate of Rett syndrome (RS). Five patients with definite RS were identified in a population of 203,801 children (98,932 girls) 0-18 years of age yielding a prevalence rate of RS of 1 in 40,760 in North Dakota children. For girls the rate of RS is 1 in 19,786. Similar surveys of other states using comparable modes of ascertainment will be important as points of comparison for prevalence rates of RS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

A profile of industrial nursing practices in North Dakota.

The background and tasks of occupational health nurses in North Dakota vary considerably. Those entering the field have little or no previous exposure to occupational health nursing and must develop skill through seminars, corporate training or area associates. In most instances, the nurse represents the occupational safety and health program for the firm and must take on additional roles such as safety director or assistant plant manager. In addition, the occupational health nurse performs numerous in-plant medical services ranging from emergency medical care to counseling and education. The occupational health nurse in North Dakota generally does not record family histories, take throat cultures, take routine x-rays, make hospital or home visits nor perform air sampling or noise level measurements.

North Dakota↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pregnancy and oral health: utilization of the oral health care system by pregnant women in North Dakota.

There is little data on the oral health of pregnant women in North Dakota. In response, the Dental Program of the North Dakota Department of Health included two oral health questions on a survey sent to 2,250 new mothers in the state. The oral health questions were designed to gather information on the proportion of pregnant women using the oral health care system and to identify major barriers to receiving oral health care services. The survey response rate was 65 percent. Just under half of the women responding (43.2%) had visited the dentist during their pregnancy. The major reason cited for not visiting the dentist was that they were not having any problems. There appears to be a lack of knowledge regarding the need for this particular aspect of prenatal care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence of type I spinal muscular atrophy in North Dakota.

In order to establish the incidence and prevalence of type I spinal muscular atrophy (SMA Werdnig-Hoffmann disease) in North Dakota, we reviewed the death certificates for the past 8 years. Between 1980 and 1987 the prevalence of was 1.5 per 10,000. The incidence was 1 in 6,720. This suggests a carrier frequency of 1 in 41 in North Dakota with a gene frequency of 0.0122. In North Dakota, type I spinal muscular atrophy appears to be 3 to 10 times more common than in other locations.

Death Certificates↗
PubMed1998

Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infections among North Dakota sheep producers.

A case of Q fever in a sheep producer was detected by a surveillance system in North Dakota in 1993, when Q fever was not reportable. This is the first officially documented case in the state. To estimate the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection and identify associated risk factors, we conducted a study covering the whole state. A total of 17 cases were identified among 496 sheep producers, their family members, and hired helpers. The number of sheep raised was a good predictor of C. burnetii infection. Lambing outdoors and frequent physical contacts with sheep during lambing were associated with a higher risk, but petting dogs was correlated with a lower risk. We conclude that C. burnetii infection is prevalent among sheep producers in North Dakota. As the result, Q fever became a reportable disease in North Dakota.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pregnancies complicated by diabetes--North Dakota, 1980-1992.

Women with established diabetes mellitus (EDM) or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk for maternal complications during pregnancy; infants born to women with diabetes also are at increased risk for adverse outcomes, including infant death, congenital malformation, birth injury, and hyaline membrane disease/respiratory distress syndrome (1). These health problems may be prevented in women with diabetes through improved glycemic control and through preconception and prenatal care (2,3). Population-based surveillance of EDM and GDM can assist in measuring the burden of diabetes during pregnancy and in identifying target groups for interventions (4). To determine the prevalence of pregnancies complicated by diabetes in North Dakota, the North Dakota State Department of Health and Consolidated Laboratories (NDSDH) studied birth certificate data for 1980-1992. This report summarizes the results of that assessment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phenomenological study of the North Dakota flood experience and its impact on survivors' health.

Grand Forks, North Dakota, was devastated by an unprecedented flood, forcing the evacuation of an entire community of 50,000 residents in 72 hours. A qualitative descriptive study with use of phenomenological methods was conducted 6 months after the flooding. Its purpose was to gain a deeper understanding of the meaning of a traumatic flood experience and its influence on the health of the residents of Grand Forks. Data were generated through interviews, observations, and media reports. The sample included 3 female and 3 male residents of the city of Grand Forks, North Dakota, who ranged in age from 26 to 77 years. Five essential themes were identified: (1) shock and disbelief, (2) uncertainty, (3) grief and loss, (4) emotional exhaustion, and (5) hope and meaning. The participants' descriptions of emotional exhaustion were similar to those found with survivors of posttraumatic stress disorder. Older adults appeared to be especially vulnerable. Nurses who are aware of the effects of natural disasters, particularly flooding, may be better able to identify vulnerable populations and understand the health needs of other survivors.

Adult↗